Acid Rain and Its Impact

8/4/2019 Acid Rain and Its Impact

1/32

Introduction to

Acid Rain and Its Impact

Presented By: Prepared By:

Suman MaharjanSumit ShahUtsav Ashish KojuYuvraj Pandey

BEX:-A9Roll no. 38,39,42,43


2/32

Objectives

What is acid rain? How do we know if the rain is acid?

What causes acid rain (chemicalreactions)?

Where do the acid rain precursors comefrom?

How does acid rain affect the environment?

What can we do to protect our planet formacid rain?

2

2


3/32

Presentation Outline

Introduction to Acid Rain

Sources

Impact

Solution

Conclusion

Recommendation

References

3

3


4/32

4


5/32

Introduction to Acid Rain

Precipitated rain which is unusuallyacidic.

Posses low level of pH

Caused by mixture of sulphur dioxideand nitrogen oxides with water

5

5


6/32

6

Some falls back toEarth close to the

source as dry particles,gas and aerosols(dry deposition)

Reacts with sunlightand ozone; nitric(HNO3), andsulphuric acid(H2SO4) are produced It is dissolved in the

moisture in theatmosphere making

2H+ and SO42_

and can be carried largedistances before falling asrain or snow(wet deposition)

6


7/327

7


8/32

Introduction to Sox

Sox

Compounds of sulfur and oxygen molecules

Produced by burning fuels containing sulfuror natural sources such as volcanoes

Causes adverse impacts to vegetationincluding forest and agricultural crops

Damages freshwater lake and streamecosystems by lowering the pH of the water

8

8


9/32


10/32

The

Presen

tdayT

rut

Source: Columbia Universit surve 200410

10


11/32

TheP

resent

Day

Truth

11

11


12/32

SOURCES

12


13/32

Causes of Acid Rain

Fossil fuel combustion

Vehicle Emission

Industrial Emission

Coal Power Plant

13

13


14/32

Caused by Fossil Fuel

Fossil fuels are the natural resourceswhich take millions of years for itsformation.

Giga-tons of fossil fuels are usedyearly and only about the half part of itis absorbed by our atmosphere.

14

14


15/32

By Vehicle Emission

Burning petrol and oilin vehicle enginesgives off nitrogen

oxide. releases harmful

gases like sulphurdioxide, carbon

dioxide, carbonmonoxide fromvehicles.

15

15


16/32

By industrial Emission

Industries are mainsource ofenvironmental

pollution They give rise to

the level of sulphurdioxide and

Nitrogen inenvironment.

16

16


17/32

Coal Power Plant

Burning coal. Oil andnatural gas in powerstations gives offsulphur dioxide gas.

These gases mixwith water vapourand rainwater in theatmosphereproducing weak

solutions of sulphuricand nitric acids which fall as acidrain.

17

17


18/32

IMPACT

18


19/32

Impact of Acid Rain

On the plant

On the aquatic

On animals and birds.

On human beings.

On the constructions

19

19


20/32

Impact of Acid rain on aquatic life

Aluminum concentrationincreases due to acidrain.

The acidic waterdamages gills of fish

Acidity in water alsodamages the aquaticplants

Decline in population ofaquatic life

20

20


21/32

Impacts of Acid rain on Plants

Acidic rain of pH 4.6damages Seedlings

Aluminum toxicity

decline absorbingcapacity of roots

Amount of

chlorophyll declinesaffectingphotosynthesis ofplants

21

21


22/32

Monuments areeroded

Limestone andsandstonecorrodes due tosulfur

22

22Impacts of Acid rain onMonuments


23/32

results in layingdefective andporous egg

Affects in foodchain

Acidity in drinking

water affects healthof animals andbirds

Fig: Food ChainAll animals rely on one another byone way or the other and death of

one species brings adverse effectto the other.

23

23Impact of Acid rain on Animaland Birds


24/32

Impact on Human Beings

Various skin diseases

Respiratory diseases such as asthmadue inhale of sulfur content. Asthma,

along with dry coughs, headaches,and throat irritations can be caused bythe sulphur dioxides and nitrogen

oxides from acid rain. Contamination of water resources also

effects human health

24

24


25/32

REMEDIAL MEASURES

25


26/32

Solution to Check Acid rain

Sulphur dioxidecan be removedfrom powerstations chimneys

but this process isexpensive. Reduce the

amount ofelectricity

Use ofHydropower, windpower, solarpanels, tidal power

than diesel powerplants. 26

26


27/32

Fit catalyticconverters tovehicle exhaust.

Limit the number of

PRIVATE vehicleson the roads andincrease PUBLICtransport.

Strict Lawenforcement

27

27Solution to check Acid Rain[contd]


28/32

CONCLUSION

28


29/32

Results And Conclusion

Acid rain remains an acute problem in manyparts of the world and is threatened by the rapidindustrial development

Possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions

(low pH) and can have harmful effects on plants,aquatic animals, and infrastructures

Caused by emissions of sulfurdioxide and nitrogen oxides which react withthe water molecules of rain water in theatmosphere to produce acids

One of the major environmental problems,affecting the planet, that needs to and can becontrolled by various ways

29

29


30/32

Recommendation

30


31/32

Recommendation

The gases should be treated beforeemission in power plant and brickfactories

Scrubber should be used to minimizethe vehicle emission

Industries should be compelled totreat their waste before throwing them

out to atmosphere Strict Government Laws should be

passed and regular monitoring should

be done. 31

31


32/32

Thank You

Acid Rain and Its Impact

Documents

Transcript of Acid Rain and Its Impact