Absolutism in FranceKey Concept: After a hundred years of wars/riots, France was ruled by the most powerful monarch of his time, Louis XIV.

Why it matters today: Louis’ abuse of power led to revolution that would call for democratic government throughout the world.

Religious Wars/Power Struggles1589, Henry IV becomes ruler of France. He was protestant, many French catholics were upset.

He converted to Catholicism as a political move to please his people. Issued the Edict of Nantes (religious toleration), rebuilt France, made it more wealthy. He was assassinated in 1610 by a fanatic.

The Monarchy GrowsUnder the rule of the regent Cardinal Richelieu, the French monarchy grew in power.

Weakened Protestantism in France. Limited power of French nobility. Got France into the 30 Years’ War.

The Reign of the Sun KingEfforts of Henry IV and Richelieu opened the door for Louis XIV to be the most powerful ruler in French history. Took total control at age of 22, excluded nobles from councils. Engaged in mercantilism to stimulate economic growth.

Mercantilism: Protect home industries, export more than you import.

MercantilismImplemented by Jean Baptiste Colbert.

Gave funds and tax breaks to French companies. High tariffs on imported goods. Encouraged migration to France’s colony in Canada.

Louis Pushes Too FarFrance was the most powerful nation under Louis. 20 million people in the country. In attempts to expand France, he invaded the Spanish Netherlands.

Attacking weaker countries motivated them to band together in a Euro-wide alliance vs. France.

Fought costly War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714).

The Sun King’s Legacy

Mixed feelings about Louis XIV. Made France a power in Europe (art, literature, military). Constant warfare + building the Palace put France in debt. Poor = Mad about taxes and Louis’ abuse of power.

Not good for his heirs, leads to revolution.