Accessibility Testing By Audience Need Elizabeth J. Pyatt, Ph.D. ([email protected]) Christian...
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Transcript of Accessibility Testing By Audience Need Elizabeth J. Pyatt, Ph.D. ([email protected]) Christian...
Accessibility Testing By Audience Need
Elizabeth J. Pyatt, Ph.D. ([email protected])
Christian Vinten-Johansen([email protected])
Information Technology Services
Why Audience?•Different types of disabilities Visual Impairments, Hearing
Impairments, Motion Impairments, Cognitive/Learning Disabilities
•But needs remain the same across tech A video is a video no matter the
extension and will need caption
•Everyone will be temporarily disabled
Severe Visual Impairment•Requires a screen reader to read
Web content aloud Multimedia, images need to be
describedNot all descriptions need to be hidden
Program elements need to identify themselves
•Hidden Audience Text-based mobile device, missing
plugin, images disabled, or broken image link
What the “ALT Tag” does
Piston diagram images
Text describes piston position
ALT Tagger in ANGEL
Enter information “Alternative Text” field when uploading images
New Apps Gotcha
•Not all apps and plugins include information for screen reader Old iTunes: MP3 music files were
accessbile, but navigation in iTunes was not
Some users encounter difficulty creating a login! (esp Flash based interface)
Web Forms – Need to signal new informationSee WAI-ARIA for how to code. JavaScript CAN be accessible.
Low Vision Users•May zoom browser 200% or more Good color contrast (light vs dark) Fonts should be extra legible on
Web Text zooms better than images Extra legible fonts
•Hidden Audience iPhone users Older users
•Will Kindle make a difference?
At 300% ZoomWhich part of contentis an image?
Equation
A Little Hard on the Eyes
Tiny Text (7/8 pt)
Light gray field labels
Can you see the text?
An entire page in a cursive font?
Color Deficient users
•Primarily Red/Green (10% men) Design so information viewable in
black and white (or grayscale) Underline your text links Supplement color coding with shape
•Red X and Green √
•Hidden Audience People with a black and white
printer
ANGEL Quiz Scores X & √
Different Colored World
Color coded text Color deficient:Shades of brown and blue
Color coded currency exchange.Green = up, red = down
Deuteranopia view (Photoshop Proof)Up/down arrows still informative
Hearing Impaired•You cannot hear content Captions, captions, captions (or
transcript)
Some users more fluent in sign language
•Hidden Users Forgot headphone in lab
Audio cuts out
Can’t find one of 5 volume controls
Poor audio quality (even for normal hearing)
50% students used captions in online class
Captions Reveal Information
Caption shows how to spell Cole Camplese’s name.
Motion Impaired•Keyboard always easier than mouse Enable keyboard tabbing on forms Develop text-based alternative (esp.
drop down menus) Keyboard shortcuts BIG click targets & avoid disappearing
controls
•Hidden Audience Carpal tunnel, broken wrist, essential
tremor, New to mouse, iPhone, track pad…
Cognitive Disabilities•Interface should be simple and
consistent Use same language throughout
site/tool Use language audience will
understand Restrict icons to the basics (e.g. arrow
icon) Provide “Global View” (all options at
once) Don’t hide information too quickly Let user start/stop animation & audio
Hidden Audience
•Everyone appreciates usability
•Learners often have “simpler” mental models than experts Includes instructors learning new
tech!
What are these icons?
Icons + labels
General Tips•Learn easy fixes for tool Most fixes are easy fixes (e.g. fill in
the ALT tag field in ANGEL image upload)
•Think alternate tech Can an MP3 file be delivered by blog
as well as iTunes? Can a blog be delivered by e-mail?
•Captions Write script or recruit “cheap
transcription labor”
General Tips 2•HTML is still the most accessible tech Use Flash for multimedia, but not
navigation Use PDF only for files which CAN’T be
delivered any other way
•Asynhchronous (e-mail, discussion board) can be more accessible than synchronous (e.g. chat, Connect) Text chat may be more accessible than
audio(if student hearing impaired)
Or maybe use the phone (if on screen reader)
Key Resources•Penn State
http://accessibility.psu.edu/ (Penn State Hub)
•iCITA (Illinois) http://fae.cita.uiuc.edu (FAE Evaluator)
http://firefox.cita.uiuc.edu (Firefox Plugin)
•WebAIM http://www.webaim.org (WebAIM)
http://wave.webaim.org (Visual Evaluator)
Key Resources•Accessible Web Publishing Wizard
http://www.virtual508.com/• Microsoft® Word to HTML
• Microsoft® Powerpoint to HTML
•Parity
Practical video captioning Contact Pat Besong ([email protected])
Key Resources•Accessible Web Publishing Wizard
http://www.virtual508.com/• Microsoft® Word to HTML
• Microsoft® Powerpoint to HTML
•Parity
Practical video captioning Contact Pat Besong ([email protected])
Key Resources•Web Publishing System (CMS)
Encoded accessibility rules Roles
•Multiple authors: designer, faculty SME
•Gatekeeper Workflow Protected templates and styles
At the end of the day...•Human judgement over automated
tools
•Work roles and responsibilities:
Train faculty and instructional designers in accessibility- and -
“Gatekeeper”: accessibility / editorial specialist in the workflow