Conakry

Abidjan Accra

Cotonou

IbadanLagos

Dakar

Saint-Louis

RabatSale

Tunis

Cairo

Porto Novo

Ouagadougou

Nairobi

Addis Abbaba

Morogoro Dar es Salaam

Durban

Bloemfontein

Antananarivo

Cape Town

Ifrane

Buea

Legon

MOROCCO

TUNISIA

NIGERIA

BENIN

BURKINA FASO

GHANA

CAMEROON

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

SOUTH AFRICA

ETHIOPIA

TANZANIA

KENYAUGANDA

MADAGASCAR

MOZAMBIQUE

MALAWI

SUDAN

EGYPT

CÔTE D’IVOIRE

GUINEAGUINEA BISSAU

GAMBIA

CAPE VERDE

MAURITANIA

MALI

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

ZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

TOGO

SENEGAL

NAMIBIA MAURITIUS

SAO TOME & PRINCIPE

Gweru

Harare

GABON

CONGO

ANGOLA

BOTSWANA

LESOTHO

SWAZILAND

LIBERIA

SIERRA LEONE

ALGERIALIBYA

CHAD

WESTERN SAHARA

NIGER

BURUNDI

SOMALIA

ERITREA

RWANDA

39

9

12

24

6

1

20

33

11

32

34

2823

2

3

4

5

7

8

10

13

14 16

15

17

18

19

21

3738

36

26

27 29

31

35

22

30

5

Lead institutions outside Africa

Capacity-building and knowledge-sharing projects

Participatory action research projects

Lisbon PORTUGAL

40

Jakarta INDONESIA

3 25

BrightonUK

2 4

Washington DC USA

1

Toronto CANADA

41

Africa: a continent adaptsCCAA program map, 2007–09

Africa is among the most climate-vulnerable regions of the world. Climate change adds to the many stresses already affecting the continent and its people. As average temperatures and sea levels rise and rainfall patterns change, deserts are expanding while lakes, rivers and forests are shrinking, coastlines are eroding, and salt levels in coastal groundwater and soils are increasing. As a result, agriculture and food security are threatened, while vector-borne diseases such as malaria are striking in new areas. Extreme weather events such as cyclones are occurring more frequently and with greater intensity.

While developed countries must cut greenhouse gas emissions to limit the dangerous impacts of climate change, it is already too late to stop the changes already in motion in the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. Africa has no choice but to adapt to a hotter, mainly drier, and increasingly unpredictable climate.

Just as they are highly exposed to climate risk, so too Africans are highly resilient – and are leading the search for ways of adapting to climate change. The CCAA program supports their efforts through participatory action research on the following five priority themes:

Agriculture and rural livelihoods

Water

Health

Urban

Coastal

This map illustrates the geographic and thematic reach of CCAA’s research-focused projects, as of October 2009. An additional five projects focus primarily on building skills, knowledge or networks on adaptation, either across the continent or in specific sub-regions. All 46 CCAA projects, and the organizations leading them, are listed on the reverse, where you will also find maps showing the networks we support in sharing knowledge and building capacity for adaptation.

The themes reflect those identified in CCAA’s 2007 program strategy. A number of CCAA-supported projects have relevance to other important adaptation-related themes such as disaster preparedness and climate information and forecasting methods. Forestry and pastoralism are captured under Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods; Health refers to projects with a focus on vector or water-borne diseases; Coastal Resources includes fisheries, sea level rise and broader coastal vulnerabilities to climate change.

Agriculture and rural livelihoods: Women pastoralists of Mandera, in drought-prone northern Kenya, share their views with researchers led by the Intermediate Technology Development Group.

Photo: NEMA/ A. Macharia

Agriculture and rural livelihoods: Scientists at Madagascar’s University of Antanavario are investigating the vulnerability of the island’s agriculture.

Photo: IDRC/ N. Beaulieu

Agriculture and rural livelihoods: Ambuya Chikanya (centre) like many small holders is vulnerable to climate change. With researchers led by the

University of Zimbabwe, she and other farmers in seven countries are helping test options to increase their resilience.

Photo: University of Zimbabwe

Health:Climate change is altering the distribution of malaria, exposing new populations to high levels of risk. The Kenyan Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) is transferring a model for predicting epidemics to users in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.

Photo: IDRC/ C. Lengeler

Urban development:The City of Durban and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research are exploring ways of climate-proofing water and sanitation services for the poorest.

Photo: Golder Associates

Agriculture and rural livelihoods: The Greater Horn of Africa is extremely vulnerable to drought. Research led by Sokoine University of Agriculture is helping small hold farmers test adaptation options.

Photo: SUA

Coastal resources: In West Africa, ENDA-TM is working with fishing communities and decision makers to improve the coherence of fisheries policies in the face of climate change.

Photo: ENDA-TM

Water resources: Research led by the University of the Free State is developing options to address water scarcity in the Western Cape, the heartland of South Africa’s fruit production.

Photo: IDRC/ C. Van Rooyen

Water resources:In Morocco, the Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA - Agadir) is exploring the health, ecosystem, and other impacts of small dams.

Photo: IDRC/ M. O’Neill

Traditional maize, Tanzania. Photo: SUA/ F. Rwehumbiza

Adaptationwww.idrc.ca/ccaa

Bloemfontein

Dar es Salaam

Nairobi

NjoroKampala

Addis AbbabaOuagadougou

Marrakech

GHANA

NIGERIA

CAMEROONETHIOPIA

UGANDA KENYA

TANZANIA

SOUTH AFRICA

BENIN

BURKINA FASO

NIGERMALI

SENEGAL

MOROCCO

Durban

TUNISIA

Tunis

Building Africa’s capacity for adaptationThe CCAA program provides multiple layers of support to build knowledge and skills for adaptation to climate change. It funds the AfricaAdapt network to share knowledge within and beyond the adaptation research community in Africa and it funds the African Climate Change Fellowships Program (ACCFP), which in 2008 provided doctoral and postdoctoral research grants to 45 African candidates. Working with a network of strong African organizations, the program has also supported 11 training workshops to date, to address key gaps in research and adaptation capacity. The map shows: i) the location of the African institutions that host ACCFP scholars; ii) the African partners leading the AfricaAdapt network, together with the UK-based Institute of Development Studies; and iii) institutions which have led CCAA-hosted training workshops for African scientists and policymakers.

African Climate Change Fellowships Program partners and hosts *

The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training (START), Washington DC, USA (lead institution) African Academy of Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya (partner) Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Ougadougou, Burkina Faso (3) International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Nairobi, Kenya International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Bamako, Mali (2) International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Niamey, Niger University of the Free State, Department of Agrometeorology and the South African Sugarcane Research Institute, Bloemfontein and

Mount Edgecombe, South Africa University of the Free State, Department of Soil, Crop, and Climate Science, Bloemfontein, South Africa BirdLife International, Climate Change Programme, Kasarani Campus, Nairobi, Kenya Institute of Resource Assessment, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (4) (partner and host) Kenyatta University, Department of Environmental Planning and Management, Nairobi, Kenya University of Cape Town, Climate Systems Analysis Group, South Africa (5) University of KwaZulu‐Natal, Durban, South Africa (4) UNCCD Secretariat, Regional Coordination Unit for Africa, Tunis, Tunisia Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya (4) University of Witswatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco (3) Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal (3) Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Yaounde, Cameroon University of Nigeria, Nsukka University of Ghana (3), Department of Geography, Department of Crop Sciences, Accra International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, USA Makerere University, Uganda (2) Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

Accra

Akure

Yaounde

Dakar

Bamako

Cape Town

Niamey

Johannesburg

NsukkaCotonou

CCAA lead training organizations

Topic: Climate risk assessment y Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal y IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre, Nairobi, Kenya y Centre regional de formation et d’application en agrométéorologie et hydrologie opérationnelle (AGRHYMET Regional

Centre), Niamey, Niger

Topic: Project management y West African Rural Foundation, Dakar, Senegal

Topic: Proposal development y Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia y West African Rural Foundation, Dakar, Senegal y University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Topic: Research to policy linkages y Centre for Policy Studies, Johannesburg, South Africa y Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, Nairobi y Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Benin

Topic: Gender and social analysis y Department of Women and Gender Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda y Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

Topic: Participatory action research y Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Jakarta, Indonesia

Topic: Monitoring and evaluation y Measure Africa, Nairobi, Kenya

AfricaAdapt partners

 z Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK  z ENDA-Tiers-Monde, Dakar, Senegal z IGAD Climate Prediction and Application Centre (ICPAC), Nairobi, Kenya z Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA), Accra, Ghana

Adaptationwww.idrc.ca/ccaa

Capacity building partners outside Africa

African Climate Change Fellowships Program partners and hosts

Washington DC, USA

CCAA lead training organizations

Jakarta, Indonesia

AfricaAdapt partners

Brighton, UK

Project titleResearch location (countries) Lead institution Theme(s)

1 Climate Change Adaptation Mechanisms for Rural Communities in Two Contrasting Ecosystems of Morocco (plains and mountains)

Morocco Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)Rabat, Morocco

2 Strengthening Local Agricultural Innovation Systems in Less Favoured and High Potential Areas of Tanzania and Malawi

Malawi, Tanzania Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA), University of Dar Es SalaamDar es Salaam, Tanzania

3 Managing Climate Risks for Agriculture and Water Resources Development in South Africa

South Africa Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State (UOVS)Bloemfontein, South Africa

4 Lack of Resilience in African Smallholder Farming: Enhancing Adaptive Capacity of Local Communities to Pressures of Climate Change

Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe

5 Managing Risk, Reducing Vulnerability and Enhancing Productivity under a Changing Climate

Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania

Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA)Morogoro, Tanzania

6 Enabling Stakeholders in Moroccan Coastal Management to Develop Sustainable Climate Change Adaptation Policies and Plans

Morocco Ecole nationale forestière d’ingénieursSale, Morocco

7 Building Adaptive Capacity to Cope with Increasing Vulnerability Due to Climatic Change

Zambia, Zimbabwe Faculty of Natural Resources Management and Agriculture, Midlands State UniversityGweru, Zimbabwe

8 Strengthening the Capacity of Farmers to Reduce the Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Productivity to Ensure Food Security and Reduce Poverty in Benin

Benin Initiatives pour un développement intégré et durable (IDID–ONG)Porto Novo, Benin

9 Evaluating the Efficacy of Radio Drama as a Means to Strengthen the Capacity of Smallholder Farmers to Adapt to Climate Change

Nigeria Developing Countries Farm Radio Network (DCFRN)Lagos, Nigeria

10 Vulnerability and Adaptation of Agricultural Systems in Madagascar Madagascar Université d’Antananarivo, Ecole supérieure des sciences agronomiques (ESSA)Antananarivo, Madagascar

Advancing Capacities to Support Climate Change Adaptation through Five Pilot Projects Components:

United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)

11 Pilot Project 1: Building Capacities to Adapt to Climate Variability, Extreme Climate Events and Climate Change in Urban and Peri-Urban Areas of Ouagadougou

Burkina Faso Institut d’applications et de vulgarisation en sciencesOuagadougou, Burkina Faso

12 Pilot Project 2: Examining the Risks and Adaptive Strategies of Agrarian Households in Cameroon

Cameroon University of BueaBuea, Cameroon

13 Pilot Project 3: Improving Decision-Making Capacity of Small Holding Farmers in Response to Climate Risk in Three Drought Prone Districts of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Ethiopia Mekelle UniversityAddis Ababa, Ethiopia

This table captures all full projects approved by the program from its first allocations in March 2007 up to the end of October 2009. Forty-one participatory action research projects are listed first, followed by five knowledge-sharing and capacity-building projects, which are mainly continent-wide in scope.

Eleven of these projects are grouped under two umbrella funding allocations made by the program in 2007–08: Advancing Capacity to Support Climate Change Adaptation: Five Pilot Projects; and Water, Health and Climate Change Adaptation in Africa, through which CCAA now supports six projects.

CCAA research and capacity building projects, 2006–07 to 2009–10Project title

Research location (countries) Lead institution Theme(s)

14 Pilot Project 4: Improving Decision-Making Processes to address Food Security and Water Management through Climate Change Scenario Generation in the Kano Plains of Eastern Africa

Kenya Institute for Sustainable Commodities Kenya (ISCOM Kenya)Nairobi, Kenya

15 Pilot Project 5: Adaptation Options for the Impoverished Amaoti Settlement through improved Water Supply, Drainage and Sanitation

South Africa City of Durban, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Durban, South Africa

16 Transferring the Malaria Epidemic Prediction Model to End Users in East Africa

Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda Kenyan Medical research Institute (KEMRI)Nairobi, Kenya

Water, Health and Climate Change Adaptation in Africa6 components to date:

17 New Land, New Life West of Lake Nasser - Aswan Egypt Near East Foundation / Center for Development ServicesCairo, Egypt

18 Integrated Eco-systemic Approach for Optimization of Small Dams in Morocco: Scenarios Analysis to Improve the Coping Capacities of Communities and the Resilience of Ecosystems to Climate Change

Morocco Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA)Rabat, Morocco

19 Ecosystems Approach to Managing Water and Health in the Context of Climate Change: Adaptive Strategies to Drought and Flooding in Four West African Countries

Côte d’Ivoire, Mauritania, Senegal, Togo

Centre Suisse de recherches scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS)Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

20 Adaptation to Climate Change and Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Water-borne Illnesses in Guinea’s Forested Zones

Guinea Centre d’études et de recherche en environnement, Université de ConakryConakry, Guinea

21 Analysis of the Health Impacts of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies: The Case of Transmission of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis from Leishmania major in Tunisia

Tunisia Agence Tunisienne de coopération technique and implemented by l’observatoire des maladies émergentesTunis, Tunisia

22 Eco-Health Approach to the Control of Onchocerciasis in the Volta Basin of Ghana

Ghana Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of GhanaLegon, Ghana

23 InfoClim: Platform for Helping Vulnerable Communities Adapt to Climate Change

Senegal Centre de suivi écologique (CSE)Dakar, Senegal

24 Pastoralist Livelihood Security: Developing Adaptive Capacity with a Focus on Nomadic Livestock Production under Climate Change

Kenya Intermediate Technology Development Group LtdNairobi, Kenya

25 Altering the Climate of Poverty under Climate Change in Sub-Saharan Africa: Setting Priorities and Strategies for Adaptation

Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo

Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Jakarta, Indonesia

26 Rural–urban Cooperation on Water Management in the Context of Climate Change in Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso Institut de l’environnement et de recherches agricoles (INERA)Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

27 Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS)Nairobi, Kenya

28 Adapting Fishing Policy to Climate Change with the Aid of Scientific and Endogenous Knowledge

Cap Verde, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mauritania and Senegal

Environment and Development in the Third World (ENDA-TM)Dakar, Senegal

29 Integrating Indigenous Knowledge in Climate Risk Management to Support Community Based Adaptation

Kenya IGAD Climate Prediction and Application Centre (ICPAC)Nairobi, Kenya

30 Using Demand Side Management to Adapt to Water Scarcity and Climate Change in the Saiss Basin

Morocco Al Akhawayn UniversityIfrane, Morocco

Project titleResearch location (countries) Lead institution Theme(s)

31 Adaptation to the Impacts of Sea Level Rise in the Nile Delta Coastal Zone

Egypt National Water Research CenterCairo, Egypt

32 CCAA Challenge Fund: Support Fund for Local Adaptation Strategies Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal

Innovations, environnement et développement en Afrique (IED)Dakar, Senegal

33 Adapting to Soil Salinisation Induced by Climate Change in Senegal Senegal Institut Sénégalais de recherches agricoles (ISRA)Saint-Louis, Senegal

34 Climate Change and Human Health in Accra, Ghana Ghana Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of GhanaAccra, Ghana

35 Exploring Urban–rural Interdependence and the Impacts of Climate Change in Tanzania and Malawi

Malawi, Tanzania Institute of Resource Assessment, University of Dar es SalaamDar es Salaam, Tanzania

36 Implications of Climate Change for Rural–urban Interactions: Case Study of Aba and its Region, Southeastern Nigeria

Nigeria Nigeria Environmental Study Action TeamIbadan, Nigeria

37 Managing Water in the Rural–urban Interface in Ghana and Ethiopia: Key to Climate Change Resilient Cities

Ethiopia, Ghana International Water Management InstituteAccra, Ghana

38 Protecting Cotonou’s Urban Community in the Face of Climate Change

Benin Centre de recherche et d’expertise pour le développement localCotounou, Benin

39 Sub-Saharan African Cities: A Five-city Network to Pioneer Climate Adaptation through Participatory Research and Local Action [Cape Town, Dar es Salaam, Maputo, Windhoek, Port St Louis]

Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, South Africa

International Council for Local Environment InitiativesCape Town, South Africa

40 CapaSIDS: Capacity Building and Knowledge on Sustainable Responses to Climate Change in Small Island States

Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Principe

Instituto de engenharia meccãnicaLisbon, Portugal

41 Strengthening the Role of Civil Society in Water Sector Governance Towards Adaptation in Durban, Maputo, and Nairobi

Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa

York UniversityToronto, Canada

Capacity Building and Knowledge Sharing Initiatives:

1 African Climate Change Fellowship Program Multiregional The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training (START)Washington, DC, USA

Capacity building

2 Knowledge Sharing and Research Multiregional Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of SussexBrighton, UK

Knowledge sharing

3 Promoting Participatory Action Research through Structured Learning on Climate Change Adaptation in Africa

Multiregional Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)Jakarta, Indonesia

Capacity building

4 Linking African Researchers with Adaptation Policy Spaces Kenya, Malawi, Uganda Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of SussexBrighton, UK

Research to policy processes

5 An experimental approach to capacity and toolkit development for monitoring and evaluation within climate change adaptation initiatives

Multi-regional United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Monitoring and evaluation

* The numbers in brackets refer to the number of Fellows hosted by the institution.