AD-SDI Data Content Standard: Utility
Transcript of AD-SDI Data Content Standard: Utility
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD
UTILITY – WATER
Version 1.0
March 2009
Prepared by
Abu Dhabi Systems and Information Centre (ADSIC)
Abu Dhabi, UAE
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 2 of 25
REVISION HISTORY
Revision # Reason Effective Date
1 Original Draft March 2009
2 Revised 20 Apr 2009
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 3 of 25
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... 3
1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 4
2 Scope, purpose, and application ................................................................... 4
2.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 4
2.3 Application ....................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................... 6
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms, and notations ................................................ 6
5 Content Model ................................................................................................ 7
5.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 7
5.2 Water Transmission System Overview ......................................................................... 7
5.3 Water Distribution System Overview ........................................................................... 8
6 UML Model .................................................................................................... 9
6.1 UML Model for Water Transmission Network ............................................................ 9
6.2 UML Model for Water Distribution Network ............................................................ 10
7 Data Dictionary ............................................................................................ 11
7.1 Data Dictionary for Water Transmission ................................................................... 11 7.1.1 Network Component .................................................................................................... 11 7.1.2 Water Line .................................................................................................................... 13 7.1.3 Network Structure ........................................................................................................ 16
7.2 Data Dictionary for Water Distribution...................................................................... 18 7.2.1 Network Components ................................................................................................... 18
7.2.2 Water Line Features ..................................................................................................... 21 7.2.3 Network Structure Features .......................................................................................... 24
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 4 of 25
1 Introduction
The primary purpose of this part of the FGDS Data Content Standard is to support the
exchange of water utility data. This part seeks to establish a common baseline for the
semantic content of utility databases for public agencies and private enterprises. It also seeks
to simplify the exchange of water utility data among entities within the AD-SDI community.
Benefits of adopting this part of the standard include the long-term improvement of the utility
network data within the AD-SDI community and avoidance of data duplication.
The FGDS Data Content Standard for water utility data is developed with a certain
philosophy which includes the following concepts:
Keep it simple; have the fewest data elements possible, but make those data elements
mandatory. This encourages use of the part.
Use single data types, for example, coordinate types. Different organizations store
their data or make them available using a variety of data types, for example, latitude
longitude, UTM coordinates, Nahrwan datum, WGS84 datum and so on. Because the
data provider, the organization creating the data, is the one most knowledgeable about
their data, they should be responsible for converting their data into this single data
type. Multiple data types would make the part less useful to data users.
Require metadata supporting how the utility data was compiled and how their
corresponding accuracy values were estimated.
2 Scope, purpose, and application
2.1 Scope
Water utility data encompasses a wide range of spatial data entities that are fundamental to
many GIS applications. Water utility data sets pertaining to the supply of water are normally
considered key elements of base maps and serves as essential reference data in this context.
The datasets are also of interest because they include many elements critical to the public and
private infrastructure and provide services in daily life of citizens. The reliable functioning
of the increasingly complex, inter-connected, and inter-dependent utility infrastructures
including electric, water, and gas supply systems, wastewater systems, and communications
is vital for the security, economic prosperity, and social well-being of the Emirate.
2.2 Purpose
In the context of AD-SDI, this document defines the water utility data theme to include those
geographic entities that are explicitly designated for providing potable water or services. As
such, this data theme includes layers such as pipelines, network structures, and network
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 5 of 25
components. Not included in the water utility data theme are most hydrological features such
as underground water sources, even if related to water utility, which are included in
hydrology data theme.
2.3 Application
This part of the FGDS Data Content Standard is intended to facilitate a common
methodology to manage and share water utility datasets among the AD-SDI community.
At small and medium scales, water utility data will normally include only transmission
features and facilities. At large scale, water utility data will include both transmission and
distribution level features as well as further level of detail, such as individual house
connections or meters.
The data set contains water line features, network component features, and network
structure features involved in the water transmission and water distribution networks. The
water utility features often provide good landmarks for orientation and navigation purposes
because of their large size. They can also provide a quick visualization of the infrastructure
elements located in an area. The various utility features when combined together offer a high-
level appreciation of the degree of infrastructure interdependency.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 6 of 25
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms, and notations
The following symbols, abbreviations, and notations are applicable to this document.
Symbols, abbreviations, and notations applicable to multiple parts are listed in the Base
Document.
ADWEA - Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority
ADDC - Abu Dhabi Distribution Company
AADC - Al Ain Distribution Company
TRANSCO - Abu Dhabi Transmission & Dispatch Company
FAC – Final Acceptance Certificate
PAC – Provisional Acceptance Certificate
WGS 84 – World Geodetic System of 1984
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 7 of 25
5 Content Model
5.1 General
Potable water facilities refer to the entire potable water sector infrastructure services
including water production, water transmission and water distribution. This information is
currently owned by ADWEA and its affiliated companies, primarily ADDC, AADC and
TRANSCO. ADWEA companies maintain detailed water system information down to the
schematic configurations within pumping stations, but generally most stakeholders in the
AD-SDI community only need to know the general routing and characteristics of the water
system features, including basic attribution such as pipe size, and material.
The GIS at ADWEA is implemented using internationally accepted data models that have
been adapted to meet the specific business needs. The process of updating the water utility
network data is institutionalized at the most local levels, with the updating being carried out
on a daily basis as part of ongoing business transactions.
5.2 Water Transmission System Overview
The water that is consumed for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes in the
Emirate of Abu Dhabi, originates from a source, usually from desalination plants located at
the power stations, or underground aquifer water resources. For communities that do not have
a local water supply such as water wells, a transmission network is built to transport the water
from the source to the destination communities.
Transmission systems are typically composed of aqueducts, tunnels, connecting devices, and
pumping facilities. In a transmission system, all of the pipes, devices, and pumping facilities
tend to be large; the network system is relatively simple; and the networks can span hundreds
of kilometers as they push water over the land divides, under the sea, channels, and across
deserts to population centers.
As the transmission system delivers water to a community, the transmission system connects
with the local water distribution system. Usually there are treatment plants and pump stations
that ensure water quality and control the flow and pressure of water into the distribution
system. Many treatment plants and pump stations also have adjacent storage facilities to
provide adequate flow when water demand exceeds the capacity of the transmission system.
Typical devices include pumps, chemical injectors, aerators, motors, and generators.
Data set includes location information on pumping stations, and transmission pressurized
main pipes including pumping stations names and total capacity for common reference and
coordination among the various stakeholders. Elevation information as well as basic
characteristics of pipes are included as well as information on trenches locations, channels,
chambers and ducts.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 8 of 25
5.3 Water Distribution System Overview
The distribution system typically involves a much smaller geographic area compared to the
transmission network, but the complexity of the distribution network is much higher than the
transmission network. Some water distribution systems are designed as looped networks
because they are designed to provide a continuous flow of pressurized water throughout the
network even when some sections of the network are temporarily isolated to effect repair and
replacement activities. The looping of the network also tends to provide for pressure
equalization throughout the water network. Operating water system valves can isolate areas
of the water network. The looping of the water mains requires fittings such as tees and
crosses to connect multiple pipes at a junction. Other fittings, such as couplers, bends, and
reducers, permit the connection of separate physical pipe segments.
Ultimately, water is distributed to residential and commercial water customers. Often tapping
sleeves are employed to connect half to two-inch service pipes to a larger water main to
provide residential service. Most commercial and residential services are metered for billing
purposes.
Data sets include location information of water distribution pipes and system valves. Also
included are elevation information as well as basic characteristics of pipes with information
on trenches locations and ducts.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 9 of 25
6 UML Model
This section provides the UML models for the water transmission and water distributions
networks.
6.1 UML Model for Water Transmission Network
-Subtype
Trunk Main Pipe-Length M-Width M-Depth M
-Subtype
Chamber
Water Transmission Network
-Subtype
Air Control Valve
-Subtype
Supply Main Pipe
-Subtype
Gravity Pipe
-Name-Subtype
Water Structure
-Length M-Width M-Height M
-Nominal Diameter M
Tank
-Subtype
System Valve
-Name-Subtype
Water Facility
-Material-Subtype
Casing
-Pipe diameter mm-Life Cycle Status
Water Line
-Life Cycle Status
Network Structure
-Elevation-Life Cycle Status
Network Component
Figure 1: UML Model for Water Transmission
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 10 of 25
6.2 UML Model for Water Distribution Network
-Subtype
Main Pipe-Length M-Width M
-Depth M
Chamber
Water Distribution Network
-Subtype
Hydrant-Subtype
Sector Main Pipe
-Subtype
Gravity Pipe
-Subtype
Service Line
-Name-Subtype
Water Structure
-Length M-Width M-Height M
-Nominal Diameter-Subtype
Tank
-Subtype
System Valve
-Material
-Subtype
Casing
-Subtype
Air Control Valve
-Pipe diameter mm-Life Cycle Status
Water Line
-Life Cycle Status
Network Structure
-Elevation-Life Cycle Status
Network Component
Figure 2: UML Model for Water Distribution
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 11 of 25
7 Data Dictionary
The water utility infrastructure is composed of objects to be modeled such as Pump Stations,
Valves, and Pipeline segments. These components are grouped into three general logical
categories: Water Line, Water Network Components, and Water Network Structures.
7.1 Data Dictionary for Water Transmission
The following metadata elements allow tracking of changes made by the user to any feature
within the data model.
Table 1: Metadata for Water Transmission Features
CreationUser Identifies the user that created the data.
DateCreated States the date the new data was created.
DateModified States the date that any data was modified on.
LastUser Identifies the last user that modified any data.
7.1.1 Network Component
The Water facility constitutes the main components of the water transmission system. The
main function of the water facility is to control the capacity of the water transmission system
by regulating the pressures and the flows throughout the pipe network.
Table 2 Data Dictionary for Network Components of Water Transmission network
Network Component This is an abstract class to store the following attributes common to Network
Components.
Elevation The elevation, above mean sea level, of the water component item in meters.
Life Cycle Status Indicates the present status of the component. The value of this attribute is extracted
from a value domain that includes the following options: Active (default),
Abandoned, App. Design, Decommissioned, FAC, PAC, Proposed, Removed,
Standby, Temporary, To be transferred, Under Commission, Under Construction,
Warranty
System Valve A System Valve is a device that is installed on the transmission line to control and
regulate the flow of water in the distribution system. A system valve can be used to
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 12 of 25
manipulate flows and pressures throughout the distribution system by partially
opening and closing its mechanism.
Subtype See Table 3 for subtypes of System Valve
Air Control Valve An Air Control Valve controls the pressure in the water system by allowing the
water to pass through a closed throttle plate, permitting the system to idle.
Subtype See Table 4 for subtypes of Air Control Valve
Tank A Tank is a container with a defined storage capacity, where the volume of stored
water can vary with time.
Length M The length of the tank, in meters.
Width M The width of the tank, in meters.
Height M The height of the tank, in meters.
Nominal Diameter M The nominal diameter of the tank in meters.
Table 3: Subtypes of System Valve for Water Transmission Network
Trans_Butterfly A valve that utilizes a rotating disk element to regulate flow in a pipe.
Trans_Washout A valve at the low point of a pipeline to allow drainage of the line.
Trans_Gate A valve with a disk-shaped closing element that fits tightly over an opening through
which water passes.
Trans_Plug A valve fitted with a plug that has a hole through which fluids flows and that is
rotatable through 90º for operation in the open or closed position.
Trans_NonReturn A one-way valve for preventing flowing down back into the cask.
Table 4: Subtypes of Air Control Valve for Water Transmission Network
Trans_ Air Control A valve that is used to let air leave through a closed throttle plate, allowing the
system to idle.
Trans_Air Release A valve used to release air from a water pipe or fitting.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 13 of 25
Trans_Altitude A valve that adjusts the composition of the air mixture admitted into the system as the
air density varies with altitude.
7.1.2 Water Line
There are assorted types of pipes used in the transmission of water. The main function of the
pipeline network is to convey water from the production companies to the distribution
companies. The Pressurized Main is a type of water transmission conduit that is used in the
transmission of water that has a relatively wide range of diameters and carries the water from
the generation source to the pumping stations. These pipes are characterized by being
pressurized due to the reason that the water that they convey is pumped through.
Table 5 Data Dictionary for Water Line features of Water Transmission network
Water Line This is an abstract class to store the following attributes common to Water line
features.
Pipe Diameter mm The nominal diameter of the pipe in (mm). This value is extracted from a value
domain that includes the various diameter sizes.
Life Cycle Status Indicates the present status of the pipeline. The value of this attribute is extracted
from a value domain that includes the following options: Active (default),
Abandoned, App. Design, Decommissioned, FAC, PAC, Proposed, Removed,
Standby, Temporary, To be transferred, Under Commission, Under Construction,
Warranty
Gravity Pipe A Gravity Pipe is a pipe that conveys water by using the force of gravity.
Subtype See Table 6 for a list of Gravity Pipe subtypes.
Supply Main Pipe The Supply Main Pipe is a type of Pressurized Main that transports the water from
the source to the pumping stations. In addition, the Supply Main Pipe can branch off
and provide water to the company’s customers along the stretch of the pipeline,
before entering the pump station.
Subtype See Table 7 for a list of Supply Main Pipe subtypes.
Trunk Main Pipe This is a type of Pressurized Main Pipe that transports water from the generation
stations to the pumping stations for distribution.
Subtype See Table 8 for a list of Trunk Main Pipe subtypes.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 14 of 25
Table 6: Subtype for Gravity Pipe in Water Transmission Network
Trans_Inline Storage A pipe connecting tanks within the pump station, by gravity.
Trans_Transport A pipe that conveys water from one tank to another over long distances, by gravity.
Trans_Drain A pipe that carries off surface water.
Trans_Washout A pipe carrying the residual water in a the tank to a drain, during the emptying of the
tank.
Trans_Outfall A drainage pipe that discharges water into the sea or river.
Trans_Overflow Pipe protruding above the surface of a liquid in a container, to control the height of the
liquid. The excess liquid enters the pipe’s open end and drains away, to washout pipe.
Storm Drain A drain which conducts storm surface, water drainage to a discharge point.
Trans_Suction A pipe that carries water from the tanks to a suction header pipe, in a pumping station.
The suction pipe equalizes the head as it is collected off different tanks.
Trans_Suction
Header
A pipe that carries the conveyed water from the suction pipe to the pumps, in a
pumping station. The suction header pipe equalizes the pressure of the collected water
prior it entering the pumps.
Trans_Inlet A gravity pipe that is used to input water into a water network component.
Trans_Outlet A gravity pipe that is used to output water from a water network component.
Table 7: Subtype for Supply Main Pipe in Water Transmission Network
Trans_Pressurized Main A pressurized main that is laid around the sectors. It feeds the sector mains.
Trans_Pipe Bridge Main A segment of the Trans_PressurizedRingMain pipe that becomes exposed and
rises above the ground.
Trans_Road Crossing
Main
A segment of an underground Trans_PressurizedRingMain pipe that crosses a
road.
Trans_ByPass Main A pipeline within the Tans_PressurizedRingMain that acts as an alternate flow
route for a pipe, if a segment ahead is malfunctioning.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 15 of 25
Trans_Header A pipe that collects pressurized water, which has been discharged off a set of
pumps, from a series of pipes and propels it into the pressurized ring main. The
main function of the header pipe is to equalize the pressure of the water that has
been collected off the discharged water.
Trans_Pressurized Inlet A pressurized pipe that is used to input water into a water network component.
Trans_Pressurized Outlet A pressurized pipe that is used to output water from a water network component.
Table 8: Subtype for Trunk Main Pipe in Water Transmission Network
Trans_Trunk Main A pressurized pipeline that transports water from generation stations to the
pumping stations for distribution.
Trans_Trunk Main ByPass A segment of a pipeline that acts as an alternate flow route for a pipe, if a
segment ahead is malfunctioning.
Trans_Trunk Pipe Bridge A segment of a running pipeline that becomes exposed and rises above the
ground.
Trans__Trunk Main Road
Crossing
A segment of an underground trunk main pipe that crosses a road.
Trans_Trunk Main Submarine A segment of the trunk main pipe that is running beneath a sea or a river.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 16 of 25
7.1.3 Network Structure
Table 9 Data Dictionary for Network Structures of Water Transmission network
Network Structure This is an abstract class to store the following attributes common to Network Structure
features.
Life Cycle Status Indicates the present status of the Network Structure feature. The value of this attribute
is extracted from a value domain that includes the following options: Active (default),
Abandoned, App. Design, Decommissioned, FAC, PAC, Proposed, Removed, Standby,
Temporary, To be transferred, Under Commission, Under Construction, Warranty
Water Structure A Water Structure is the fixed structure which gives the actual boundary of Tanks,
Pump Halls etc.
Name The name or type of the water structure.
Subtype See Table 10 for a list of Water Structure types.
Water Facility A Water Facility is a type of Water Feature that consists of large features that are used
to house or logically group other equipment in the water system.
Name The name or type of the water facility.
Subtype See Table 11 for a list of Water Facility types.
Casing A Casing is a type of protective structure that surrounds or encloses a water line in
order to protect it from physical damage or contamination.
Material The type of material the casing is made of. The types are extracted from a value domain
that includes the following options: Cast Iron, Concrete, Steel, GRP and Other.
Subtype See Table 12 for a list of Casing types.
Chamber A Chamber is comprised of a structure which contains components of the water facility.
It provides access to the water facility components for maintenance and control.
Length M The length of the chamber, in meters.
Width M The width of the chamber, in meters.
Depth M The depth of the chamber, in meters.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 17 of 25
Subtype The type of chamber is usually governed by the water facility that exists in the
chamber. The types are extracted from a value domain that includes the following
options: System Valve Chamber, Air Control Valve Chamber, Pressure Control Valve
Chamber, Flow Control Valve Chamber, Washout Chamber and Meter Chamber.
Table 10: Subtype for Water Structure
Trans_Storage Facility A large container for holding or storing a water.
Trans_Storage Basin An area drained by a given stream and its tributaries.
Trans_Pump Hall A room or locality for housing water pumps.
Chlorinator Room The locality where the water is chlorinated for disinfection.
Table 11: Subtype for Water Facility
Pumping Station A building in which two or more pumps operate to supply fluid flowing at adequate
pressure to a distribution system.
Tank Farms A boundary which is the group of Tanks/Reservoirs to store the water and supply with
adequate pressure to the sink point.
Table 12: Subtype for Casing
Casement A protective cover that surrounds the water pipeline, used primarily in situations when
the pipeline is underneath a road or in cases where the pipe is at a very shallow depth.
Sleeve A cylindrical protective casing designed to fit over the length of the pipeline.
Protective Tunnel A protective hollow structure that may contain up to several pipes running along within
the structure.
Access Tunnel An accessible underground tunnel structure that contains water or other utilities that
may be running through.
Duct A protective structure that encases a pipeline. It is usually placed underneath road
crossings.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 18 of 25
7.2 Data Dictionary for Water Distribution
The following metadata elements allow tracking of changes made by the user to any feature
within the data model.
Table 13: Metadata for Water Distribution Features
CreationUser Identifies the user that created the data.
DateCreated States the date the new data was created.
DateModified States the date that any data was modified on.
LastUser Identifies the last user that modified any data.
7.2.1 Network Components
The Water facility constitutes the main components of the water distribution system. The
main function of the water facility is to control the capacity of the water distribution system
by regulating the pressures and the flows throughout the pipe network.
Table 14 Data Dictionary for Network Components of Water Distribution network
Network Components This is an abstract class to store the following attributes common to Network
Component features.
Elevation The elevation, above mean sea level, of the network component in meters.
Life Cycle Status Indicates the present status of the Network Component feature. The value of this
attribute is extracted from a value domain that includes the following options: Active
(default), Abandoned, App. Design, Decommissioned, FAC, PAC, Proposed, Removed,
Standby, Temporary, To be transferred, Under Commission, Under Construction,
Warranty
System Valve A System Valve is a device that is installed on the distribution line to control and
regulate the flow of water in the distribution system. A system valve can be used to
manipulate flows and pressures throughout the distribution system by partially opening
and closing its mechanism.
Subtype See Table 14 for list of subtypes.
Hydrant A hydrant is a water facility installed on the distribution system as a fire fighting
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 19 of 25
mechanism. In addition, hydrants are also being used to sample, drain and flush the
distribution network as per requirement.
Subtype See Table 15 for list of subtypes.
Tank A Tank is a container with a defined storage capacity, where the volume of stored water
can vary with time.
Length M The length of the tank, in meters.
Width M The width of the tank, in meters.
Height M The height of the tank, in meters.
Nominal Diameter M The nominal diameter of the tank, if applicable, in meters.
Subtype See Table 16 for a list of subtypes.
Air Control Valve A valve that allows the release of air in the system, through a closed throttle plate,
permitting the system to idle.
Subtype See Table 17 for a list of subtypes.
Table 15: Subtype for Water Distribution System Valve
Ball A valve in which the water is regulated by a ball moving relative to a spherical socket
as a result of water pressure and the weight of the ball. Ball valves are quick opening,
full flow valves, needing only a quarter of a turn to be fully open. A ball with a non-
restricting port rides in a valve body on plastic non-sticking seats. Ball valves can
provide a bubble tight seal. The ball valve can be used for full flow and control
functions on retorts.
Butterfly A valve that utilizes a rotating disk element to regulate flow in a pipe.
Washout A valve at the low point of a pipeline to allow drainage of the line.
Gate A valve with a disk-shaped closing element that fits tightly over an opening through
which water passes.
Globe A valve that regulates flow in a pipeline. It is comprised of a movable disk-type part
and a ring seat in a generally spherical body. Globe valves are extensively used for the
control of flow and where positive shut off is required. This is a free discharge valve
that is designed to regulate flow from reservoirs and dams. This valve is commonly
used as a turbine bypass valve, reservoir drain, or continuous discharge flow control
valve.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 20 of 25
Non Return This is a one-way valve for preventing flowing down back into the cask.
Ball Float A dual metal seated valve used for shutoff and control in scaling, plating, high pressure
drop, and digester blow down applications. The floating ball ensures tight, bi-
directional shutoff and the highest possible flow rates.
Table 16: Subtype for Water Distribution Hydrant
Pillar A column hydrant structure of which fire hoses may connect to an outlet from a water
main.
Underground A structure of which fire hoses may connect to an underground outlet from a water main.
Table 17: Subtype of Water Distribution Tank
Underground A storage tank that is situated below the surface of the ground.
Ground A storage tank that is situated on the ground.
Hill Top A storage tank that is situated on the top of a hill, either natural or man-made.
Elevated Tower A storage tank that has been lifted up by a supporting structure.
Tower A storage tank that has been lifted up by a supporting structure.
Ground Reservoir A reservoir that has a grade level equal to the ground level.
Underground Reservoir A reservoir that has a maximum level equal to the ground level.
Table 18: Subtype of Air Control Valve
Air Control A valve that is used to let air leave through a closed throttle plate, allowing the system to idle.
Air Release A valve used to release air from a water pipe or fitting.
Altitude A valve that adjusts the composition of the air mixture admitted into the system as the air density
varies with altitude.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 21 of 25
7.2.2 Water Line Features
The water distribution conduit constitutes the assorted types of pipes used in the distribution
of water. The main function of the pipeline network is to convey water from the transmission
company or Well fields to the consumers.
Table 19 Data Dictionary for Water Line features of Water Distribution network
Water Line This is an abstract class to store the following attributes common to Water Line
features.
Pipe Diameter mm The nominal diameter of the pipe in (mm). This value is extracted from a value
domain that includes the various diameter sizes.
Life Cycle Status Indicates the present status of the pipe. The value of this attribute is extracted from a
value domain that includes the following options: Active (default), Abandoned, App.
Design, Decommissioned, FAC, PAC, Proposed, Removed, Standby, Temporary, To
be transferred, Under Commission, Under Construction, Warranty
Gravity Pipe A Gravity Pipe is a pipe used for the transportation of water from tanks to other
destinations through the use of gravity.
Subtype See Table 20 for list of subtypes.
Main Pipe The Main Pipe is a type of distribution pipe that transports the water from the source
to the sector mains and primarily runs along major roads and supplies water to
several sectors.
Subtype See Table 21 for list of subtypes.
Sector Main Pipe This is a type of Pressurized Main Line that transports water from the Pressurized
Ring Main to the Service Lines that exist within the sectors.
Subtype See Table 22 for list of subtypes.
Service Line The Service Line is a type of a water conduit that supplies any customer with water
by connecting the customer’s premises with the main network.
Subtype See Table 23 for list of subtypes.
Casing A Casing is a type of protection structures that surrounds or encloses a water line in
order to protect it from physical damage or contamination.
Material The type of material the casing is made of. The types are extracted from a value
domain that includes the following options: Cast Iron, Concrete, Steel, GRP and
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 22 of 25
Other.
Subtype See Table 17 for list of subtypes.
Table 20: Subtype for Water Distribution Gravity Pipe
In-line Storage A pipe connecting tanks within the pump station, by gravity.
Transport Pipe A pipe that conveys water from one tank to another over long distances, by gravity.
Drain A pipe that carries off surface water.
Washout A pipe carrying the residual water in the tank to a drain, during the emptying of the
tank.
Outfall A drainage pipe that discharges water into the sea or river.
Overflow Pipe protruding above the surface of a liquid in a container, to control the height of
the liquid. The excess liquid enters the pipe’s open end and drains away, to washout
pipe.
Storm Drain A drain which conducts storm surface, water drainage to a discharge point.
Suction A pipe that carries water from the tanks to a suction header pipe, in a pumping
station. The suction pipe equalizes the head as it is collected off different tanks.
Suction Header A pipe that carries the conveyed water from the suction pipe to the pumps, in a
pumping station. The suction header pipe equalizes the pressure of the collected water
prior it entering the pumps.
Inlet A gravity pipe that is used to input water into a water network component.
Outlet A gravity pipe that is used to output water from a water network component.
Gravity feed pipe Water Distribution Pipeline that transports the water through difference in grade from
an elevated tank.
Table 21: Subtype for Water Distribution Main Pipe
Pressurized Main A pressurized main that is usually laid outside sectors and runs mainly in one
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 23 of 25
direction, as opposed as running in loops around sectors.
Pipe Bridge A segment of the Pressurized Ring Main pipe that becomes exposed and rises above
the ground.
Road Crossing A segment of an underground Pressurized Ring Main pipe that crosses a road.
Bypass A pipeline within the Pressurized Ring Main that acts as an alternate flow route for a
pipe, if a segment ahead is malfunctioning.
Header A pipe that collects pressurized water, which has been discharged off a set of pumps,
from a series of pipes and propels it into the Pressurized Ring Main. The main
function of the header pipe is to equalize the pressure of the water that has been
collected off the discharged water.
Pressurized Ring Main A pressurized main that is laid around the sectors. It feeds the sector mains.
Pressurized Inlet A pressurized pipe that is used to input water into a water network component.
Pressurized Outlet A pressurized pipe that is used to output water from a water network component.
Gathering Line A pipe that gathers water from different sources (e.g. wells)
Table 22: Subtype for Water Distribution Sector Main Pipe
Sector Main A pressurized pipeline that transports water within the sectors to the service lines.
Sector Bypass A pipeline within the sector that acts as an alternate flow route for a pipe, if a segment
ahead is malfunctioning.
Sector Pipe Bridge A segment of a pipeline within a sector that becomes exposed and rises above the
ground.
Sector Road Crossing A segment of an underground sector pipe that crosses a road.
Table 23: Subtype for Water Distribution Service Line
Feed Pipe A service pipe that connects the Common Connection or Service Pipe to the
consumer’s property. The Feed pipe and the Common Connection/Service Pipe
connect at the Service Valve Chamber.
Common Connection A service pipe that is tapped from the sector main and connects to the Service Valve
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 24 of 25
Chamber. This pipe is used in cases when many house connections are being supplied
from the same tap point.
Service Header A service pipe that is usually found in cases when several connections are required for
the same property. The header pipe equalizes the pressure within the pipes, to supply
a uniform pressure for all the connections.
Service Pipe A service pipe is tapped to the water distribution main and is laid to the service valve.
7.2.3 Network Structure Features
Table 24 Data Dictionary for Network Structure of Water Distribution network
Network Structure This is an abstract class to store the following attributes common to Network Structure
features.
Life Cycle Status Indicates the present status of the Network Structure feature. The value of this attribute
is extracted from a value domain that includes the following options: Active (default),
Abandoned, App. Design, Decommissioned, FAC, PAC, Proposed, Removed, Standby,
Temporary, To be transferred, Under Commission, Under Construction, Warranty
Water Structure A Water Structure is a type of water feature that consist of large features that are used
to house or logically group other equipment in the water system.
Name The name or type of the water structure.
Subtype See Table 25 for a list of Water Structure types.
Chamber Chamber is a structure constructed to protect or to contain a physical component of the
water distribution network.
Length M The length of the chamber, in meters.
Width M The width of the chamber, in meters.
Depth M The depth of the chamber, in meters.
Casing A Casing is a type of protection structures that surrounds or encloses a water line in
order to protect it from physical damage or contamination.
Material The type of material the casing is made of. The types are extracted from a value domain
that includes the following options: Cast Iron, Concrete, Steel, GRP and Other.
AD-SDI DATA CONTENT STANDARD, Utility-Water, Version 1.0
Page 25 of 25
Subtype See Table 26 for list of subtypes.
Table 25: Subtype for Water Structure in Water Distribution
Water Storage Facility A large container for holding or storing a water.
Well Fields A supply of water produced out of a hole in the earth to reach a supply of water.
Pump Station A building in which two or more pumps operates to supply fluid flowing at
adequate pressure to a distribution system.
Storage Basin An area drained by a given stream and its tributaries.
Desalination Plant A facility that removes the salt from the water produced by the wells.
Treatment Plant A facility that purifies water to make it suitable for drinking or for any other use.
Tanker Filling Station A facility that supplies water tankers with drinkable water.
Table 26: Subtype for Casing in Water Distribution
Casement A protective cover that surrounds the water pipeline, used primarily in situations when
the pipeline is underneath a road or in cases where the pipe is at a very shallow depth.
Sleeve A cylindrical protective casing designed to fit over the length of the pipeline.
Protective Tunnel A protective hollow structure that may contain up to several pipes running along
within the structure.
Access Tunnel An accessible underground tunnel structure that contains water or other utilities that
may be running through.
Duct A protective structure that encases a pipeline. It is usually placed underneath road
crossings.
Slab Concrete slab