Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi...
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![Page 1: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes
Khalid El HariziPresentation at the Conference on Poverty
Washington 26-27 February 2009
![Page 2: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Why accessing and influencing policy processes is important?
• Policies can have huge impacts on people’s livelihoods
- orient, limit or expand choices - empowering or disempowering effect
• Broad-based stakeholder participation generates sustainable and equitable policy outcomes
- environmentally, socially and economically
![Page 3: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Common approaches and instruments of influence
• Advocacy
• Agency
• Process Facilitation & Mediation
• Modifying the Rules of the Game
![Page 4: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Limitations of common approachesAdvocating, Bulding Agency Assets, Mediating, Changing rules
• Hardly affordable for the real poor
• Uncertain and delayed results
• Political feasibility
• Dependence on reasonably functional policy processes
![Page 5: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What if policy processes are not functional? Lessons from the Sudan Case
• The majority of the chronic poor live in political contexts of fragile states and/or non functional policy processes
• In these situations, it is not only difficult for the poor and their advocates to influence policies, but also it does not even make much sense to participate
• In fact, in many cases people deliberately chose to avoid participation, have their own channels and informal institutions to address their issues while resisting actively or passively the implementation of official policies.
![Page 6: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A Decentralized political system…
• Federal, State and local governments
• Native administration- abolished officially but actually still operating
informally in particular for land issues and political elections
• Comprehensive Peace Agreement created the Government of South Sudan
![Page 7: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
…But a centralized and chaotic policy making practice (Northern Sudan)
• A narrow decision making community
- technicians and politicians
• Prevalence of informal rules within committees
• High level of discretion of enforcement agencies
• Inadequate and restricted information flows
![Page 8: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Influential coalitions: Grab what you can!
• Security/military apparatus
• Federal Administration
• Gezira irrigation scheme Farmer Unions
• Businessmen and merchants
• Mechanized farming schemes
Small farmers and pastoralists in rainfed agriculture areas have virtually no clout, let alone the chronic poor
![Page 9: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Net Result
Policy outcomes and enforcement are marked by unpredictability, frequent changes, and insufficient resources for implementation
A failure to establish an equitable system for natural resource access and management that serve the large majority of the population
Escalation of natural resource-based conflicts of all types including warfare
![Page 10: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
So What?
![Page 11: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Core problem of policy making in fragile states: ineffective governance
– lack of strategic vision (Direction)
– democratic deficit (inclusion &alignment)
– patron-client approaches to public management (commitment)
![Page 12: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The need for a new approach
The initial challenge: how can people living in chronic poverty influence policies that affect them?
A new perspective: Chronic Poverty and Policy failure both result from a Deficit in Citizenship.
Clarifying the Challenge: How to create functional governance and policy making processes in fragile states? How to create direction, alignment and commitment in public action?
![Page 13: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A Solution: Leadership produces direction, alignment & commitment (DAC)
Individual leadership beliefs
Collective leadership beliefs
Leadership practices
Direction,Alignment,Commitment(DAC)
Longer-term outcomes
Contextual Moderators
Source: Center of Creative Leadership – by authorization
![Page 14: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Examples
• Examples of different beliefs/practices that might produce DAC:
- One person needs to be in charge: vertical chain of command
- Everyone is a leader: fluid alternation of the leader role among various members
- Our purpose will become clear to us as we sit talk together: dialogue
Source: CCL
![Page 15: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Leadership Culture: web of beliefs and practices producing direction, alignment and commitment
• When leadership is viewed as a cultural outcome, the beliefs and practices of everyone in a collective constitute leadership: Each individual’s beliefs and practices make up some part of the web
• Approach opens up the way to defining a variety of leadership models that are compatible with local contexts
• Pilot projects in Ghana and India in partnership between IFAD and CCL
Source: CCL
![Page 16: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Key Messages
Leadership development produces critical outcomes for successful governance and policy processes (direction, alignment and commitment).
Developing a democratic leadership culture, not just leaders, is a crucial path out of poverty towards economic empowerment (micro-enterprises, value chain development, etc.)
There is a need to create new models of leadership that are rooted in the diversity of local contexts
![Page 17: Access of Rural People living in Poverty to Local and National Policy Processes Khalid El Harizi Presentation at the Conference on Poverty Washington 26-27.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e875503460f94b8adfe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
THANK YOU