Abu Bakr Al-Siddiqi

By: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima,

Muhammad Khan,Zafir Kabbani, and Amir

Hijawi

People Abu Bakr: First Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire Best missionary in Islam after the Prophet

(SAW) He was Caliph for 2 years Expanded the least amount of Islam

Ali bin Talib: Cousin and son in law of the Prophet (SAW) Caliph for 5 years Respected by Sunni’s and Shia’s Last Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire

Umar: One of the wealthiest and bravest Sahaba at the time 2nd Caliph to rule over the Islamic EmpireConquered Jerusalem and DamascusAccomplishment

570-571Prophet

Muhammad was born.

573Abu Bakr was

born.

625The Battle of Uhud took

place.

629The Battle of Khaybar took

place.

630The Conquest

of Makkah took place.

630The Battle of Tabuk took

place.

632Abu Bakr becomes Caliph.

632Prophet

Muhammad died.

634Omar

becomes Caliph.

634Abu Bakr

died.

644Othman becomes Caliph.

656Ali

becomes Caliph.

Timeline

Events 632 Abu Bakr as a caliph: - He was chosen as the

prophet’s successor. - Chosen by Ansars and

Quraish. Prophets Muhammad's

death: - He was extremely ill. -He was still beautiful

even at his last days. Sickness before death: - He was awfully ill before

death. - He felt very tired.

GeographyIslam expanded all over Europe and Asia

Saudi ArabiaIranIraqLibya

EgyptPakistanTurkeyAfghanistan

All of the Caliphs had spread Islam in some way. The Caliphs spread Islam north, south, east, and west.

Artifacts

All Caliphs wore turbans.

Islamic Calligraphy was very famous.

The Companions would fight with

swords.

Fun Facts1. First male to convert.2. Prophets best friend.3. Died same day as the Prophet.4. Accompanied the prophet (s) during his

migration.5. Daughter married to Prophet.6. Abu Bakr was the Muslim leader after the

prophet.7. First to compile the Quran in one book.

Quotes• “ Have an earnestness for death and you will have life.”-Abu Bakr

• “ He who aspires to paradise should learn to deal with people with kindness.”-Abu Bakr

• “ Do not look down upon any Muslim, for even the most inferior believer is great in the eyes of god.”-Abu Bakr

• “ Be good to others, that will protect you against evil.”-Abu Bakr

Al-Jazari

By: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad

Khan, and Amir Hijawi

BackgroundHe was a:• Scholar• Inventor• Mechanical engineer• Craftsman• Artist• Mathematician• Astronomer• Writer• From Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia• Best known for his bookReal name:

al-Shaykh Ra'is al-A`mal Badi`al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz ibn Isma`il ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari

Inventions:

ClocksCamshaftCrankshaft and crank-slider mechanismSaqiya chain pumpsDrink serving waitressMusical robot bandPeacock fountain with automated servantHand washing automaton

Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism

Castle clocks

Elephant ClockCULTURAL REALATIONS:• Indian Elephant• Chinese serpents• Arabian architecture• Greek water

technologyHeight:

• 8.5 meters high

How does the

elephant clock work?

http://muxlim.com/videos/1001Inventions/the-elephant-clock-by-al-jazari/

No need for people to keep track of the clock! These clocks are automatically

timed!

Comparing Clocks

Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical

Devices•Document about devices & tools.

•Written in 1206.

•Described many mechanical devices.

Artifacts

Saqiya Chain Pumps

Castle Clock Elephant Clock

Ibn Al- Haythem

By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani

Background• Born: 965 CE 

Basra, Iraq• Died: 1040 CE

Cairo, Egypt• Residence:

- Basra, Iraq-Cairo, Egypt

• Jobs: - Physicist - Mathematician - Astronomer

Full Name: Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem

The Obscura• Optical device

• Pin hole camera

• Reflection in mirror

Do you want to learn how to make an Obscura?

http://licm.org.uk/livingImage/CameraObscura.html

Comparison2011 Camera Obscura

Accomplishment• (Kitab Al-Manazir)

• seven-volume treatise • Optics, physics,

mathematics, anatomy, and psychology

The Book Of Optics • Talks about the vision and studies of the

eye and how the eye works .• Written in 1011 -1021• Important influence on

the developments of optics and on science .

• “Pioneer of the modern scientific method”, and “The founder of  experimental physics”.

Artifacts

“The Book Of Optics”

How the obscura works

Two pages of the book

BibliographyAbu Bakr:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakrhttp://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/caliph1.htmhttp://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/abu_bakr.htmlAL Jazari:http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=848http://www.history-science-technology.com/Articles/articles%206.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-JazariIbn Al Haythem:http://www.ibnalhaytham.net/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Haytham.htmlhttp://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0824826.html

Credits• Abu Bakr Big Books: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

• Abu Bakr Power Point: Hiba Masfaka and Aqsa Kanwal• Al Jazari Power Point: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi• Ibn Al Haythem Power Point: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir

Kabbani• Power Point Animations: Hiba Masfaka, and Kinzah Fatima• Banners: Kinzah Fatima, Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Zafir Kabbani,

Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi• Al Jazari Poster: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi• Ibn Al Haythem Poster: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani• Abu Bakr Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal and Hiba Masfaka• Al Jazari Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi • Ibn Al Haythem Artifacts: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani• Pictures: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani

We Hope You Enjoyed Our Presentation