AC voltage regulation28-7.ppt
Transcript of AC voltage regulation28-7.ppt
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Presented by,Ms. J.Uma Maheswari,
(91408415008)Raja College of Engg and Tech
Guided by,
Mrs. J.Raha Priya,
Lecturer/EEE
Raja College of Engg and Tech
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ABSTRACT To provide a solution to the sag/swell voltage
problems with the help of using renewable source so
that a regulated voltage is given to the load.
To well utilise the renewable source power so that
power consumed from the main supply is greatly
reduced.
To make available of uninterrupted power forever.
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INTRODUCTION
Reliable electrical power is the key to the economicdevelopment, industrial revolution , medical care and soon for a developing country
Electric power is generated by means of non renewablesources such as coal, oil and natural gas.
The non renewable sources are now-a-days exhaustedin rapid manner according to our usage. This leads todemand for AC power .
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CONTINUES.,
Also they cause pollution.
This forces the usage of renewable sources such as
solar energy and wind energy to produce power.
Voltage fluctuations cause a no. of harmful technicaleffects, resulting in disruption to production processes
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CONTINUES.,
Voltage fluctuation means the amplitude of rms
voltage changes during the disturbance occurs.
The number of voltage changes over a specified unit
of time.
Variations in generation capacity of power plant is
one of the root cause for the voltage fluctuations.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
The summary of literature review is as follows:
A digital proportionalintegral current control
algorithm is implemented to keep the current injected
into the grid sinusoidal and to have high dynamicperformance with rapidly changing atmospheric
conditions. [1]
To achieve buck and boost operation, couple a dcdcboost converter to the conventional VSI with no
sharing of components and semiconductor
functionalities, with less components. [2]
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CONTINUES.,Output power of the photovoltaic can be estimated
with an average value and ripple amplitude of the
detected current. [3]
PWM AC voltage regulator based on Cuk
converter is capable of correcting voltage sags down
to 60% and voltage swells up to 30%, with the output
returning to its nominal value [4]
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EXISTING SYSTEM
The AC power is generated by means of non
renewable sources such as coal, fossil fuels etc.,
Non-renewable energy sources are being depleted at a
rapid rate in these days due to large demand of power.
So, availability of power at constant rate gets
affected.
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CONTINUES.,
Transformer tapings may be used.
But, Number of windings used in secondary side is
more.
Electromechanical voltage regulator may be used.
Auto Transformer is used to step down or step up the
output voltage for regulation.
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CONTINUES., Buck boost converter may be used for voltageregulation .
But usage of more power devices leads to more power
loss while regulating the power.
Drawbacks of CVTs (constant voltage transformers)are their larger size, audible humming sound, and high
heat generation and electromagnetic interference
problems.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
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Sunlight
Speed Sensor3 ,50 Hz AC
SUPPLY
REFERENCE SPEED
PWM
CONTROLLER
3 PHASE
CONVERTER
RENEWABLE
POWER
3 PHASE
PWM
INVERTER
3PH
IM
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DESCRIPTION
Here, a part of power generated by means of nonrenewable source is fed from main supply which isconverted into DC .
Power generated by means of renewable source is notfeasible to run a load at necessary circumstances as such.
A part of power generated by means of non renewablesource is fed to the inverter along with the renewablesource power.
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CONTINUES.,
Here 3 rectifier is used to convert available AC source
into DC source
Power generated by renewable power is also added
with it, then both of them fed to 3 Inverter.
Three phase PWM Inverter is used to convert DC into
AC.
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CONTINUES., Fluctuations in any one of the supplies will
compensate other and capable producing constant
supply to the load
Speed sensor may used to sense the speed of
Induction motor which is compared with the
reference and accord to the error, PWM signals aregenerated in PWM controller to activate PWM
inverter.
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CONTINUES.,Here PI Controller is used to generate a reference
signal for PWM signal generation.
A digital ProportionalIntegral algorithm isimplemented to keep the output of inverter insinusoidal nature with elimination of offset error andovershooting.
This digital PI Controller control algorithm havehigh dynamic performance with rapidly changing
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CONTINUES.,
The speed of Induction motor is measured andcompared with Reference speed .
If reference speed and actual speed are equals then
there is no change in firing angle of inverter.
In case both are not equal then firing angle may be
varied to compensate low voltage problem.
Finally required voltage is fed to the load to meet its
requirements.28 July 2010 AC Voltage Regulation using Renewable Sources 16
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CONTINUES., Here induction motor is used as a load which runs at a
constant speed due to fluctuations free voltage.
Here, asynchronous machine is used to run at 1200 rpmwith power of 4KW with input rms voltage of 400 V with
supply frequency of 50 Hz.
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IMPLEMENTATION
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The scale factor for X-axis : one block = 0.1 sec
The input rms voltage 183V(voltage from nonrenewable source)
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The voltage which is generated by means of renewable power
which is varying at the period of 0.3 second due to change intemperature from 20C to 60C from 195V to 250V
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The non renewable voltage which is varying at the period of 0.5
second due to fluctuations from 550V to 250V
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Simulation result of summation of non renewable and
renewable voltage
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Simulation result of the speed of rotor
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The voltage which is generated by means of renewable power
which is varying at the period of 0.5 second due to change in
temperature from 50C to 100C from 240V to 300V
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The non renewable voltage which is varying at the period of 0.3
second due to fluctuations
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Simulation result of the speed of rotor
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SIMULATION DIAGRAM FOR A SYSTEM
WITHOUT USING RENEWABLE SOURCE
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Simulation result of a system only with non renewable
source voltage
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Simulation result of decrease in speed of rotordue to
voltage fluctuations
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ADVANTAGES Conservation of non renewable source is possible.
Make use of renewable source in efficient manner.
Output Voltage is free from fluctuations
Capable of having uninterrupted power.
Power consumed from main supply is dramatically
reduced. Thus we save power.28 July 2010
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CONCLUSION By this system we regulate the voltage which is fed to
the load with the help of renewable source power.
Solution to the sag/swell voltage problems is
achievable.
Power quality issue may be solved.
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CONCLUSION
To provide a stabilized output to the load even there is
fluctuations in the input power.
By providing a regulated voltage to the load, the load
may be operated at required conditions.
Conservation of non renewable source is possible.
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REFERENCES
[1]Selvaraj And Rahim: Multilevel Inverter For Grid-connected Pv System Employing PIController, IEEE
Transactions On Industrial Electronics, Vol. 56, No. 1,
January 2009
[2] Diode-Assisted BuckBoost Voltage-Source
Inverters ,Feng Gao, Poh Chiang Loh, Remus
Teodorescu, IEEE Transactions On PowerElectronics, Vol. 24, No. 9, September 2009
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CONTINUES.,
[3] T. Esram and P. L. Chapman, Comparison of photovoltaicarray maximumpower point tracking techniques,IEEE Trans.
Energy Convers., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 439449, Jun. 2007.
[4] Jose Hoyo a; Hugo Calleja a;Janeth Alcala, High-qualityoutput PWM AC voltage regulator based on Cuk converter,International Journal of Electronics, Volume 92, Issue 4 April2005 , pages 231 - 242
[5] S. J. Park, F. S. Kang, M. H. Lee, and C. U. Kim, A newsingle-phase fivelevel PWM inverter employing a deadbeatcontrol scheme,IEEE Trans.Power Electron., vol. 18, no. 18,
pp. 831843, May 2003.
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CONTINUES.,[6] Ali M. Eltamaly, A. I. Alolah, R. Hamouda, and M. Y.
Abdulghany, A Novel Digital Implementation of ACVoltage Controller for Speed Control of Induction Motor,
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology54 2009
[7] G. Carrara, S. Gardella, M. Marchesoni, R. Salutari, andG. Sciutto, A new multilevel PWMmethod: A theoretical
analysis,IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 7, no. 3, pp.497505, Jul. 1992.
The Book named, Power Electronics ,by Bimbhra
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THANK YOU
AC Voltage Regulation using Renewable