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UNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONS

TTTTOPICOPICOPICOPIC:::: TOWARDS EQUITY IN HARNESSING

NATURAL WEALTH

COMMITTEE:COMMITTEE:COMMITTEE:COMMITTEE:UNITED NATIONS

FOR AFRICA (UNECA)

ANANANAN AMBASSADOR OF LIBERIAAMBASSADOR OF LIBERIAAMBASSADOR OF LIBERIAAMBASSADOR OF LIBERIA

SHUWA SHUWA SHUWA SHUWA

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AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL

UNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONS (TAFMUN) CONFERENCE(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE

TOWARDS EQUITY IN HARNESSING

WEALTH

UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION

FOR AFRICA (UNECA)

AMBASSADOR OF LIBERIAAMBASSADOR OF LIBERIAAMBASSADOR OF LIBERIAAMBASSADOR OF LIBERIA

BYBYBYBY

SHUWA SHUWA SHUWA SHUWA JAMES ABRAHAM JAMES ABRAHAM JAMES ABRAHAM JAMES ABRAHAM

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT COLLEGE AZAREFEDERAL GOVERNMENT COLLEGE AZAREFEDERAL GOVERNMENT COLLEGE AZAREFEDERAL GOVERNMENT COLLEGE AZARE

AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL AFRICAN FUTURE TRUST MODEL

(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE(TAFMUN) CONFERENCE

TOWARDS EQUITY IN HARNESSING AFRICA’S

ECONOMIC COMMISSION

JAMES ABRAHAM JAMES ABRAHAM JAMES ABRAHAM JAMES ABRAHAM

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Table of content

1.1 Introduction

1.2 About the topic

1.3 About the committee

1.4 Research questions and their answers

1.5 Conclusion

1.6 References

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1.1 INTRODUCTION

Liberia is a country located in West Africa, surrounded by Sierra

Leone to the west, guinea to east, Cote D‘Ivoire to the north and

Atlantic Ocean to the south. The capital is Monrovia and it is the

largest city in Liberia, it covers total area of 111,392 square per

kilometer, 96,320sq, kmof land area, 15,049sq km of water area

and 579km of coastline area with population of about 4,396,873

persons. It is sparsely populated with forest surrounding it which

make us practice lumbering. It is hot and dry area with humid dry

and frequent heavy showers in climate. The land is mostly flat

coastal plains rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in the

northeast.

The official language spoken in my country is English, but only 15%

speaks English, the remaining 85% speaks other non indigenous

languages. The religion practice in my country are Christianity,

Islam, and traditional worshipers. But Christianity is the religion

most practiced in Liberia.

Liberia got her independence from the united state of America (USA)

in July 26, 1847 and practiced unitary presidential constitutional

republic system of government. The first country to get

independence and the first nation to elect female president. The

president of my country is a woman called Ellen Johnson Sirleaf,

and her vice president is a man called Joseph Bokai, and we use

Liberian dollar for our currency.

About the Economy, Liberia is rebuilding a mixed economic system,

because of its low level of income. It is blessed with natural

recourses like diamond, gold, iron-ore, and agricultural produce

(cash crops) like timber, rubber, palm oil etc. and food crops like

maize, cocoa, yam, rice etc which are been exported to other

countries for revenue generation and as a medium of foreign

exchange. And its also create employment for her citizens, the

industries found are rubber processing, palm oil processing, timber,

and diamond processing industries.

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1.2 TOWARDS EQUITY IN HARNESSING AFRICA’S NATURAL

WEALTH

Africa is rich in both natural and human resources with great potential to boost economic growth. The challenges African countries are facing with harnessing her natural wealth are basically corruption and war.

War- some countries such as Liberia, Somalia, Nigeria etc have/are experienced(ing) war which has led the country economy to brink of collapse. During the war lives (human resources) were wasted, properties and infrastructure were destroyed. After the war re-construction of the economy takes time and a huge revenue is spent on rebuilding.

Corruption- this is the canker worm that eaten deep in African countries fabric which has led to the outbreak of crisis (sectional, religious, tribal etc) some ultimately culmination into war.

These two basic challenges have led Africa under develop and its natural resources (wealth) under utilize. In the light of these organization like UNECA and ILO had call for an integrated approach to harnessing her natural wealth through harcing the knowledge base and job creation needed to strengthen human capacity and broaden stakeholders participation with regard to the protection of Africa’s environment and management of its mineral recourses.

UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA

The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA or ECA) was established in 1958 by the United Nations Economic and Social Council to encourage economic cooperation among its member states (the nations of the African continent)[2] following a recommendation of the United Nations General Assembly.[3]

It is one of five regional commissions.

The ECA has 53 member states corresponding to the 53 member states of the United Nations that lie within the continent of Africa.

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About Natural Resource Management

One important aspect of ECA’s work on natural resources is the conduct of policy-oriented research aiming to support the policy, legal and regulatory frameworks for the proper management of natural resources in Africa.

Also, ECA seeks to enhance the knowledge base needed to strengthen human and institutional capacities and broaden stakeholder participation with regard to the protection of Africa’s environment and to the management of its mineral resources. In the same vein, ECA works to promote measures to address environmental concerns in the exploitation of Africa’s natural resources.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What natural resources are found in your country and to what

extent have they contributed to the development of the state?

� The natural resources found in my country include:-

� Iron Ore � Timber � Diamonds � Gold � Hydropower.

� They contributed greatly to the development of country

through the following ways include:-

� Provision of money to the country

� Revenue generation to the government

� They serve as foreign exchange

� They provide employment for her citizens

� Generation of electricity through hydropower.

� They develop the country’s economy

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2. How are the resources and generated revenue deployed or

managed?

� The resources are managed through the following ways:-

� Construction of good roads network

� Building of schools

� Creation of industries

� Provision of foreign materials to the country

� Building human capacity

3. Is there a history or likelihood of armed conflict traceable to

resource management?

� Yes, there is a history or likelihood of armed conflict traceable to resource management in Liberia.

� The Liberian civil war was an internal conflict in Liberia from 1989 until 1997. The conflict killed over 200,000 people and eventually led to the involvement of the economy. Economic community of west African state (ECOWAS) and the united Nation (UN) came to Liberia and maintain peace which did not last long and in 1999 the second Liberian civil war broke out and ended in October 2003, when ECOWAS intervened to stop the rebel. By the conclusion of the final war, more than 250,000 people had been killed and nearly 1 million displaced. Half of that number remain to be repatriate in 2005. The economy of Liberia was totally destroy, and due to he war commercial mining activities were halted due to lack of finance and destruction of facilities also as a result of the war. Hence the economy of the country was plunged into comatose which the present government is trying hard to revive.

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4. How can UNECA ensure that foreign aid to Africa yields

desired result?

� UNECA ensure that foreign aid to Africa yields desired result

through the following ways:-

� UNECA’s work on natural resources is the conduct of policy-oriented research aiming to support the policy, legal and regulatory frameworks for the proper management of natural resources in Africa.

� And it also ensure that African foreign aid yield and desired competent through foreign exchange of the natural resources between developed countries.

� Also, UNECA seeks to enhance the knowledge base needed to strengthen human and institutional capacities and broaden stakeholder participation with regard to the protection of Africa’s environment and to the management of its mineral resources. In the same vein, UNECA works to promote measures to address environmental concerns in the exploitation of Africa’s natural resources.

5. If indigenization, such as Zimbabwe is trying to champion, is the key to getting more out of the natural resources for the development and enrichment of Africa, how can UNECA lend its supports to push it through?

• Indigenization is a policy where the people of a state take part in ownership of companies or industries in their state. The local residents are given part of the profits and are used to develop their area.

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� UNECA can lend its supports to push it through by:-

� In the case were there is no mining facilities and equipment UNECA can support the with that.

� They can also accept the contract by mining the natural resources processing and exporting it, then some percentage of the resources will be given to UNECA organization. Through this UNECA can lend its supports to push it through.

1.5 Conclusion

In conclusion, the United Nation Economic Commission for

Africa (UNECA) has really boosted Liberian’s economy because

now Liberia has the highest ratio of foreign investment to Gross

Domestic Product (GDP) and also develop the country through

creation of good roads, good hospitals, schools etc.

1.6 References

1. //https://www.google.com.

2. Liberia’s economy Wikipedia and free encyclopedia.

3. "Indigenization". wikitionary.

4. "Indigenize - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster

Dictionary".