ACE Module 3 Client Trainer Relationshi - Exercise ETC · What is your BEST course of action? A....

(C) 2011 by Exercise ETC Inc. All rights reserved. 1

Welcome!ACE Personal Trainer

Exam Review: Module 3

Laura Abbott, MS, LMT• Master’s Degree, Sports

Medicine • Licensed Massage Therapist • Undergraduate degree in

Exercise Science • Instructor of Kinesiology,

Georgia State University • ACE Certified Personal Trainer• Guest speaker at Atlanta area

massage schools and at the Georgia State University Physical Therapy department.

• Owner of Premier Performance, Atlanta, GA

What We’ll Cover

• Chapters 13 & 14 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (3rd ed)

• Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5 & 13 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (4th ed)


Section 3:The Client/Trainer

Relationship

It All Starts with Rapport

A relationship of mutual respect characterized by:

Empathy

Warmth

Genuineness

Interviewing

– Directly question the client

• Avoid biased questions

• Stick to: “Who, What, Where, Why, When, How”

– Dependent on client’s memory, honesty and comfort with the questioner


Cultural & Ethnic Differences

• Different cultures & ethnicities have different attitudes towards eating, exercise & physical attractiveness.

• Learn all you can about these differences

• Do not be judgmental or superior

Psychological & Other Factors that Influence Communication

• Body image

• Body size

• Self esteem

• Comfort level with the trainer

• Eating disorders

• Age, gender &

other factors

2011: The first boomersturn 65!

Personal Trainer Roles

• Teacher

• Coach

• Advisor

• Supporter

• Counselor

• Negotiator


Attending Behaviors

• Posture

Attending Behaviors

• Positioning

Attending Behaviors

• Mirroring


Attending Behaviors

• Eye Contact

Attending Behaviors

• Gestures

Attending Behaviors

• Environment


Body Language: 90% of all communication is non-verbal

Verbal Behaviors

• Ways by which we show our client we are interested in what they have to say

• Ways by which we encourage our client to feel free to engage in open communication

Minimal Encouragers

Brief words/syllables to show we’re listening

“Go on…”

“No way!”

“Get out of here!”

“How fascinating.”

“Then what happened?”


Paraphrasing

Restate the client’s words & feeling in your own way.

Client:

“I’ve been working so hard I’m exhausted. What am I doing trying to exercise today?”

Trainer:

“Sounds like you may be too tired to work out today.”

ProbingIndirectly trying

to get more information.

“I’m sure that must have upset you.”

“Let’s talk about this.”

“I’m wondering why you would say that.”

“Tell me what happened next.”

ClarifyingAn attempt to

understand spoken words.

“I’m confused about that last comment.”

“Are you saying that you’d rather do no cardio and all free weights?”

“Am I correct in thinking that you feel this is a waste of time?”

“What are you trying to tell me?”


InformingSharing factual

information. “Well, there are pros and cons to the Adkins diet.”

“I’ll explain the difference between a squat and a lunge.”

“Let me tell you about an alternative to free weights.”

“Here’s a better way to work your abs.”

SummarizingRecapping what has

been discussed or accomplished.

“Here’s how we’ll make this work.”

“Let’s summarize our goals,”

“We’ve had a good discussion; here’s what I’ll do & here’s what you’ll do.”

“As per our conversation, here’s a schedule for the next month.”

Questioning

Asking for a response.

Open Ended:

“What’s on your mind?”

“How is you knee feeling?”

Closed Ended:

“Are you feeling OK?”

“Does your knee feel better?”


ConfrontingProviding

feedback about a real or perceived conflict.

“We need to talk about this.”

“I feel as though you’re losing interest in exercise.”

“You’ve missed 4 of your last 5 sessions. Is there a problem?”

“I’ve heard what you said about me and I’m very angry.”

“I don’t understand what you want.”

Learning Styles

Visual Learner: Learns by SEEING

Auditory Learner: Learns by HEARING

Kinesthetic Learner: Learns by DOING

Tell-Show-Do: Combination of all 3 styles

Effective Feedback

• Four Components:– Specific

– Performance based

– Informative

– Immediate


Communication Technology

Stay in touch in the 21st Century Way!

• Websites

• E-mail

• Facebook

• Twitter

Adherence & Program Design

Adherence Stats

50% of all personal training clients will drop out within the first 6 months


Stress Is a Barrier to Adherence

• Major Stressors– Change in marital

status– Change to family

structure– Change in job status– Change in economic

status– Change in living

conditions

• Unhealthy Reactions– Overeating– Overdrinking– Self medication

• Healthy Reactions– Exercise– Meditation– Talk therapy– Professional help

Mind / Body Programs Can Improve Adherence

• What is a “Mind/Body” Program?

• “Physical exercise with a profound inwardly directed mental focus.”

-The IDEA Mind/Body Fitness Committee

East vs West

• Eastern Philosophy:

Mind & body are different parts of the same whole; one influences the other.

• Western Philosophy:

Mind & body are separate; they do not influence the other and are trained (and treated) independently.


Physiological Signs of Stress

• Heart pounding• Heart racing or beating

erratically• Back or shoulder pain• Cold, sweaty hands• Muscle tremors • Hands shaking• Headaches • Rapid, erratic, or

shallow breathing• Upset stomach, nausea,

or vomiting

• Shortness of breath• Asthma attack• Difficulty in speaking• Changes in appetite• Increased craving for

tobacco or sweets• Constipation• Diarrhea• Change in sleep

habits• Change in libido

Psychological Signs of Stress

• Inability to concentrate

• Feelings of frustration

• Inability to relax

• Undirected anger

• Feelings of sadness, futility

• Depression

• Abuse of alcohol, drugs, sex

Characteristics of Mind/Body Programs

• Emphasis is on quality, not quantity, of exercise

• Exercise is an opportunity for mental training, too

• Focus is on the technique, not the outcome

• Concentration on breathing connects mind & body

• Exercise is a joyful, intrinsic experience


Physiological Benefits of Mind/Body Programs

• Increased strength & flexibility

• Lowered blood pressure

• Increased bone density

• Improved lipid profile

• Improved glucose sensitivity

Psychological Benefits of Mind/Body Programs

• Better stress management

• Greater self-confidence

• Improved mood

• Increased endorphin levels

Mind/Body Techniques

• Some ways to make the mind & body work as a team.– Breathing techniques

– Meditation/mantra

– Body awareness control

– Body posture & alignment checks

– Relaxation techniques

– Visualization/ imagery


Other Barriers to Adherence• Too little time

– Schedule appropriately• Too little energy

– Encourage proper rest, nutrition, hydration

– Do not have them over exert at first

• Too little money– Be upfront about fees &

costes– Make your services

affordable– “Training is not an expense, it

is an investment.”

Self-Efficacy:

The client’s belief that they CAN succeed

Influencing Factors: Adherence

PersonalWithin the Client’s

psyche:

“I can’t do this”

“I don’t like this”


Adherence

ProgramHow the program is designed:

“This is too hard”

“This is fun!”

Adherence

EnvironmentalWhere the training occurs:

“This gym is dirty”

“The people are so snooty here”

Long Term

90 days or more

Short term:

90 days or less

The difference between a WISH & a Goal?

Goal Setting


S-M-A-R-T Goals

• Specific

• Measurable

• Attainable

• Relevant

• Time bound

Personal training at The Fountainbleu Spa,

Miami Beach, 1959.

Behavioral Contracts

• A written, (usually posted) listing of what the client WILL do

• Used for motivation

• Usually spells out adherence guideline

• Results in a reward for compliance & success!

For Discussion

Your client appears to be in a depressed mood. You adjust your posture, gestures and voice tone to theirs. This is known as:

A. Mirroring

B. Positioning

C. Gesturing

D. Environment


For Discussion

The teaching method that provides

your client with an auditory, visual and

kinesthetic experience is known as:

A. Modeling

B. Cognitive learning

C. Tell-Show-Do

D. Association

For Discussion

Approximately what amount of communication is non-verbal?

A. 50%

B. 60%

C. 80%

D. 90%

For DiscussionYour client has been very quiet and withdrawn.

Another trainer mentions that the client had once been treated for drug addiction and that she has probably relapsed. What is your BEST course of action?

A. Confront the client with the information and see how you can help

B. Contact the client’s husband and ask if she fell off the wagon

C.Thank your co-worker and document the information on the client’s workout card

D. Thank you co-worker for the information. At a non-threatening time say to the client, “You seem withdrawn to me. What can I do to help?”


For DiscussionYour client is 35, has 3 children & has been

working with you for 3 weeks. She tells you that her goal is to get back to the weight she was in before having her kids. Your BESTresponse?

A. “No problem. With hard work and perseverance anything is possible.”

B. “I’m not sure that’s a valid goal. I think we would be setting you up for disappointment.”

C. “That’s probably not a possibility”.D. “That’s an interesting goal. Before we do any

specific program planning, let’s talk about your life and why that goal is important to you right now.”

For Discussion

Which of the following is a physical barrier

to communication?

A. Your client makes no contact with you

B. Your client gives evasive answers

C. Your client is sitting behind a table

D. Your client speaks in monosyllables

For DiscussionYou are consulting with a new client. She is 42,

appears to be of average body weight and says she is coming to training because her husband tells her she is “getting too fat.” Your best response?

A. “Never mind what your husband says; do you think you are too fat?”

B. “Your husband may be right. How would that make you feel?”

C. “Fat is a relative term. If this were Renaissance Italy you’d be considered thin.”

D. “How about if we do some objective measurements to see your body composition and then we’ll talk?”


For Discussion

A benefit to completing a behavioral contract with your client is that:A. A written, signed document can help

adherenceB. If your client does not adhere you can sue

them more easilyC. A document posted in a conspicuous place will

guarantee better resultsD. The client will feel guilty if she does not stick to

the contract and misses a session

For Discussion

Behavioral contracts have been shown to increase:

A. Profits

B. Enjoyment

C. Rapport

D. Adherence

For Discussion

A well stated goal has these characteristics:A. Specific, measurable, action oriented, rewards, time tableB. Specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time frameC. Short term, measurable, achievable, realistic, timelyD. Short term, manageable, achievable, realistic, timely


For Discussion

A method of behavioral reinforcement that rewards appropriate behavior is also known as:A. ContractingB. ModelingC. Incentive planningD. Goal setting

For DiscussionWhich of the following is a well statedgoal for a previously sedentary 50-year-oldclient who currently weighs 350 pounds, hasa body fat of 55%, and a maximum METlevel of 8?

A. Perform a 5k run in 4 weeksB. Increase MET level to 12 in the next

4 weeksC. Decrease body fat by 1% in the next

4 weeksD. Increase walking to 60 minutes six

days a week within the next month

For DiscussionA member of your gym

has been participating in a standard exercise program; by the end of 6 months their chance of dropping out is:

A. 10%

B. 20%

C. 40%

D. 50%


For Discussion

A relationship of mutual trust, harmony or emotional affinity is called:

A. Rapport

B. Peer counseling

C. Behavioral bonding

D. Attending behavior

For Discussion

Your client is a wealthy, 54-year-oldfemale. Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to cause her to dropout of her exercise program?

A. The time of day she trainsB. Past exercise experiencesC. Her rapport with youD. The cost of the program

For Discussion

Which of the following best describes “empathy?”

A. You feel sorry for the client

B. You can identify with exactly what the client is experiencing

C. You feel superior to your client

D. You try to see your client’s world through their eyes


Before Your Next Class:

• Read chapter 5 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (3rd ed)

OR

• Read chapter 6 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (4th ed)

ACE Module 3 Client Trainer Relationshi - Exercise ETC · What is your BEST course of action? A....

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