Adaptation. A gradual change in an organism that enables it to survive in a particular environment.
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Transcript of Adaptation. A gradual change in an organism that enables it to survive in a particular environment.
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Adaptation
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A gradual change in an organism that enables it to survive in a particular
environment.
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Algae
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Nonvascular plants that are often found in aquatic or marine
environments and provides both food and a place for organisms to live.
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Acid Rain
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Rain that is contaminated with pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen oxide gases.
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Adapt
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Change; to change in order to fit a new situation or use.
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Abiotic Factors
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The nonliving parts of the environment.
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Aquatic
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Living in water.
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Benthos
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Bottom-dwelling organisms.
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Biome
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The natural place in a particular climate where many plants and animals live.
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Biosphere
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Encompasses all areas of the Earth — land, air and water — that support life.
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Biotic Factors
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The living parts of the environment.
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Camouflage
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Exploit the natural surroundings to disguise something.
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Carbon Cycle
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The cycle in which carbon flows through the environment and living things.
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Carnivore
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A consumer that eats only meat from animals or insects.
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Carry Capacity
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The largest population that an area can support.
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Classify
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To group things together because they share one or more properties.
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Climate
temperature
Tim
e/y
ear
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The average and variations of weather in a region over long periods of time.
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Co-exist
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Exist together.
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Commensalism
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Relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor
harmed.
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Community
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All of the populations that live in the same area.
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Competition
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The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited
resources.
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Consumer
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An organism that feeds on other organisms or organic matter because
it cannot make its own food
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Decay
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The process where bacteria and other decomposers break down dead
things.
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Deciduous
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Describes a plant whose leaves fall off seasonally, or a leaf which falls off
seasonally.
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Decomposers
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Members of an ecosystem that break down organic material so it may be
used again (or recycled) by the ecosystem.
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Deforestation
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The clearing of forest lands.
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Dependent
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To depend on something else for survival.
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Desert
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A sandy or rocky biome, with little precipitation and little plant life.
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Ecology
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The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.
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Ecologists
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Scientists who study ecology.
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Ecosystem
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A community that includes all the living and nonliving things found in a
certain area.
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Emigration
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To leave a population.
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Endangered Species
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A species that is in danger of becoming extinct.
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Energy Pyramid
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Shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food
web.
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Entomologist
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A scientist who studies insect life.
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Environment
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Everything that surrounds an organism and influences it.
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Equilibrium
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State of balance within an ecosystem.
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Estuaries
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Bodies of water found in areas where fresh water and salt water mix.
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Extinct
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A species that has died out completely.
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Food Chain
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The ways in which the organisms in an ecosystem interact with one another
according to what they eat.
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Food Web
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Consists of the many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem.
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Fossil Fuel
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Fuels formed from plant or animal remains, such as coal, gas, and oil.
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Germination
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The process by which seeds swell up and begin to sprout and develop
roots.
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Grasslands
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Land where grass or grasslike vegetation grows and is the dominant form of plant
life.
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Habitat
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A place that is natural for an organism to live.
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Herbivore
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A consumer that eats only plants.
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Host
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The organism that a parasite lives in or on.
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Humus
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Partially decomposed organic matter; the organic component of soil.
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Immigration
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To move into a population.
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Inorganic
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Composed of matter other than plant or animal.
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Interdependence
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Being mutually responsible to and sharing a common set of principles
with others.
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Lake
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Bigger than a pond, and is too deep to support plant roots except near the shore.
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Limiting Factor
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An environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing.
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Live-Bearer
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An animal that gives birth to live, fully formed offspring.
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Microorganism
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An extremely small organism that can not be seen without a microscope.
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Migration
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To move periodically from one area to another for feeding or breeding.
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Mutualism
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Relationship in which both species benefit.
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Natural Selection
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A process by which characteristics that make an individual better suited to its
environment become more common in species.
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Nekton
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Organisms that swim through the water.
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Niche
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The role of an organism in the community; how it makes its living.
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Nitrogen Cycle
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The cycle in which nitrogen moves through the environment and living things.
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Nitrogen Fixation
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Process of changing free nitrogen gas into a usable form.
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Nutrients
phosphorous potassium
nitrogen
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Food for plants.
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Organic
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Composed of plant or animal matter.
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Organisms
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Living things.
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Omnivore
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A consumer that eats plants and animals.
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Oxygen
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An element that is normally colorless, odorless and tasteless and which is the most abundant element and is
essential to life.
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Parasite
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An organism that lives on, or inside, another organism and harms it.
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Permafrost
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Ground that is permanently frozen.
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pH
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A term that refers to the relative concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution, and therefore whether
the solution is acid or base.
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Pioneer Species
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The first species to populate an area.
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Photosynthesis
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The process by which green plants and blue-green algae, in the
presence of light, make food out of carbon dioxide and water.
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Plankton
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Organisms that float on the water.
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Pollutant
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Anything that spreads harmful or unpleasant substances into the air,
water, or ground.
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Pollution
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An unwanted change in the environment.
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Pond
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A still body of water smaller than a lake, often shallow enough for rooted plants to
grow throughout.
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Population
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A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place.
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Predator
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An animal that hunts and eats other animals.
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Prey
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An animal that is hunted and eaten by other animals.
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Primary Consumer
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An animal that eats green plants.
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Primary Succession
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The series of changes that occur to an area where no soil or organisms exist.
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Producer
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An organism that can make its own food through the process of
photosynthesis.
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Protection
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Anything that helps ward off some threat.
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Recycle
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To take something that would otherwise be thrown away and make it into something that can be used
again.
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Reproduction
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Process by which plants and animals give rise to offspring.
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Respiration
OxygenCarbon
Dioxide
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The processes by which an organism takes in and processes oxygen and
releases carbon dioxide.
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Savannas
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Grasslands that stay warm all year round.
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Scavenger(Detrivore)
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An organism, also known as a decomposer, that eats dead or
decaying organic matter.
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Secondary Consumer
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An animal that eats animals who eat plants.
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Secondary Succession
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The series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed,
but where soil and organisms still exist.
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Soil
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The top layer of earth, composed of organic materials (humus), inorganic
materials (sand, silt, and clay), water, and air.
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Stable
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Steady and balanced.
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Symbiosis
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A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.
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Taiga
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A cool forest biome of conifers in the upper Northern Hemisphere.
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Temperate
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A region with moderate or mild conditions.
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Temperate Forest
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Contain trees that lose their leaves each fall and found in areas with moderate
temperatures.
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Temperature
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A measurement of the amount of heat a substance contains.
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Terrarium
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A closed glass or plastic container where organisms can live and be
observed.
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Terrestrial
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Of or related to the land.
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Tertiary Consumer
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An animal that eats secondary consumers.
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Thermometer
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A device for measuring temperature.
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Threatened Species
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A species that is in danger of becoming endangered.
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Topsoil
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The layer of soil on the surface which supports vegetation.
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Toxins
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Tropical Rain Forest
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A hot biome near the equator, with much rainfall and a wide variety of life.
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Tundra
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A type of ecosystem dominated by lichens, mosses, grasses, and woody plants and is
located near the north and south poles.
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Water Cycle
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The ongoing process in nature that recycles fresh water.
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Water Pollution
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Condition that exists when harmful materials have entered the water and made it harmful to organisms.