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&y a !ompter4 As a res%t* t$e te!$no%o#y fn!tions &y en$an!in# one5s !rrent per!eption of

rea%ity4 By !ontrast*'irta% rea%ityrep%a!es t$e rea% (or%d (it$ a sim%ated one4 A#mentation is

!on'entiona%%y in rea%/timeand in semanti! !onte6t (it$ en'ironmenta% e%ements* s!$ as sports

s!ores on T7 drin# a mat!$4 8it$ t$e $e%p of ad'an!ed AR te!$no%o#y 1e4#4 addin# !ompter

'isionand o&9e!t re!o#nition2 t$e information a&ot t$e srrondin# rea% (or%d of t$e ser

&e!omes intera!ti'eand di#ita%%y manip%a&%e4 Artifi!ia% information a&ot t$e en'ironment and

its o&9e!ts !an &e o'er%aid on t$e rea% (or%d4

Introduction

On t$e spe!trm &et(een 'irta% rea%ity* ($i!$ !reates immersi'e* !ompter/#enerated

en'ironments* and t$e rea% (or%d* a#mented rea%ity is !%oser to t$e rea% (or%d4 A#mented

rea%ity adds #rap$i!s* sonds* $apti! feed&a!) and sme%% to t$e natra% (or%d as it e6ists4 Bot$

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_realityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_recognitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_realityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_recognitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive

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'ideo #ames and !e%% p$ones are dri'in# t$e de'e%opment of a#mented rea%ity4 E'eryone from

torists* to so%diers* to someone %oo)in# for t$e !%osest s&(aystop !an no( &enefit from t$e

a&i%ity to p%a!e !ompter/#enerated #rap$i!s in t$eir fie%d of 'ision4

A#mented rea%ity is !$an#in# t$e (ay (e 'ie( t$e (or%d // or at %east t$e (ay its sers see t$e

(or%d4 3i!tre yorse%f (a%)in# or dri'in# do(n t$e street4 8it$ a#mented/rea%ity disp%ays*($i!$ (i%% e'enta%%y %oo) m!$ %i)e a norma% pair of #%asses* informati'e #rap$i!s (i%% appear

in yor fie%d of 'ie(* and adio (i%% !oin!ide (it$ ($ate'er yo see4 T$ese en$an!ements (i%%

&e refres$ed !ontina%%y to ref%e!t t$e mo'ements of yor $ead4 Simi%ar de'i!es and app%i!ations

a%ready e6ist* parti!%ar%y on smartp$ones %i)e t$ei3$one4

A )ey measre of A#mented Rea%ity systems is $o( rea%isti!a%%y t$ey inte#rate a#mentations

(it$ t$e rea% (or%d4 T$e soft(are mst deri'e rea% (or%d !oordinates* independent from t$e

!amera* from !amera ima#es4 T$at pro!ess is !a%%ed ima#e re#istration($i!$ ses different

met$ods of !ompter 'ision*most%y re%ated to 'ideo tra!)in#4 Many !ompter 'ision met$ods of

a#mented rea%ity are in$erited from 'isa% odometry4 Usa%%y t$ose met$ods !onsist of t(oparts4

irst dete!t interest points*or fid!iary mar)ers*or opti!a% f%o(in t$e !amera ima#es4 irst sta#e

!an se featre dete!tionmet$ods %i)e!orner dete!tion*&%o& dete!tion*ed#e

dete!tionor t$res$o%din#and;or ot$er ima#e pro!essin#met$ods4T$e se!ond sta#e restores a rea%

(or%d !oordinate system from t$e data o&tained in t$e first sta#e4 Some met$ods assme o&9e!ts

(it$ )no(n #eometry 1or fid!iary mar)ers2 present in t$e s!ene4 In some of t$ose !ases t$e

s!ene ML #rammar to des!ri&e t$e %o!ation and

appearan!e of 'irta% o&9e!ts in t$e s!ene* as (e%% as ECMAS!ript &indin#s to a%%o( dynami!

a!!ess to properties of 'irta% o&9e!ts4

To ena&%e rapid de'e%opment of A#mented Rea%ity App%i!ation* some soft(are de'e%opment)its 1SD?2 $a'e emer#ed4 A fe( SD? s!$ as C%odRidAR %e'era#e !%od !omptin# for

performan!e impro'ement4 Some of t$e (e%% )no(n AR SD?s are offered &y Metaio * 7foria*

8i)itde and Layar4

http://science.howstuffworks.com/engineering/civil/subway.htmhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/iphone.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_registrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_trackinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_odometryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_point_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiduciary_markerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_detection_(computer_vision)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corner_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blob_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thresholding_(image_processing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_localization_and_mappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_from_motionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundle_adjustmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundle_adjustmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective_geometryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epipolar_geometryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_algebrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_formalisms_in_three_dimensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_formalisms_in_three_dimensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix#Exponential_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalman_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_optimizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_statisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_statisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_Reality_Markup_Languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Geospatial_Consortiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Geospatial_Consortiumhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/engineering/civil/subway.htmhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/iphone.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_registrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_trackinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_odometryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_point_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiduciary_markerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_flowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_detection_(computer_vision)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corner_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blob_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_detectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thresholding_(image_processing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_localization_and_mappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_from_motionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundle_adjustmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundle_adjustmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective_geometryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epipolar_geometryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_algebrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_formalisms_in_three_dimensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_formalisms_in_three_dimensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix#Exponential_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalman_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_optimizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_statisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_statisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_Reality_Markup_Languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Geospatial_Consortiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Geospatial_Consortium