Activities of Nuclear Damage Compensation...

Unauthorized reproduction prohibited. All rights reserved ©Nuclear Damage Compensation and Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation

Nuclear Damage Compensation and Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation

Activities of

Nuclear Damage Compensation &

Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation (NDF)

June 3, 2015

Yasuharu Igarashi Executive Director

Nuclear Damage Compensation &

Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation (NDF)

Unauthorized reproduction prohibited. All rights reserved

©Nuclear Damage Compensation and Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation

Road Map Revised

2015

Chronology

2

Cold Shutdown 2011.12.16

1st Road Map 2011.12.26

Road Map Revised

2012.12.26

ALPS Troubles 2014.05~

Contaminated Water Troubles

mid-2013~

Road Map Revised

2013.06.27

IRID 2013.08.01

NDF 2014.08.18

Change of Administration

2012.12

Emergency Response

Headquarters

Inter-Ministerial Council

for Contaminated Water and

Decommissioning

2011 2012 2013 2014

TEPCO D&D Co. 2014.04.01

2011.03.11

Government

Roadmap and Strategic Plan

Troubles

TEPCO

Emerging Entities

Policy

Strategy

R&D

Site Operation

2015

Strategic Plan

2015.04.30

IRID: International Research Institute for Nuclear Decommissioning



Technology and Strategic Support

Decommissioning Policy

(Road Map)

Secretary=ANRE

R&D Plan

“Strategic Plan” R&D Plan

IRID Implementation of

R&D On-site

Decommissioning

JAEA

Inter-Ministerial Council

Government of Japan

Team for Decommissioning and Contaminated water

NDF

Delivery of Decommissioning

Tech. Development

TEPCO

Roles of Bodies for in Fukushima Daiichi Plant Decommissioning



As an organization of experts in a variety of technological fields, NDF develops a mid-and-long term technical strategy “The Strategic Plan” through the cooperation with external experts.

● Technology experts in NDF’s decommissioning

department (about 30 experts)

- Plant engineering - Robotics - Civil engineering and architecture - Materials, analysis, monitoring - Fuel and nuclear reactor

engineering ● Experts from external organizations (universities,

JAEA and other research institutions)

<Decommissioning Strategy Board>

1st

2nd

3rd

Aug. 21, Thu Sep. 30, Tue Oct. 28, Tue*

6th Jan. 28, Wed 7th Feb. 23, Mon* 8th Mar. 26, Thu 9th Apr. 16, Thu 4th Dec. 4, Thu

5th Jan. 6, Tue * With the participation of four international

special advisors. <Expert Committee> ・Fuel Debris Retrieval Expert Committee

1st

2nd

3rd

Oct. 20, Mon Nov. 26, Wed Dec. 22, Mon

4th Jan. 19, Mon 5th Feb. 13, Fri 6th

Mar. 18, Wed

・Waste Management Expert Committee

1st

2nd

Nov. 26, Wed Dec. 25, Thu

4th Feb. 25, Wed 5th Mar. 30, Mon

3rd Jan. 26, Mon

Intensive Workshop type Meetings have held repeatedly among ANRE, TEPCO and IRID under the Lead of NDF on specific Issues.

Development of “The Strategic Plan” by NDF

4



5

(i) Appoint overseas experts International Special Advisors and invite them to the Decommissioning Strategy Board Meeting.

(ii) Participate in international frameworks such as IAEA and OECD/NEA. (iii) Develop a cooperative relationship with overseas organizations.

Dr. Rosa Yang EPRI Fellow, Nuclear Power, U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Dr. Mike Weightman Former Chief Executive, the Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR) Mr. Paul Dickman Senior Policy Fellow, U.S. Argonne National Laboratory Mr. Christophe Behar Director of Nuclear Energy Division, Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (France) (CEA)

International Relationship

NDA (UK) CEA (France)

Cooperative Agreement International Special Advisors

http://www.ndf.go.jp/higyomu/kyotei_img/20150224_1.jpg

http://www.ndf.go.jp/higyomu/kyotei_img/20150224_2.jpg



6

Strategic Plan for the Decommissioning of TEPCO’s

Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station



・Goals and policies presented by the Government ・Key elements of strategies, policies and plans determined by the Government

・Delivery of Decommissioning by TEPCO and research institutions (field work, engineering, R&D)

Strategic Plan

Mid-and-Long Term Roadmap

Implementation Plans

Strategic Plan and Mid-and-Long Term Roadmap

7

・Strategic Plan identifies the issues, ways how to address them and action plans for the most important challenges in terms of the technical judgment for 1) Fuel debris retrieval and 2) Waste management, embracing the organizations involved.



Guiding Principles for the Strategic Plan

8

Principle The decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is

a continuous risk reduction activity to protect people and the environment from the risk of radioactive materials, resulting from severe accident.

A risk reduction strategy along a mid- to-long-term timeline will be designed in the Strategic Plan.

5 Guiding Principles for Risk Reduction Principle 1: Safe Reduction of risks caused by radioactive materials*

and work safety

(*Environment impact and exposure to workers)

Principle 2: Proven Reliable and flexible technology

Principle 3: Efficient Effective utilization of resource

(human, capital, money, and space etc.)

Principle 4: Timely Awareness of time axis

Principle 5: Field Oriented Emphasize actual place, actual parts and actual

situation



Risk Reduction in Strategic Plan

(i) Risk of radioactive materials

Risk = level of effect x likelihood of loss of containment function

(ii) Level of effect Level of effect = level of activity x

physical state (solid, liquid or gas)

(iii) Likelihood of loss of containment function

Likelihood of loss of containment function = possibility of occurrence of the factor x vulnerability of the facility

Likelihood of loss of containment function

(ⅳ ) How to reduce risk Move radioactive materials to a safer and more stable facility. - Reduce the degree of effect. Decay of radioactivity and change in the physical state. - Reduce the likelihood of loss of containment function.

De

gre

e o

f ef

fect

(Haz

ard

po

ten

tial

)

Used Absorbent

Column

Solid Waste

Waste Sludge

Risk necessitating long term actions

Fuel debris Risk necessitating utmost preparation and technics for safer conditions

Fuel in pool

Risk necessitating quick actions

Contaminat ed-water

in buildings, tanks and trenches

Risk Reduction



Risks to be addressed safely, effectively and carefully with thorough preparations & technologies to realize more stable condition

Minimizing risk of radio-active materials

Risks to be addressed as expeditiously as possible

Risks to be addressed on a long-term basis

Contaminated water

Fuel in pool Fuel debris

Risk reduction of fuel debris

Radioactive Solid waste

Risk reduction of waste

Fuel Debris Retrieval

– Develop a workable scenario for fuel debris retrieval assuming several methods (submersion, dry) and a combination of the methods, taking into account the status of each Unit.

Waste Management

– Develop a policy for storage management, processing and disposal from a mid-to- long-term perspective, based on the principles for safe waste disposal and appropriate waste processing.

Logic Tree Diagram Regarding Risk Reduction

10

Secondary waste



Submersion Image on condition that the removal of core internals above fuel debris has finished.

Three Priority Methods of Fuel Debris Retrieval

Partial submersion top access

Image on condition that the removal of core internals above fuel debris has finished.

Partial submersion side access

Image on condition that RPV pedestal exterior component inside PCV and the interference have been removed.

Road towards Fuel Debris Retrieval (Reference)

Time

Concept investigation

Understanding the plant and reactor conditions

Concept study

FS/Concept design

Basic/detail design

Technical Maturity*1

(TRL)

Selection of retrieval method

Securing accessibility (Decontamination, etc.)

Safety requirement (regulatory requirement)

Element test

Practical application/ verification test

Mock up and training

Preparation work

Screening

Prioritization

Safety Resource Site

Fuel debris Retrieval work

Prerequisite

High

12 Unauthorized reproduction prohibited. All rights reserved


Low

Equipment System performance guarantee

Decision of method

Start fuel debris retrieval

*1 The vertical axis does not represent the individual technology but an image of the technical maturity of the overall retrieval system.

Critical technology Important performance requirements



<Objective>

Risk reduction of the waste

Storage

management

Development of

necessary regulations **

Treatment and

disposal *

Characterization and

inventory estimation

Analysis

Applicability of

existed disposal

concept

Reduction of

generating waste

Ensuring

safety

Segregation storage

according to the doses

and property for exposure reduction

Investigation of new

disposal concept

Pretreatment Treatment Conditioning Control of materials and

equipment bringing

into the site

Reuse of

Materials and

equipment

Volume

reduction

treatment

Stabilization

treatment Recycle

* : HP SW-1 (2017) Fundamental policies of treatment and disposal

HP SW-2 (2021) Prospect of the safety of treatment and disposal

**: To be performed after the HP SW-2.

Structure of Strategic Plan for Waste Management

Disposal concept

according to waste

characteristics

Treatment

consistent with

disposal

Data evaluation

(Modeling)



Basic Concept for Ensuring Safety for Radioactive Waste Disposal

NDF has reviewed relevant world’s standards for waste management. GSR-part5 and SSR-5 of IAEA are important references.

To contain the waste

To isolate the waste from the accessible biosphere and to reduce substantially the likelihood of, and all possible consequences of, inadvertent human intrusion into the waste

To inhibit, reduce and delay the migration of radionuclides at any time from the waste to the accessible biosphere

To ensure that the amounts of radionuclides reaching the accessible biosphere due to any migration from the disposal facility are such that possible radiological consequences are acceptably low at all times

To control the release of radioactive materials to ensure that their concentrations without having do not have significant health effects

Approaches to the radioactive waste treatment are also developed.



Policy of Waste Management

Storage management Reduction of volume generated

Reduction of carry-in materials

Considerations on the secondary waste

Storage management

Plan for storage management

Storage management plan for the waste generated from fuel debris retrieval

Waste Treatment & Disposal

Understanding of waste properties

Waste sampling plan

Analysis ability for understanding of waste properties

Treatment and disposal methods according to the characteristics of the waste at the Fukushima Daiichi NPS

Study on treatment and disposal methods

Classification management and history information management

Regulatory system



Basic research

Fundamental research

Application development

Practical application

IRID

JAEA

Universities/Research Institutes

METI - Decommissioning and contaminated water management

fund (subsidy for R&D projects) - Research center facilities development project

JAEA - Fundamental and basic research by Government funding

- Fundamental and basic research

MEXT - Fundamental research and HRD program - Nuclear Science and strategic fundamental research

program

- Onsite needs/ requirements

- Regulatory requirements

- Performance guarantee

- Basic founding - New idea for

breakthrough - HRD/ education

- Specific research facility/equipment Fundamental data

- Application of new technologies/system

- Equipment and device development

- Demonstration - Data for safety

Knowledge researchers

It is important to facilitate interaction and communication among researchers and engineers involved in a series of R&D initiatives.

TEPCO

Overall Diagram of R&D Activities



R & D Activities

R&D facilities (JAEA)

Mock-up test facility

Radioactive materials analysis and research facility

International joint research center for decommissioning

Fundamental Research Activities

JAEA & other research organizations

Universities

Development and securing of human resource

Mock-up test facility

Analysis & R&D facility

Overhead crane (2)

1/8-sector test Rubble assembly

Remote-controlled equipment demonstration test area

PCV repair demonstratio n

test area

Barrier

Water tank for testing

Mock-up stairs Motion capture area

Slope Annex

building

Camera (16)

Remote- controlled equipment

Demonstration

test

International joint research center for decommissioning

2014 FY 2016 FY 2015 FY 2017 FY & onward

△

○ Strategic Plan development/follow- up/revision

■ Initial plan Revision Revision

Products of research & development (data acquisition, assessment method, etc.)

appropriate Requirements for scenario

・Technical feasibility

・Ease of field work

・Assurance of safety

・Risk assessment

Revision as

■

Field work/survey conducted

Example: a method for water leakage stoppage, integrity, a method for debris retrieval, fuel debris detection, waste-related activities

■

Future Development of the Strategic Plan

18 Unauthorized reproduction prohibited. All rights reserved


Strategic Plan is living document !



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