ACI 318ACI 318--0808Building CodeBuilding Code

Requirements for Structural Requirements for Structural ConcreteConcrete

October 27, 2009October 27, 2009

ICE BOATING

History1904 – "Joint Committee on Reinforced Concrete" established

with representatives from:American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTMAmerican Society of Civil Engineers - ASCEAmerican Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association (later to become AREA)Association of American Portland Cement Manufacturers (later to become PCA).

Initial funding came from the USGS. In the first years of existence the “Joint Committee”produced several drafts for a Concrete Code.

1905 - National Association of Cement Users founded (later to become ACI)

1904 – "Joint Committee on Reinforced Concrete" established with representatives from:

American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTMAmerican Society of Civil Engineers - ASCEAmerican Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association (later to become AREA)Association of American Portland Cement Manufacturers (later to become PCA).

Initial funding came from the USGS. In the first years of existence the “Joint Committee”produced several drafts for a Concrete Code.

1905 - National Association of Cement Users founded (later to become ACI)

History

1909 – ACI established a committee to develop a Concrete Code later to become ACI Committee 318.

1914 – The "Joint Committee on Reinforced Concrete" published a Concrete Design Code.

1920’s – Both the Joint Committee Requirements and ACI 318 Requirements coexist and become more similar as time passes.

1930’s – At the end of this decade ACI 318 Requirements become the single document in the US dealing with concrete design.

1909 – ACI established a committee to develop a Concrete Code later to become ACI Committee 318.

1914 – The "Joint Committee on Reinforced Concrete" published a Concrete Design Code.

1920’s – Both the Joint Committee Requirements and ACI 318 Requirements coexist and become more similar as time passes.

1930’s – At the end of this decade ACI 318 Requirements become the single document in the US dealing with concrete design.

Development of the ACI 318 flexural requirements

1914 - Both the Joint Committee Requirements and the National Association of Cement Users (later to become ACI) used WSD (Working Stress Design) in their codes.

1930’s – The Joint Committee and ACI requirements were merged in a single document named ACI 318 using WSD.

1956 - An Appendix was introduced in ACI 318 for USD (Ultimate Strength Design)

1914 - Both the Joint Committee Requirements and the National Association of Cement Users (later to become ACI) used WSD (Working Stress Design) in their codes.

1930’s – The Joint Committee and ACI requirements were merged in a single document named ACI 318 using WSD.

1956 - An Appendix was introduced in ACI 318 for USD (Ultimate Strength Design)

0.45f’c

Ts = fs As

M

Ts = fy As

φMn1963 - ACI 318-63 contained both WSD and USD

requirements and the designer could choose either method

1971 - ACI 318-71 was full USD and the WSD was sent to an Appendix

1963 - ACI 318-63 contained both WSD and USD requirements and the designer could choose either method

1971 - ACI 318-71 was full USD and the WSD was sent to an Appendix

Development of the ACI 318 flexural requirements

1989 – The name of ACI 318 is changed from “Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete” to “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete”.

1989 – The name of ACI 318 is changed from “Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete” to “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete”.

εc=0.003

Ts = fy As

φMn

1995 – The Unified Design Procedure is introduced as an Appendix.

– The Unified Design Procedure is made the procedure of the Code and the previous requirements become Appendix B.

– WSD is taken out completely from ACI 318

1995 – The Unified Design Procedure is introduced as an Appendix.

– The Unified Design Procedure is made the procedure of the Code and the previous requirements become Appendix B.

– WSD is taken out completely from ACI 318

20022002

εc=0.003

Ts = fy As

φMn

εt = strain in reinf. closest to tension face

RANDY POSTEN

318 COMMITTEE

ICE FISHING

318 318 --0808Meant to be used as a legally adopted Meant to be used as a legally adopted building codebuilding codeWritten in mandatory languageWritten in mandatory languageMinimum requirements for public Minimum requirements for public health and safetyhealth and safetyDeemed to satisfy ISO 19338:2007(E)Deemed to satisfy ISO 19338:2007(E)Does not replace sound engineering Does not replace sound engineering knowledge, experience, and judgmentknowledge, experience, and judgment

318 Does Not318 Does Not

Govern concrete piles, drilled piers Govern concrete piles, drilled piers unless in Seismic Design Categories unless in Seismic Design Categories D, E, and FD, E, and FGovern slabs on groundGovern slabs on groundGovern tanks and reservoirsGovern tanks and reservoirsGovern houses Govern houses –– ACI 332ACI 332

Becoming LawBecoming Law

Must be adopted in a State Building CodeMust be adopted in a State Building CodeFederal government does not Federal government does not adopt/enforce building codesadopt/enforce building codes

Minnesota State Building Code 2007

Chapter 1306 Adopts International Building CodeMINNESOTA BUILDING CODE

Chapter 1300 Administration of the State Building Code

Chapter 1301 Building Official Certification

Chapter 1302 Construction Approvals

Chapter 1303 Minnesota Provisions of the State Building Code

Chapter 1305 Adoption of the 2006 International Building Code

Chapter 1306 Special Fire Protection Systems (optional)

Chapter 1307 Elevators and Related Devices

Chapter 1309 Adoption of the 2006 International Residential Code

IBC 2006

Chapter 19 Adopts ACI 318

Section 1901General

1901.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the materials, quality control, design and construction of concrete used in structures.

1901.2 Plain and reinforced concrete. Structural concrete shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements of this chapter and ACI318 as amended in Section 1908 of this code. Except for the provisions of Sections 1904 and 1920, the design and construction of slabs on grade shall not be governed by this chapter unless they transmit vertical loads or lateral forces from other parts of the structure to the soil.

Chapter 19 Adopts ACI 318

ACI 318ACI 318--0808

Chapter 1 Chapter 1 –– General RequirementsGeneral RequirementsChapter 2 Chapter 2 –– Notation and DefinitionsNotation and DefinitionsChapter 3 Chapter 3 –– MaterialsMaterialsChapter 4 Chapter 4 ––Durability RequirementsDurability RequirementsChapter 5 Chapter 5 –– Concrete Quality, Mixing, and Concrete Quality, Mixing, and PlacingPlacingChapter 6 Chapter 6 –– Formwork, Embedments, and Formwork, Embedments, and Construction JointsConstruction Joints

ACI 318ACI 318--0808

Chapter 7 Chapter 7 –– Details of ReinforcementDetails of ReinforcementChapter 8 Chapter 8 –– Analysis and DesignAnalysis and Design--General General ConsiderationsConsiderationsChapter 9 Chapter 9 –– Strength and Serviceability Strength and Serviceability RequirementsRequirementsChapter 10 Chapter 10 –– Flexure and Axial LoadsFlexure and Axial LoadsChapter 11 Chapter 11 –– Shear and TorsionShear and TorsionChapter 12 Chapter 12 –– Development and Splices of Development and Splices of ReinforcementReinforcement

ACI 318ACI 318--0808

Chapter 13 Chapter 13 –– TwoTwo--Way Slab SystemsWay Slab SystemsChapter 14 Chapter 14 –– WallsWallsChapter 15 Chapter 15 –– FootingsFootingsChapter 16 Chapter 16 –– Precast ConcretePrecast ConcreteChapter 17 Chapter 17 –– Composite Concrete Flexural Composite Concrete Flexural MembersMembersChapter 18 Chapter 18 –– Prestressed Concrete Prestressed Concrete

ACI 318ACI 318--0808

Chapter 19 Chapter 19 –– Shells and Folded Plate Shells and Folded Plate MembersMembersChapter 20 Chapter 20 –– Strength Evaluation of Existing Strength Evaluation of Existing StructuresStructuresChapter 21 Chapter 21 –– EarthquakeEarthquake--Resistant Resistant StructuresStructuresChapter 22 Chapter 22 –– Structural Plain Concrete Structural Plain Concrete

ACI 318ACI 318--0808

Appendix A Appendix A –– StrutStrut--AndAnd--Tie ModelsTie ModelsAppendix B Appendix B –– Alternative Provisions for Alternative Provisions for Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Flexural and Compression MembersFlexural and Compression MembersAppendix C Appendix C –– Alternative Load and Strength Alternative Load and Strength Reduction FactorsReduction FactorsAppendix D Appendix D –– Anchoring to Concrete Anchoring to Concrete Appendix E Appendix E –– Steel Reinforcement Steel Reinforcement InformationInformation

Klein & HoffmanSixteen Story C-I-P HotelLow Seismic Area / No Special DetailingFlat Plate with Shear Walls and Perimeter BeamsMat Foundation

1st Case Study

Cagley & AssociatesSix Story C-I-P Parking GarageLow Seismic Area / No Special DetailingPost-Tensioned Beam and Slab for Gravity and LateralCaissons

2nd Case Study

S.K. Ghosh & Associates Six Story C-I-P Parking GarageHigh Seismic AreaGravity Post-Tensioned Beam and SlabSpecial Moment FramePiles

3rd Case Study

ICE PALACE

ACI 318ACI 318Reorganize and RewriteReorganize and Rewrite

ACI 318ACI 318--1414Member Member ––

based based organizationorganization

Goals for 318Goals for 318--1414

Easier to Locate Needed InformationEasier to Locate Needed InformationIntegrate Seismic with Other Detailing Integrate Seismic with Other Detailing RequirementsRequirementsIntroduce Building System BehaviorIntroduce Building System BehaviorIntroduce Performance CriteriaIntroduce Performance CriteriaExpand Analysis ApproachesExpand Analysis ApproachesIncrease Adaptability for InnovationsIncrease Adaptability for Innovations

Why Reorganize?Why Reorganize?

Code Has Tripled in Size Since 1971Code Has Tripled in Size Since 1971Member Detailing in Several ChaptersMember Detailing in Several ChaptersTakes Time to Understand Where Related Takes Time to Understand Where Related Information is LocatedInformation is LocatedSeismic is Stand AloneSeismic is Stand AloneInnovate Concepts Difficult to Innovate Concepts Difficult to ““Fit InFit In””

Goals for 318Goals for 318--1414

Easier to Locate Needed InformationEasier to Locate Needed InformationIntegrate Seismic with Other Detailing Integrate Seismic with Other Detailing RequirementsRequirementsIntroduce Building System BehaviorIntroduce Building System BehaviorIntroduce Performance CriteriaIntroduce Performance CriteriaExpand Analysis ApproachesExpand Analysis ApproachesIncrease Adaptability for InnovationsIncrease Adaptability for Innovations

THE WORDTHE WORD"SUSTAINABILITY" "SUSTAINABILITY"

DOES NOT APPEAR IN THE DOES NOT APPEAR IN THE 318 CODE318 CODE