Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application · PDF fileActive Earth Fault...
Transcript of Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application · PDF fileActive Earth Fault...
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Dr. Jörg Janning
May 2004May 2004
APCG / / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT
05.2004 2APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Content
� Medium Voltage 3-Level GTO Phase Module� Active Earth Fault Compensation (RCC)
(Residual Current Compensation)– Motivation and Operation Principle– RCC Converter for DB Energie– Measurement Results
� Standardized Static Frequency Converters (SFC)– Concept and Assembly– 120 MW Substation
� Conclusion
05.2004 3APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
0V V
-–12
ud–12
ud
1 ~2 16 Hz2
3
3 x 4QC
50 Hz3 ~
3 6 8
4 x 4QC
1 ~2 16 Hz2
3
3 x PM
50 Hz3 ~
3 3
3 x 4QC 3 x 4QC
3 x PM
Typical Applications of the 3-Level Phase Module (ALSPA VDM7000)
50 Hz3 ~
3 3 3 M 4
3-Level Phase Module(PM)
Three-Level Voltage Source Converter Drive[18 MVA]
Back-to-Back Converter[18 MVA]
Back-to-Back Converter[9 MVA]
Three-Level Voltage Source Converter Drive[9 MVA]
6 modules
12 modules
7 modules
14 modules
4 x PM 3 x PM
3 x 4QC
50 Hz3 ~
3 6 6 M
3 x 4QC
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
05.2004 4APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
principle schematic
Medium Voltage 3-Level GTO Phase Module
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Traces of the output potentials of two phase modules of the 4QC and the resulting output voltage uAB = vA - vB
vA
vB
uAB
ud
- ud
0
0- – ud
12
– ud12
0- – ud
12
– ud12
βA1
βA2αA1
αA2
αA3 αA4 αA5 αA6
αAi
βA3 βA4 βA5 βA6
π 2π
2ππ
αBi
δB6 δB5 δB4 δB3
δB2
δB1
2ππi(α)
αAi/
αBi/
αAi:=βAi−π/
αBi:=2π−γBi/
αBi:=π−δBi
α
α
α
γB1
γB4 γB3
γB2
γB6 γB5
Phase Module(ALSPA VDM7000)
Pulse frequency of the GTO: 150 Hz (up to 250 Hz with derating)� 3 pulses per fundamental harmonic for the 50 Hz converter � 6 switching angles available for pulse pattern optimization
0V
ud1
-ud2
V
05.2004 5APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Classical approach for power transmission grids
� Resonant grounded systems with arc-suppression coils (Petersen coil) � self extinguishing arcs in case of line to ground faults� power transmission not affected by earth faults
Problems
� Cable faults, harmonics, large grids with high damping� high currents at the fault location: danger to life, danger of fire
Solution
� Active compensation of residual currents with VSI feeding the neutral system of the transmission grid
Motivation of the Residual Current Compensation
05.2004 6APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
d + j ⋅ v
- k
U
UNE =
B10+B20+B30
G10+G20+G30+G0d =Damping factor:
Tuning factor:
Symmetry factor:
Neutral voltage:
Neutral
Line 1
U30URCC
Y10
Y0
Earth
Line 2
Line 3
a²U
U10
RCC
I0
Y F
IF
IRCC
UNE
~
~
~aU
U
U20~Y20 Y30
B10+B20+B30
B10+B20+B30+B0v =
k =B10+B20+B30
Y10+a2⋅Y20+a⋅Y30
Principle of the Residual Current Compensation
Target of RCC: IF = 0� RCC needs to move potential of line 1 to earth potential ( URCC = UNE = U )� current of the RCC: IRCC = U × k - U × (d + j ν)
05.2004 7APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Residual Current Compensation for DB Energie (Borken)
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
� 18.500 km of 110 kV lines, 2AC 16.7 Hz (DB and ÖBB)
� Active power of 5.5 MW according to the damping of the grid
� Compensation of 3rd, 5th, 7th Harmonic and 50 Hz components
� ALSPA VDM7000 medium voltage 3-level converter
05.2004 8APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
400 V50 Hz
50 Hz11 kV
16.7 Hz
2
1
Residual Current Compensation for DB Energie
resistor with DC-chopper
rectifier
50 Hz transformer
Four-quadrant converter (4QS) � 2 phase modules DC link capacitors, 33.3 Hz and 66.6 Hz filter circuits
16.7 Hz transformer
05.2004 9APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Test conditionsIsland grid fed by two 55 MVA Generators:500 km of overhead lines + simulation of 1400 km overhead lines by capacitors
Simulated faults� Earth fault with low impedance
– short circuit of 110 kV busbar to ground� Earth fault with high impedance
– tree contact– breaking of an overhead line
� Cable fault
Residual Current Compensation for DB EnergieField Tests
05.2004 10APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
~~
~
VSI
Line 1
Line 2
U12
U20 U10
Generator(55 MVA)
IF
UNE
Residual Current Compensation for DB EnergieTest Conditions
05.2004 11APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Tree contact Fault detection 1.5 s
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
IF
U12
U10
UNE
U20
RCC - Measurement of High Impedance Fault (caused by tree)
RCCoff
RCCon
RCCoff
RCCon
RCCoff
RCCon
RCCon
05.2004 12APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
BeforeFault
RCCoff690ms
RCCon
2,75s
RCCoff 6.3 s
RCCon
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
IF
U12
U10
U20
UNE
RCC - Measurement of Cable Fault
05.2004 13APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
intermitting arc
current measurement
RCC - Field Tests
05.2004 14APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
RCC - Compensation of Cable Fault
05.2004 15APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
� Proven method in medium voltage applications� First high voltage application has passed realistic field tests and is
ready for full operation � Higher safety due to self-extinguishing arcs and low voltages at the
fault location� Increased availability of power supply due to fault clearing without
power interruption� Compensation of fault currents even in case of cable faults, high
harmonics and a high damping in the grid� Detection and location of faults
Residual Current Compensation - Highlights
05.2004 16APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
30 MW60 MW
Concept of the standardized Static Frequency Converter (SFC)
ALSPA VDM70003 level GTO converter
for high power applications(9...18 MVA)
I C E
110 kV; 16.7 Hz
110 kV; 50 Hz
15 kV; 16.7 Hz
20 kV; 50 Hz
1~
3~
1~
3~
1~
3~
1~
3~SM
ASMASM
SM SM
ASM
SM
ASM
1~
3~
1~
3~
about 50...100 km
Application of the 3 level GTO converter ALSPA VDM7000
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
05.2004 17APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
V
20.5 kVbzw.30 kV50 Hz
Block diagram of standardized SFC type BAUM
400 V50 Hz
Four-quadrant converter (4QS) � 2 phase modules
15 kVresp.110 kV16.7 Hz
Rated power at the single phase end:18.5 MVAresp.15 MW (cos ϕ = 0.81) Precharge and
earthing system
DC link capacitors33.3 Hz filter circuits
Single phase transformerincluding filter circuit
Resistor with DC-chopper
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
UU
W
2
U1
3
4
05.2004 18APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
50 Hz transformer
16.7 Hz transformer
16.7 Hz transformer
50 Hz transfromer
1066
cm
640
cm
2100 cm
Ground plan
Side view
Resistors of DC chopper
air conditioning system
phase modules
control cubicle
transformeroil pits
capacitors of 33.3 Hz filter circuits
50Hz transformer including 2 reactors of 33.3 Hz filter circuits
Arrangement of the components in the modular container concept
(all components aredesigned for thetransportation via rail and standard road haulage)
heat exchanger(air / glycol water)
20 kV cable
110 kV line
heat exchanger(air / glycol water)
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
05.2004 19APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
Assembly of prefabricated modules of the back-to-back converter (BAUM) for railway applications within 4 days
1th.day prefabricated foundation of building and transformers with ready-made oil collecting pits.
2nd.day Erection of 16.7Hz transformer and 1. Container halve of converter room
3rd. and 4th. day Total view after assembling of SFC pilot type BAUM
16.7 Hz-Trafo
16.7 Hz-Trafo50 Hz-Trafo
Power part
05.2004 20APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Pilot of Standard Converter Type BAUM
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
05.2004 21APCG / 4JAN003_(IEEE_BAUM_RSK-Borken)_00EN.PPT / Dr.J.JANNING / Be
Active Earth Fault Compensation and Railway Application of Medium Voltage Converters
120 MW SFC Converter Substation for Berlin - ThyrowHighlights� standardized units� pre-tested, portable� compliance with local line
requirements� adjustable power factor� high efficiency
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