Accident during early childhood

Chronic kidney diseaseChronic kidney disease

The type of accident

Motor vehicle injuryDrowingBurns and scalsSuffocation and chokingPoisoningFalls

Motor vehicle injury

motor vehicle accident death for children betweenthe age {1-9} years.

CausesThe child in this age unknown how to cross the

street alone and unknown how to choose the best place to cross the street.

Prevention by

• Hold the toddler hand when crossing street.• Not allow to children to play in the car or

leave alone in the car at any time.• Teach and explantation for child how pass

through street with see both side befor crossing street.

• Choose best place and safty from passing cars for playing child by foot ball or other plays.

DrowingChildren enjoy playing in the water which can be

dangerous for their lifeCauses• The child cannot swim and use safely

equpment when swiming• The parents leave the child alone when he in

the tub and when the parents cannot monitor the children when be near any source of water

Prevention by

• Teach the child to swim and use safely equipment when swiming.

• Empty wading pools when the child has finished .

• Stay or remain with in child at all time when he in the tub.

Prevention by

• Keep bathroom door closed especially when tub is filled.

• Monitor and supervise the children when near any source of water.

Burns and scaldsCauses In this age the child more

movment and need play for any object like matches and electrical and when the family neglected the electrical without put specially plastic cap cover so the children are dangerous.

Prevention by• Keep matches and lighter far away from

children reach.• Never leavechild in bathroom and check

temperature.• Put the hot drink or other thing likly it out

child reach.

Prevention {nursing care}

• Donnot allow to child play with electrical appliance.• Put especial plastic cap cover to

prevent electrical shockes.

Suffocation and chokingThe preschool or toddler loves the

children in this peroid to put any object especially if small objects in their mouth or play within cord or bags.

Nursing care• Donnot feed nuts or small candies to

toddler.• Avoid the bedcloth with constrective or

drawsting about neck.• Not allow to play with cordor other

things that may lead to prevent air to entering .

Prevention• Remove all small bone from fish and

chicken and the best donot allow him to eat alone the mother can feeding or give him these food.

• Not allow to child play with ballons that deflated may sucking in to the windpipe.

PoisoningcausesThe preschool age of children are more likly to eat unusual distatful substance they cannot understand the toxic effect suchas {drugs,gasoline,plants}.

Nursing care• Apply safty caps and stored properly for any

toxic substance .• Teaching child to not playing or near from

these drugs or toxic substance and understand him these substance will lead to harmful.

• Know number and location of nearest poisoning ceter to not or keep the short time in reach for it.

FallsThe toddler or preschool age as

more activity and running from other stage about {10children die result of falls in each year some from windows and balconies and mostly from stairts.

Prevention• Keep door lock or use child assesstance door

kmob cover at entery of stairt.• Never leave tripping hazards on the stairts .• Not put any thing under windows that can

climbed.• Avoid using walker especially near stairs .• Gates must be placed aboth ends of stairs.

CompareAn ACCIDENT is due to the carelessness of

a certain person (without presence of mind)

injury is the main effect of an accident in addition injury happens after the accident.

Burnsone of the most common childhood

accidental injuries. These include sunburns and burns caused by stoves, lamps, matches, lighted cigarettes, fireplaces, wood stoves, and hot liquid from a pan, cup, bath, or hot water heater.

Type of injuryHead injuries caused primarily by falls from high chairs,

beds, furniture, stairs, and play. Nose injuries caused by running into stationary objects, falling on a hard surface, or deflecting a flying toy (or the fist or foot of another child). Eye injuries caused by dust, sand, or other types of foreign matter in the child's eye.

Fractures and sprainscaused by hard falls and, as your child

enters the toddler years, by playing energetically. Children tend to break

bones more easily than adults because they have soft areas near

the end of each bone called growth plates.

Contusions — bruises under the skin — caused by bumps and falls.

Insect and bee stings. Muscle strains, which occur most often when a

child starts a new sport or activity. A pulled elbow, caused by picking up your child

by one arm, jerking his arm forcefully, or swinging him around by the arms. The forearm bone actually slips out of the elbow joint and will sometimes slip back without medical attention.

•Cuts and scratch caused by sharp fingernails (either your baby's own or some other child's), pets, sharp objects, and encounters with sticks and other pointed objects that live in your yard.

chockingChoking on food or foreign objects. Strangulation caused by strings, ties, ribbons,

and cords on toys, clothing, and household appliances and fixtures.

Items stuck in a nostril, like small stones, chewable vitamins, pebbles, and peas.

Nursing intervention Nurses need to become involved in

identifying unsafe products and environments and testifying before regulatory and legislative bodies for safety-related design changes. Nurses need to continue to develop their professional influence by using a multidisciplinary approach to injury prevention.

Nursing interventionNurses can play a major role in injury prevention.

Nurses are, by nature, educators and role models to their families, patients, and communities. Knowing the magnitude and impact of injuries on both children and their families, nurses must become more informed about the necessity of injury prevention. They must also help to initiate and develop prevention strategies that will decrease the number and severity of these injuries.

Nursing intervention

. There is a connection between clinical work and advocacy. Nurses see the pain and problems created by injuries. They can become effective advocates for injury prevention because the strongest advocacy is created by those closest to the problem and most aware of what is needed.