ACTION 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES TO INTERCEPT … · Lorenzo Furlan, Maurizio Arduin, Veneto...

Achieving good water

quality status in intensive

animal production areas

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Progetto LIFE+ AQUA

INCONTRO DI

MONITORAGGIO

venerdì 18 febbraio 2011

Reggio Emilia

Lorenzo Furlan, Maurizio Arduin, Veneto Agricoltura, Italy

([email protected])

Bruna Gumiero, Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental

Science (BiGeA)

([email protected])

Maurizio Borin, Department of Agronomy Food Natural resources

Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università di Padova – Italy

([email protected])

ACTION 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL

MEASURES TO INTERCEPT

NUTRIENT POLLUTANTS FROM

FERTILISED FIELDS

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Key position in the process of water

quality improvement

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SITES

Milano mercoledì 21 marzo 2012 Maurizio Arduin – Veneto Agricoltura Legnaro (Padova)

LEGNARO

Phyto -depuration

MOGLIANO

Buffer strips

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Phyto-depuration site

Treatment of polluted water

by means of natural systems

based on presence of plants

wetland superficial flow: basin where

water has to flow very slowly so that the

interactions between water and plant-

soil system (that improve water quality)

is very high

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PHYTO-DEPURATION SITE • 12 plots of 3000 m2 with diferent soil

drainage system (subterranean

pipeline drainage , soil layout with

ditches) and management of water

table

• In the plot the rotation chosen is

implemented and slurry is distributed

at the dosage of 250 kg/ha of N per

year

• Drainage water flows to a common

wetland

• SAMPLES AND ANALYSES OF WATER

• At entrance and exit of the wetland

• At exit of the single plots in the period after

manure incorporation

• SAMPLES OF CROPS AND WETLAND

PLANTS

• SOIL SAMPLES in the beginning and in the end

of the experimentation in the wetland

Wetland

Meteorological

station

T – DC = controlled subsurface pipes

S - DC = ditches with drainage control

T = sub-surface pipes

S = ditches

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CONTROLLED SUBSURFACE PIPES

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PHYTO-DEPURATION

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Volumi drenaggio

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

08/1

1/2

010

28/1

1/2

010

18/1

2/2

010

07/0

1/2

011

27/0

1/2

011

16/0

2/2

011

08/0

3/2

011

28/0

3/2

011

17/0

4/2

011

07/0

5/2

011

27/0

5/2

011

16/0

6/2

011

06/0

7/2

011

26/0

7/2

011

15/0

8/2

011

04/0

9/2

011

24/0

9/2

011

14/1

0/2

011

Data

mm

Pioggia (mm)

S-DC

T-DC

T

S

Results 2011: controlled drainage (1)

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N tot

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

T S S-DC T-DC

Tesi

mg

L-1

Min Outlier Max Outlier

N tot

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

ott-1

0

nov-1

0

dic

-10

gen-1

1

feb-1

1

mar-1

1

Data

Kg

ha-1

S-DC T-DC T S

N APPLIED

250 kg ha-1 FROM SLURRY before ploughing + 25 kg ha-1 e

106 ha-1 in the growing season


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Treatementes dm (t/ha)

%N N

(kg/ha)

T 15,2 + -1,7 0,77 116

T-DC 14,8 + -2,6 0,90 132

S 15,7 + -1,5 0,93 147

S-DC 16,4 + -1,8 0,84 138

CONVENTIONAL DRAINAGE 15,5 ±1,5 0,85 132

CONTROLLED DRAINAGE 15,6 + -2,2 0,87 135

T 15,0 + -2,0 0,83 124

S 16,1 + -1,5 0,88 143


CORN SILAGE YIELD

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N tot

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

mg

L-1

Min Outlier Max Outlier

In Out

Results 2011: phyto-depuration

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Milano Martedì 20 novembre2012 Bruna Gumiero & Bruno Boz - Veneto Agricoltura Legnaro (Padova)

PHYTO-DEPURATION

PROTOCOL 2012

EVALUATION OF NITRATE DIRECTIVE DEROGATION

N INPUT

250 kg/ha of N applied as:

-Only animal slurry input

- only chemical input

- a mix organic 50% (pre-sowing) + chemical 50%rganic side

dressing

-ASSESSMENTS

-Crop yield and nitroogen uptake

-Nitrogen leaching

-Wetland performance

-

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BUFFER STRIPS

DIANA FARM:

• WP2+WP3 BUFFER STRIPS THAT UPTAKE NITROGEN AND OTHER NUTRIENTS ALONG WITH PESTICIDES BEFORE THEY REACH WATER BASIND OR TABLES

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Pilot farm Diana

Mogliano Veneto (Treviso)

WP 2 and 3

Field 1 current

Field 2 innovative

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Pilot farm Diana


Field 1 current Field 2

Innovative

Forest buffer strip: 40 m 10 plant rows 10 file

Arable soil

pathway

Parking site

Buffer strip (herbaceous and forest species)

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Pilot farm Diana


Field 1 current

Field 2

Innovative

10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2010 2011

10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2010 2011

170 N (liquid manure) 92 N (chemical nitrogen)

maize maize

170 N (liquid manure) 80 N (liquid manure during

growing season)

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Pilot farm Diana


Field1 current Campo 2

Innovative

10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2011 2012

10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2011 2012

170 N (liquid manure-

“ancoroni”)

92 N (chemical)

maize maize

50 N (liquid

manure”acquafert”)

80 N (liquame-copertura)

Rye grass


”barra”) 30 N (liquid manure-”barra”)

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Pilot farm Diana


Field1 current Field 2

Innovative

10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2012 2013

10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2012 2013


“ancoroni”)

92 N (chemical)

maize maize

50 N (liquid

manure”acquafert”)

80 N (liquame-copertura)

Rye grass


”barra”) 30 N (liquid manure-”barra”)

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THE

EXPERIMENTAL

SITE IN DIANA


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NO

NO

NO

YES


INTERCEPT WATER FLOW

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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME

1) Defining a conceptual model about the site hydrology

a) Soil profile and analysis

(texture)

0-80 cm:

Preferential flow ways

90 cm:

impermeable layer

Horizon Depth

Particle size TOC CaCO3 ks Bulk density

Sand Silt Clay

cm % % % m/d g/cm3

Ap1 0-50 13.0 58.5 28.5 1.0 10 3.4e-2 1.63

Ap2 50-80 11.3 53.5 35.2 0.6 3 5.9e-2 1.57

Bw 80-100 13.1 66.9 20.0 0.4 26 1.1e-1 1.57

Bk 100-120 8.3 66.7 25.0 0.4 41 8.2e-2 1.67

Ckg 120-140 4.2 69.1 26.7 0.3 45 8.3e-2 1.67


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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME


b) Slug test, measure of piezometric head and water level in the ditches F

low

dire

ctio

n


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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME


c) Use of tracers (Chloride,

Rodhammine…)

Done in an adjacent site

d) Tomography


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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME

2) The conceptual model about the site hydrology in LIFE+ AQUA sites

RAINFALL

RUNOFF RUNOFF

SUBSURFACE FLOW SUBSURFACE FLOW

80-90 cm

CONFINED WATER-TABLE -160 cm

Monitored riparian buffer

ET

DISCONTINUOUS

WATER TABLE (only

during rainfall or wet

seasons)


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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME

2) The conceptual model about the site hydrology in LIFE+ AQUA sites

Milano martedì 20 novembre2012 Bruna Gumiero & Bruno Boz Veneto Agricoltura Legnaro (Padova)

WATER TABLE LEVEL

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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME

3) How to monitor hydrological parameters

Fs = R-ET - ∆VWC - S

Fs = subsurface flow volumes

R= RAINFALL

ET=evapotranspiration

∆VWC = difference in soil water content

S= surface runoff

WEATHER STATION

and LAI FDR

MEASURE OF VOLUMES

BY SPECIFIC INSTRUMENT

In addition:

WATER TABLE LEVEL


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FIRST RESULTS

in soil water content

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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME

3) How to monitor chemical parameters

AFTER EACH RAINFALL EVENT:

water sampling from piezometers,

lysimeters, ditch and runoff ANALYSIS:

N-NO3

N-NH4

Norg

N tot

Cond

DO

Cl-

MASS

BALANCE:

V x [C] IN

V x [C] OUT


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EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME

3) How to monitor chemical parameters

OUT IN


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FIRST RESULTS

Nitrate content

ACTION 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES TO INTERCEPT … · Lorenzo Furlan, Maurizio Arduin, Veneto...

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Transcript of ACTION 3 - ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES TO INTERCEPT … · Lorenzo Furlan, Maurizio Arduin, Veneto...