ABOUT IUCN

IUCN, the International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the worldfind pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment anddevelopmental challenges. It supports scientific research, manages fieldprojects all over the world and brings governments, non-governmentorganizations, United Nations agencies, companies and local communitiestogether to develop and implement policy, laws and best practice.

IUCN»s global mission is to influence, encourage and assist societiesthroughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature,while ensuring that the use of natural resources is equitable andecologically sustainable. At the same time, IUCN functions as a vibrantknowledge network, generating state-of-the-art conservation theory andpractice.

The world»s oldest and largest global environment network, IUCN is ademocratic membership union, with more than 84 states, 111 governmentagencies and 874 NGOs as member organizations, 35 affiliates, 10,000volunteer scientists in more than 160 countries, and professional staff in 60 offices across the globe. The Union»s headquarters are located inGland, Switzerland. Its Asia Regional Office is based in Bangkok, Thailand.

CONTENTS

From the Country Representative Pakistan ............................................................................................................ 5

The IUCN Pakistan Programme ...............................................................................................................................6

Our Niche ..........................................................................................................................................................6

Our Approach....................................................................................................................................................7

Our Focus in 2009√2012...................................................................................................................................8

Our Work Since 1985 ......................................................................................................................................11

Our Work in 2009 ............................................................................................................................................13

Our Future Work ..............................................................................................................................................21

Our Constituency ............................................................................................................................................22

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IUCN Pakistan is part of the IUCN»s Asia Regional Programme based inBangkok, Thailand. Established in 1985 to assist in the preparation ofPakistan»s National Conservation Strategy, IUCN Pakistan has grown tobecome the largest country programme of IUCN. From the mountains inthe north to the southern coastline, IUCN manages projects acrossPakistan through eight offices, with the support of 100 staff members.Together with its partners and members, IUCN is implementing severalconservation initiatives in the country through institutional strengthening,policy advocacy and field work. Currently there are 27 active members ofIUCN in Pakistan, including the Government of Pakistan as the statemember, six government agencies and 20 NGOs. Over 100 volunteers fromPakistan work in IUCN»s six specialised commissions.

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Pakistan is endowed with immensebeauty and diversity in its natural andcultural heritage. The country hasenormous potential for sustainablegrowth. However, recent global,political and economic pressureshave altered the local dynamics. Theresult has been an increased pressureon the natural environment,livelihoods and social fabric.

To address these concerns, IUCN inPakistan reaches out to vulnerablepopulations facing threats fromenvironmental degradation inparticular. Being cognizant of thedetermined link between humans andnature, we seek to empowercommunities to influence change,such as through our vast network ofmembers and partners. Incongruence with our global niche,IUCN Pakistan is particularly knownfor its convening power, and role ingood environmental governance andsustainable livelihoods. IUCNPakistan has also evolved to maintainits relevance to changing conditionsand conservation approaches. Sinceits inception in 1985, the CountryProgramme has spread across thecountry with a wide range of socio-ecological zones. As the largestCountry Programme of IUCN, we alsoplay a dynamic role in regionalcollaboration and sustainableecosystem management.

The year 2009 was declared as theYear of Environment by the

Government of Pakistan. Togetherwith key partners, such as IUCN, thegovernment celebrated the yearthrough various collaborativeendeavors at a policy and field level.This initiative depicted IUCN»s effortsto reorient developmental priorities ofthe government and get theircommitment towards environmentalreform. In 2009, in addition toproviding impetus for attainment ofsustainable development goals, IUCNPakistan has continued tosuccessfully demonstrate its role inlaunching innovative approaches,such as participatory premise tointegrated water resourcemanagement, integrated coastal zonemanagement, Juniper forestecosystem protection, landscapeapproach to protected areasmanagement, district visionsdevelopment, environmental fiscalreforms, corporate greening, disasterpreparedness and resilience toclimate change, to mention a few.

Contributing towards our globalvision of creating a just world thatvalues and conserves nature, westrive to maintain the momentumcreated and infact enhance potentialfor ecologically consciousdevelopment in Pakistan. With thatperspective, our future endeavors aredirected towards addressing globalchanges (particularly climate change),transboundary biodiversityconservation, food security, rights-based governance, institutional

strengthening as well as increasedoutreach to our membership andcommissions and effective deliveryon our ongoing programmes.

We look forward to the support ofsocieties in demonstrating acollective capacity to overcomesocial, economic and environmentalchallenges in the country andbeyond.

Shah Murad AlianiCountry Representative Pakistan

FROM THE COUNTRY REPRESENTATIVE PAKISTAN

OUR NICHEIUCN has identified its niche as ≈a Union of governments, NGOs,scientific expert networks and a decentralized Secretariat derivedfrom the unique nature of its membership and the framework it offersfor coherent international action dedicated to produce and useknowledge about the environment to benefit people and nature.∆1

While taking into consideration our global niche, our involvement inPakistan is largely determined by the country»s history, realities andthe constituency»s expectations. As expressed through a recentsurvey, our partners in Pakistan characterize the CountryProgramme as «a mix of policy and fieldwork at the federal,provincial and local levels, bringing together government, civilsociety and private sector institutions». These local partners want usto continue generating knowledge and ensuring that it is used inpractical ways through our network of scientists, policy makers,business leaders and NGOs.

Hence, keeping in view our evolving role and unique contributionwithin Pakistan, and relating to the core strengths of the Union, both

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THE IUCN PAKISTAN PROGRAMME

IUCN envisions a just world that valuesand conserves nature. It is described interms of the three «pillars» of sustainabledevelopment - economy, ecology andsociety. Contributing towards the globalagenda, our Programme in Pakistanstrives to address the sustainabledevelopment needs of Pakistan throughinnovative and collaborative initiatives,while also taking into consideration thegoals and long-term changes aimed forby the overall IUCN»s Asia Programme.We explicitly seek to direct the attentionof decision makers onto the role of ahealthy environment in sustainabilityand challenge whether currentapproaches to sustainable developmentare effective.

1 IUCN, 2007, Strengthening IUCN: Decisions and Recommendations onOrganizational Change. Gland: IUCN DGO.

globally and within the region, we continue to play thefollowing key roles in Pakistan:● Exercising convening power: bringing together a wide

range of stakeholders on neutral ground, to addressissues of mutual interest, such as environmentallysensitive development;

● Sharing global experiences: advocating and testingcross-cutting and replicable models, ideas andapproaches in conservation from across the globe,especially from Asia;

● Linking global and regional knowledge to the Pakistanicontext: drawing on its wide global network ofmembers, scientists and affiliates to extend naturalresource management and sustainable developmentknowledge;

● Advocating for the environment: reorienting attentionand interest of governments and development agenciesto environmental issues;

● Creating an enabling policy environment: facilitatingand promoting good governance, and increasing theparticipation of marginalized segments; and

● Improving self capacity: enhancing own understandingof managing degraded ecosystems and landscapes, aswell as economic and social development.

OUR APPROACHIUCN adopts an adaptive management approach, whichrecognizes that ecosystems and socio-economic systemsare dynamic in nature, and that management interventionslead to new lessons being learned. These lessons cansubsequently be applied to further improving ecosystemmanagement in a continuing cycle of improved adaptationto changing conditions.

Our Value ChainIUCN»s strategy of tackling conservation and sustainabilityis defined by three key words, i.e. knowledge,empowerment and governance. Our strategy for change isbased on the assumption that when knowledge isavailable and people and institutions are empowered touse it, they can participate more effectively in decisionmaking to improve laws, policies, instruments andinstitutions. However, we also recognize that the flow fromknowledge to empowerment to governance is not alwayslinear. Hence, we aim to be a knowledge-basedorganization, such that we facilitate decision making,ensure effective linkages between knowledge, practiceand policy, and enable our constituency to make betterinformed decisions.

Keeping the above mentioned strategy at the forefront, ourkey thrust in Pakistan is on:● Environmental governance: institutional mechanisms

and their strengthening, policy advocacy and review,legal frameworks and tools, multilateralenvironmental agreements, and integration ofenvironmental imperatives into developmentplanning;

● Landscape restoration, rehabilitation and management:community-based integrated natural resourcemanagement, forests and protected areas systemmanagement, and sustainable agricultural systems andpractices;

● Environmental peace and security: conservation forpeace, conflict resolution, environmental security,multi-stakeholder networks and alliances, rights-basedresource governance, gender and social policy,communication and education for sustainabledevelopment;

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Establishing common standards for approaches, services, and products to enablescaling up, adaptation and quality control

Building new approaches and empowering constituencies to maintainand extend conservation and sustainability solutions

Demonstrations and pilot projects applying knoweldege tospecific situations and needs of partners at any level

Knowledge for conservation and sustainable resource management

Governance

Empowerment

Knowledge

RE

AC

H

IMPACT

Strategic influencing to entrance impact at multiple levels

=

Value Chain

● Development, economic growth and environment:payment for environmental services, environmentalfiscal reforms and valuation, environmental economics,strategic and environmental impact assessment,corporate social and environmental responsibility,poverty reduction strategies, and MillenniumDevelopment Goals; and

● Climate change, energy and ecosystems: adaptationand mitigation strategies / policies / plans, sustainabletransport and energy, and clean air.

To incorporate these segments in our planning, we have developed a series of interlinked programmes andinitiatives in Pakistan. Such programmatic planningresults in the formation of a strong link between thethematic focus areas and the projects that are designedto address them.

OUR FOCUS IN 2009√2012At the World Conservation Congress 2008, IUCN adoptedits latest four-year Intersessional Programme, focusing onone Core Priority Area (CPA) and four Thematic PriorityAreas (TPAs). The priority areas guide our members,commissions and Secretariat in their conservation work.

The Intersessional Programme 2009√12 for IUCN Pakistanis aligned with IUCN»s global and regional intersessionalprogrammes, while being hinged on ground realities inPakistan. The Country Programme is well positioned todeliver on the priority areas and subsequent Pakistanspecific sub-results for this period (see table on page-9).Significant momentum has already been achieved onclimate change, sustainable ecosystem management andgreening the economy.

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A glimpse of IUCN»s diverse work portfolio in Pakistan. © IUCN Pakistan

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IUCN Pakistan»s Intersessional Programme 2009-2012

Global Priority Areas Pakistan»s Sub-Results

PK 1.1.1.1 Development of sustainable development strategies infour districts of Balochistan facilitated

PK 1.1.1.2 Development of the National Wetlands Policy facilitated

PK 1.2.1.1 The revised IUCN protected areas categories introducedin Pakistan

PK 1.2.1.2 Integrated Water Resource Management conceptsdisseminated and tested in Balochistan

PK 1.2.1.3 Sustainable use approach successfully demonstrated inthe Ziarat juniper forests

PK 2.1.1.1 Biodiversity considerations incorporated in the NationalClimate Change Policy

PK 2.2.1.1 Climate change considerations integrated in agricultureand water policies

PK 2.2.1.2 Integrated sub-river basin water resource management-as an adaptive strategy for climate change-demonstrated in arid Balochistan

PK 2.2.2.1 Livelihood diversification pilot tested in two districts ofBalochistan, with climate change adaptation strategiesincorporated in it

No particular result planned for Pakistan

PK 4.1.1.1 Resource management practices improved throughenhanced capacity in extension services

PK 4.1.1.2 Natural resource management based livelihooddiversification demonstrated in three districts ofBalochistan, through implementation of IntegratedDistrict Development Visions

PK 4.1.2.1 Natural resource management practices improvedthrough integrated resource planning

PK 4.1.3.1 Mangrove ecosystem rehabilitated in Sindh andBalochistan

PK 4.2.1.1 Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan developedfor Sindh and Balochistan

PK 4.2.1.2 Integrated Water Resource Management approachdemonstrated in three selected sites in Balochistan, toenhance community resilience against drought

PK 4.2.2.1 Environmental safeguards ensured for post disasterrehabilitation initiatives

PK 5.1.1.1 Environmental Fiscal Reforms pilot tested in at least onedistrict of Pakistan, and advocated at the federal andprovincial level

CPA 1: Conserving the diversity of lifeEnsuring sustainable andequitable management ofbiodiversity from local to globallevels

TPA 2: Changing the climateforecastIntegrating biodiversityconsiderations and opportunitiesinto climate change policy andpractice

TPA 3: Naturally energizing thefutureImplementing ecologicallysustainable, equitable andefficient energy systems

TPA 4: Managing ecosystems forhuman well-beingImproving livelihoods, reducingpoverty and vulnerability andenhancing environmental andhuman security throughsustainable resource management

TPA 5: Greening the world economyIntegrating ecosystemconservation values in economicpolicy, finance and markets

www.iucn.org

These strategies offer insight into thedebates and possibilities that need tobe explored to address the issue ofenvironmental governance. They alsoprovide concrete recommendationsand action plans, and list priorityareas to be addressed.

We have also played an importantrole in the drafting of PakistanEnvironmental Protection Act (PEPA),1997. Additionally, we have facilitatedthe development of all the keyenvironmental regulations, includingthe National Environmental QualityStandards, Biodiversity Action Planfor Pakistan and the NationalEnvironment Policy.

In addition to influencing changes inpolicy and legislation, we have played

a pivotal role in empoweringcommunities to be aware of andexercise their natural resourceownership and user rights, along withensuring efficient managementregimes and regulatory systems forequitable and sustainable use ofnatural resources.

While successfully advocating morespace for civil society in public policyand decision making, we have co-designed and facilitated theimplementation of most of the post-NCS environmental projects. Our fieldwork began with a socio-economicand marine pollution baseline surveyconducted in the coastal areas ofSindh. Resultantly, a multi-playerproject on rehabilitation of coastaland marine areas of Sindh was

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OUR WORK SINCE 1985IUCN is a proud pioneer of orienting Government of Pakistan»s focus on environment and conservation, especially withregard to initiating efforts to formulate environmental legislation and create enabled institutions. We have also facilitatedand maintained international and national level multi-stakeholder involvement in Pakistan, to address ecologicalsustainability, particularly towards global change and natural resource management.

Following formulation of the World Conservation Strategy in 1980, the Government of Pakistan requested IUCN to helpdevelop a National Conservation Strategy (NCS), for which our Country Office was established in Karachi. Since theapproval of NCS by the Federal Cabinet in 1992, we have developed geographically specific and contextually relevantstrategies for Balochistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), Gilgit-Baltistan, North West Frontier Province(NWFP), Punjab and Sindh. District level strategies have also been devised for Abbottabad, Badin, Chitral, Dera IsmailKhan, Gwadar and Qila Saifullah.

Healthy

biodiversity is no

luxury √ it»s the

foundation of all

life on Earth

conceived. We have since emerged as the specialistagency in community led mangrove rehabilitation, aposition we have achieved after replanting mangroves inover 6000 hectares of land along the coast of Pakistan,creating new mangrove areas in Balochistan withoutdisturbing the natural ecosystem, introducing innovativeand replicable mangrove plantation techniques,reintroducing three extinct mangrove species, improvingthe commercial aspect of mangrove forestry in Pakistan,facilitating ownership by the government and introducingalternative fuel products.

Moreover, we have been the key agency for endeavoursrelated to mountain areas conservation, speciesprotection, institutional strengthening of concernedbodies, social mobilization, women empowerment,scientific research and ecotourism. A few examples ofour contribution towards some of these components aregiven below.

With regard to species conservation, one of our majorinnovations has been the successful establishment oftrophy hunting of high value species in the mountainousareas of northern Pakistan. The revenues thus generatedenabled communities to invest in resource conservation andfulfill their development needs. Another achievement worthmentioning is our intervention towards the long-termconservation and rehabilitation of endangered species. Inthis context we facilitated the transfer of a Snow Leapord(Leo) found stranded in the Gilgit-Baltistan region, to asimulated environment at the Bronx Zoo in New York, USA,

which is an institute with a globally renowned breedingprogramme.

In the area of water management, we established micro-hydel power stations in northern Pakistan, where the off-grid electricity generation provided succour to 8000households. Likewise, in Balochistan a water relatedproject focusing on developing a water reservoir toimprove water availability and upgrade the waterdistribution system for irrigation was implemented. Underthis project, mechanisms for the equitable distribution ofwater within the community, including disadvantagedgroups and women, were also put in place.

In context of women empowerment, our interventions innorthern Pakistan have provided means for women toengage in planning processes, awareness buildingprogrammes, livestock and poultry management, nurserymaintenance, record keeping, fruit processing, mushroomfarming and kitchen gardening. In Chitral (Shishi Valley) andGilgit-Baltistan (Diamer), community-based chilghoza pineconservation and management has particularly benefitedwomen. Women in these areas were provided enhancedincome generation opportunities through market-orientedsustainable use of natural resources, in particular non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Under this initiative, effortswere made to increase incomes through improving theproduction potential of chilghoza pines through valueaddition to the processing and marketing stages of thetrade, and securing access rights to natural resources fordisadvantaged groups.

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Women as decision makers, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. © Karl Schuler, IUCN Pakistan

IUCN Pakistan is the lead implementing agency for adiverse range of projects and short term initiatives thatfollow the Union»s global approach. Ecologicalsustainability and community empowerment continues toform the foundation of all our work in Pakistan, with about43% of the activities focused on environmentalgovernance, followed by water resource management(27%), coastal ecosystem management (20%), and forestand landscape management (10%). Climate change,gender mainstreaming and convening efforts form thebackbone of all our initiatives. Other programmes gainingmomentum include work on business and biodiversity andeducation for sustainable development. All these thematicfocus areas reflect on IUCN staff expertise managingthese initiatives in the country.

The following sectors broadly define our major scope ofwork in Pakistan. It must be noted here that though thesethematic areas are indicative of IUCN»s contribution ineach sector, they do not illustrate the integrated way ourprogrammes and projects function; for instance, a projectfocusing on coastal zone management could also includeinterventions on climate change and/or disaster riskreduction.

ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE AND POLICY

Our efforts towards strengthening environmentalgovernance have contributed to the success of our

OUR WORK IN 2009

Working closely with the government at the national, provincial and district levels, as well as with the civilsociety and private sector, we aim to integrate environmental conservation with development, enhanceinstitutional and human resource development, facilitate the creation of a supportive policy and legalframework, and increase popular support for conservation. The underlying goal is to link knowledge, practice

and policy through programmatic, project and policy level interventions broadly defined in the country specific priorities-derived from our global priority areas mentioned in the Intersessional Programme. This combination has led to variousgroundbreaking initiatives, some of which have been discussed in this section.

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OUR GEOGRAPHICALSCOPE IN PAKISTAN

CH

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IN

DI

A

AF

GH

AN

IS

TA

N

I R A N

★

KHYBERPAKHTUNKHWA

JAMMU & KASHMIR(DISPUTED TERETORY)

PUNJAB

SINDH

BALOCHISTAN

★★

★

★

★ ★

★★

★★

★

SHIGAR

GILGIT

MUZAFARABADPESHAWAR

ISLAMABAD

ABBOTTABAD

QILA SAIFULLAH

QUETTA

ZIARAT

LASBELA

GWADAR

KARACHI ★BADIN

★THATTA

★LAHORE

interventions related to various thematic priority areas.Firstly, we have institutionalized ecosystem managementthrough the formulation of district level strategies andconsequently through the development of an IntegratedDistrict Development Vision Handbook. A result ofextensive research and consultative process, theHandbook provides guidance to assist in district leveldevelopment planning and for complying with nationaland international obligations. We have also led theprocess for development of the Punjab SustainableDevelopment Strategy for Government of the Punjab. This strategy provides a strategic framework which setsdirection for sectoral planning (short, medium and longterm) for pro-poor development and a paradigm shift ingovernance, thus providing an enabling environment forsustainable development to the relevant sectoraldepartments and organizations in the Punjab.

Work on environmental governance has also led toconsultative policy level work, including development ofthe National Wetlands Policy for Pakistan in accordancewith the Ramsar Convention guidelines and objectives.The development of the Policy was initiated under thePakistan Wetlands Programme, an initiative of the FederalMinistry of Environment and WWF Pakistan, which strivesto create a conducive environment for wetlandsconservation and steer its wise use by providing anenabling policy framework, training, capacity building andawareness raising opportunities.

IUCN Pakistan has also extended its services to Lao PDR,for the development of a Strategic EnvironmentalAssessment (SEA) framework for the government, and forits institutional strengthening. Another related activity is our

new multi-stakeholder initiative, «National ImpactAssessment Programme» (NIAP), which aims atinstitutional strengthening for environment-sensitivepolicies, plans and projects. In doing so, the programmeintends to build on the significant efforts that are currentlyunderway to improve Pakistan»s environmentalmanagement system. The Programme includesinterventions at the policy level, through introduction ofSEA; capacity building on Environmental ImpactAssessment (EIA) and SEA at all levels and sectors; anddevelopment of tools, procedures and mechanisms forimpact assessment. IUCN has succeeded in bringing twomain qualities to this multi-partner initiative: leadership inadvocating for environmental policy through dialogue,interaction and consensus building with various actors;and support in the implementation of environmental policyby providing assistance in policy and legislative reforms,capacity development, environmental assessment,awareness, education and selected field projects.

Moreover, as a step towards effective governance, ourprogramme in Balochistan has initiated a capacity buildingexercise on realization of relevant policies and laws relatedto ecosystem management.

One of our projects directly focused on governance forbetter livelihoods was undertaken in Shigar valley. Aspart of our role in the project, we endeavored to improvethe quality of life of people living in Shigar Town (inGilgit-Baltistan region) at various levels, for examplethrough the development of an EnvironmentManagement Plan that focused on three key areas √ solidwaste management, water quality management andenergy conservation.

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Pristine natural environment of Pakistan. © IUCN Pakistan

WATER AND WETLANDS

Our support in the development of Pakistan Wetlands Policy helps meetthe challenge of protecting and rehabilitating wetlands of international andnational significance, and their associated biodiversity. The Policy makesavailable a comprehensive national policy as a basis for domestic action,and works as a framework for international and national cooperation.

We have also launched several initiatives in Balochistan under theumbrella of community-based integrated water resource management.Such endeavors were undertaken in Balozai and Bagh Viala, wherewater conservation techniques were demonstrated vis-a-vis theestablishment of artificial groundwater recharge/channel lining,rainwater harvesting and diversion dikes, with the help of localcommunities. Similarly, in Ziarat a water reservoir was constructed,pipelines were layed for water conveyance and a high efficiencybubbler irrigation system was installed. The success of suchinnovative measures has led us to consider them for upscaling at sub-river basin level and replication in similar environments.

MARINE AND COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS

While discussing IUCN Pakistan»s field based contribution towards each thematic area, at the forefront is ourunprecedented work for marine and coastal ecosystem management. Technical backstopping provided for mangroverehabilitation has led to a key milestone: the Guinness World Records certified Pakistan for planting the largest number ofmangrove saplings in a 24 hour period by a team of 300 people at Keti Bandar, Thatta. Similarly, along the coast ofBalochistan, we have restocked 3000 hectares for mangrove plantation, including protective plantations (which work asbuffer zones / estuaries to mitigate flash floods, sea intrusion and impacts of natural and man made disasters) in ShadiKaur. Additionally, we have undertaken sand dune stabilization work in Pasni in over 50 hectares of land, with 500,000mesquite plants transplanted. Furthermore, we have initiated studies assessing the socio-economic impact of our coastalprogramme. Concurrently, there has been continuous engagement with governing bodies and other major stakeholders,with regard to an integrated coastal zone management plan, which includes providing alternative livelihood andrenewable energy solutions.

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Flourishing mangrove ecosystems. © Asghar Shah, IUCN Pakistan

Wetlands protecting biodiversity. © IUCN Pakistan

PROTECTED AREAS

As part of the «international partnership for sustainabledevelopment of mountain regions», we consultativelydeveloped a Management Framework for the CentralKarakoram National Park (CKNP) in Pakistan √ thecountry»s largest Protected Area, covering over 10,000kmand encompassing the world»s largest glacier outside of thepolar regions. This project was an open collaborativeinitiative, intending to provide easy access to relevantinformation and knowledge to support management andconservation; and access to documents, geographic andresearch data as well as communication products. Underthis project, a Decision Support System was devised forthe sustainable management of the Hindukush KarakoramHimalaya (HKKH) complex.

FOREST MANAGEMENT

IUCN Pakistan is currently engaged in mainstreamingbiodiversity conservation into production systems in theJuniper forest ecosystem, jointly with the Balochistan Forestand Wildlife Department. The initiative has achievednumerous milestones in 2009, and has contributed greatlytowards participatory development for ecologicalsustainability. Key efforts towards ecological change includesustainable harvesting and propagation of medicinal plants,maintenance of forest plant nursery, initiation of a treeplantation drive, provision of fire extinguishers to controlforest fires, increasd environmental awareness throughformation of green clubs in local schools, establishment ofbaseline for range and wildlife resources in the projectvalleys, and valuation of goods and services accruing fromJuniper forests.

SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS

IUCN»s experience with communities has shown that the adoption of conservancy approach cannot be forced on people;rather success can be achieved by conveying the right message through empowering people. Hence, we adopt aparticipatory approach for learning practical skills, critical reflection, dialogue, perspectives and values that guide andmotivate people to seek sustainable livelihoods, participate in a democratic society and live in a sustainable manner.

Our Country Programme in Pakistan has a long history of working with communities for ecosystem management andlivelihood enhancement. In the coastal areas, our scope of work has expanded from mangrove restoration to integratedcoastal zone management, job diversification and service provision that is environmentally sustainable. Our work onsustainable resource management has translated into increased livelihood opportunities for the locals, in terms ofearnings from fisheries (such as from cage fishing and shrimp/crab fattening), fuelwood and fodder.

Moreover, rehabilitation of the water supply scheme in Gunz village of Balochistan modeled into a sustainable village, hasled to increased earnings of the community (especially women), due to water availability in close vicinity allowing moretime and attention to be given to agriculture and livestock management.

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Working towards improved livelihoods in Balochistan. © Mumtaz Haider Khan, IUCN Pakistan

Similarly, our Juniper project has established a successfulmodel for ecosystem management through communityempowerment and enhanced resilience to changingconditions, such as climate change. Several examplesillustrate this objective and include activities such as socialmobilization and formation of Community ConservationOrganizations (CCOs), trainings for CCO members onalternate income generation opportunities, development ofecotourism management plan, renovation of visitor huts,and establishment of tourism information centre. Thebiggest contribution however, has been the project»s workon livestock production and protection, which has beenundertaken and owned by the CCOs. This activity includedlowering mortality rates and weight loss in livestock,increasing productivity through livestock vaccination andmedication against contagious diseases, feedingconcentrate feed (lamb) for fattening, capacity building ofcommunity livestock extension workers in health, nutritionand management of livestock; provision of vaccinationstorage facility, and distribution of poultry pullets amongmembers of CCOs (including women»s organizations).

The Shigar project that focused on improving livelihoodsfor local communities has contributed immensely towardsincreasing the community»s knowledge and awareness onenvironmental health and hygiene, and strengthening theShigar Town Management and Development Society,which is the main local organization working with projectpartners for improving the quality of life in Shigar throughintegrated planning and development of the cultural,natural and built environments.

Economic conditions are being addressed through thepiloting of Environmental Fiscal Reforms (EFR). The initiative

aims to reduce poverty and improve the environmentthrough institutional, legal and policy arrangements, foreffective and sustained fiscal decentralization. This conceptis contributing directly towards enhancement of livelihood,by helping to address environmental problems, such asthose concerning solid waste, water contamination, airpollution, mining and quarrying, and the reduction ofenvironmental services that threaten the health andlivelihoods of the poor.

BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

As described in earlier sections, the Juniper projectaddresses sustainable biodiversity conservation. Relatedefforts include water harvesting, watershed management,stock water ponds construction, valley level conservationplan development, reducing pressure on rangelandresources while increasing fodder production anddocumentation of lessons learnt. The project has alsogained considerable support from the private sector inecotourism, energy, water, agriculture and livestocksectors. The water and soil conservation initiatives (such aswater channel lining, pipeline laying and gabion wallconstruction for flood protection) have also been replicatedby donor organizations. Another worthy effort has beentowards mainstreaming biodiversity into the energy sector,under which the project staff introduced alternate energysources and distributed 350 fuel efficient stoves on 20%cost sharing basis, in addition to installation of two solarwater pumping machines in the area.

Another initiative geared towards the dual goal oflandscape management and community empowerment isthe HKKH Project, which contributed to consolidating the

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Saving the living fossils in Ziarat, Balochistan, home to world»s second largest Juniper forest. © Azhar Saeed, IUCN Pakistan

institutional capacity for systemic planning andmanagement at the local, national and regional levels, witha view to improving the living conditions of localcommunities and reducing the loss of biodiversity in theHKKH region.

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

IUCN Pakistan has been playing its role in disastermanagement, especially since the 2005 earthquake thatcaused unprecedented damage in the northern parts ofPakistan. Soon after the 2005 earthquake occurred, ourteam undertook emergency response activities and anassessment of environmental risks and needs in theaffected areas. Our efforts in the area continue, with oursupport to Asian Development Bank in providingemergency assistance in three sectors-transport, healthand education. This intervention contributes towardsensuring minimum environmental impact of developmentalactivity, while also building ground for integration ofenvironmental aspects in future planning.

Additionally, we are engaged in developing a climatechange based disaster management strategy forBalochistan, in addition to preparing disaster managementplans for selected areas in the province. Moreover, we areimparting training on disaster preparedness and protectiveplantation of mangroves in the coastal belt of Pakistan.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECOSYSTEM

Under the ambit of climate change work several targetswere attained, in particular through the Technical Advisory

Panel on Climate Change (TAP-CC). This Panel wasestablished in 2008 and encompasses a pool of expertswho facilitate research, provide advice to nationalinstitutions and share knowledge for informed decisionmaking. As a result of TAP-CC»s efforts, climate changehas been notified by the government as a priority nationalagenda that needs to be addressed with cooperativeinvolvement from all tiers of society. Another milestoneachieved by the Panel was its role in ensuring multi-stakeholder involvement in the regional conference titled«Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities for SouthAsia», organized by IUCN in January 2009. The conferenceserved as the curtain raiser for the Year of Environment2009 in Pakistan and provided the impetus for policyplanning in sectors most susceptible to climate change,i.e. agriculture, water and disaster management.

We also provided support to Pakistanªs delegation toUNFCCC»s COP 15 (held in Copenhagen in December2009), to ensure that the team is well versed andinformed on key issues to be highlighted at the event.Input was collated from a diverse group, ranging fromgovernment representatives to civil society members.Post event activities include devising an agenda for anational level programme addressing climate changeconcerns.

Furthermore, since the transportation sector is one of themain contributors of greenhouse gases, we haveundertaken initiatives to create awareness on better airquality management practices and sustainabletransportation. We helped address air pollution concernsat source and catalyzed the formation of three Clean Air

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Regional Conference on ≈Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities for South Asia∆. © IUCN Pakistan

Coordination Committees, in Karachi, Peshawar andQuetta. These Committees work for the institution of airquality monitoring mechanisms, sustainable transport anddevelopment of linkages with educational institutes forresearch and capacity building.

Additionally, our programme in Balochistan hasundertaken a capacity mapping exercise in partnershipwith government line departments and civil society, in anattempt to gauge the expertise and support available forclimate change awareness and advocacy endeavors.Our team is also engaged in identification of sites forclimate change related demonstration projects. Likewise,they are conducting studies on climate changevulnerability assessment, and economic and ecological valuation.

Several knowledge based products on climate changewere developed in 2009 and have been listed in thesubsequent section titled «Knowledge Products».

BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND NATURE

To integrate ecosystem conservation values in thebusiness sector, key initiatives that were undertaken in2009 include utilization of EFR options, which finance pro-poor environmental management in conjunction with otherdevelopment activities. The concept explores usage offiscal instruments to influence behavior, providingincentives for environmental protection and biodiversityconservation by directly or indirectly modifying the pricesof biodiversity related goods and services. Available

instruments include taxation, tax exemptions, permittrading, tax rebates, direct expenditure, programmeexpenditure and tax credits. The concept requires thattaxes are adjusted to make them sensitive toenvironmental impacts and create incentives for greenerpractices. Revenues from these taxes are then «recycled»to achieve environmental and poverty-reduction aims,including programmes aimed at achieving developmenttargets, such as water supply, sanitation, education andhealth facilities.

Another initiative targeted towards greening the economyincludes our Business and Biodiversity Programme. TheProgramme engages with the corporate sector and hasmade considerable progress in its attempt to increasebusinesses» understanding of the conservation imperativeand business opportunities in nature conservation. As astep towards achieving this, a Memorandum ofUnderstanding has been signed with the Federation ofPakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry, an apexbody representing business efforts in the country. TheProgramme is actively holding discussion for collaborativework with several corporate entities, such as Aga KhanFund for Economic Development, Barclays, Engro Polymerand Chemicals Limited, Espresso Coffee Houses (Pvt)Limited, Pakistan Petroleum Limited, Pakistan State OilCompany Limited, Tourism Promotion Services (Pakistan)Limited and media houses, in an attempt to devise greensolutions for businesses, raise biodiversity performancestandards, reduce carbon footprints, set examples for bestpractices, and enhance efforts for corporate social andenvironmental responsibility.

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© SDPI

KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS

Our knowledge based products form part of our thematicprogrammatic activities geared towards providing naturebased solutions to growth. The main products of 2009include the following (in alphabetical order):● Community Perceptions on Climate Change in

Bagrote Valley● Community Perceptions on Climate Change in

Shigar Valley● Disaster Management in Pakistan● Droughts and Floods: A Study on Community Coping

Strategies in Dryland Areas of Balochistan● Drylands of Balochistan: Kharan Desert

● Studies on Environmental Fiscal Reform in Abbottabad: - Drinking Water- Fiscal Decentralisation- Mining and Quarrying- Revenue and Expenditure- Solid Waste Management

● Flora of Ziarat: Ethnobotanic and Medicinal Importance● Friday Sermons and Environmental Protection● Gap Analysis of Government of Pakistan»s Agriculture

and Water Policies with Respect to Climate Change● Integrated District Development Vision Handbook● Vulnerabilities in Agriculture in Pakistan● Water Vulnerabilities in Pakistan

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Project Portfolio 2009 at a Glance

Project

Balochistan Partnerships for Sustainable Development

Building Coalitions for Change to Implement Pro-PoorEnvironmental Fiscal Reforms

Capacity Building for Institutions Related toEarthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation

Clean Air Initiative for Asian cities

Improving Livelihoods in Shigar through IntegratedPlanning and Development of the Cultural, Natural andBuilt Environments

Institutional Consolidation for the Coordinated andIntegrated Monitoring of Natural Resources towardsSustainable Development and EnvironmentalConservation in the Hindu Kush Karakoram HimalayasMountain Complex

Mainstreaming Biodiversity Conservation intoProduction Systems in the Juniper Forest

National Impact Assessment Programme

Pakistan Wetlands Policy

Post-Earthquake Reconstruction and Revitalization ofExtension Services Management Academy

Punjab Sustainable Development Strategy

Road to Copenhagen Strengthening PakistanParticipation at COP 15

Sindh Coastal Community Development Project

Donor Budget Period(US$)

EKN 6,000,000 Aug 2007 / Jul 2013

SDC 890,000 Jun 2006 / Jun 2010

ADB 150,000 Jul 2008 / Apr 2010

ADB 36,000 Aug 2006 / Sep 2009

DGCS 806,000 Jun 2006 / Jun 2009

DGCS 230,000 Jul 2006 / Sep 2009

GEF/UNDP 1,260,000 Dec 2006 / Mar 2011

EKN 4,240,000 Nov 2009 / Apr 2014

WWF 205,000 Nov 2007 / Nov 2009

Italian Autonomous 140,000 Jul 2009 / Jun 2010Province of Bolzano

Govt. of Punjab 31,000 Sep 2008 / Jun 2010

DFID 82,000 Jul 2009 / Mar 2010

ADB 550,000 Apr 2009 / Mar 2013

OUR FUTURE WORK

As we continue to deliver results through ourongoing initiatives - especially those concerningimpact assessment and integrated water resourcemanagement - there are several other exciting

avenues that are opening up for IUCN Pakistan. One suchopportunity is a result of our pioneering endeavors forcoastal ecosystem management that has led to Pakistanbeing granted membership of Mangroves for FutureProgramme (MFF)2, which works towards integratedcoastal zone management. Through this membership,Pakistan has been made eligible for small and large grantsin this field.

In addition to this, IUCN in Pakistan is venturing towardsachieving several other targets. We have been assignedthe task of establishing a biodiversity park at Murree- a hillstation in the Punjab province- and developing itsmanagement plan. This is a unique initiative in which the

Government of the Punjab has agreed to transform ahousing scheme into a conservation showcase, thuspromoting sustainable use and restoration of indigenousforms of biodiversity in that region. IUCN will also providetechnical assistance to the Federally Administered TribalAreas» (FATA) Secretariat, for strengthening the capacity ofits environment cell to mainstream environment into itsdevelopment planning and mobilize resources for theimplementation of FATA Sustainable Development Plan2006-2015 that was developed with our technical support.Additionally, we will undertake research on food andecosystem security that will lead to implementation ofecosystem based agricultural practices, while also takinginto consideration the impacts of climate change.

We will further strengthen our work on addressing climatechange in Pakistan. The innovative approaches that weadopted to cope with climate change in Pakistan haveproved effective and sustainable due to the groundworkdone through TAP-CC. To translate this effort from policy

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2 MFF was launched by President Bill Clinton in December 2006, as a response to the 2004 Tsunami that hit South East Asiancountries. It is a unique multi-partner regional initiative that promotes good governance and investment in coastal ecosystemconservation for sustainable development. For further details, visit www.mangrovesforthefuture.org

to practice, we are currently developing an overarchingclimate change programme. In addition to this, we areplanning the formulation of the National AdaptationProgramme of Action (NAPA) to Climate Change,Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA), secondnational communication to UNFCCC and a pilotingprogramme for capacity building on the subject.

Furthermore, as an extension of our services towardsestablishing an ecosystem based managementframework for CKNP, we have now been assigned thetask of developing a sustainable development masterplan for the same region.

These outputs will contribute towards our global andlocal mission. We will also continue building activepartnerships with the government, civil society andprivate sector, and enhance our engagement with ourmembers and commissions.

OUR CONSTITUENCY

Our core strength lies in our strong network ofmembers from government and non-government organizations, experts and otherstakeholders from the civil society. We believe

that partnership is pivotal to achieving greater impact and«deep change» towards environmental conservation andsustainable development. In keeping with this approach,we continue to explore and forge effective relationships bybuilding on the strengths of development partners.

Our membership in Pakistan has grown from eight in1990 to 27 in 2009. A complete list of our members andpartners in Pakistan is given at the end of this section. Inaddition to members, we also work with a variety of otherpartners; these include research and educationalinstitutions, government departments, chambers ofcommerce and industry, law networks, media houses andNGOs. Our collaborative endeavors entail participation inprogramme planning, joint projects, correlating initiatives,collaborative advocacy for key issues and support in fundraising. The following are the key stakeholder groups wework with through various partnerships:

Government AgenciesGovernment agencies are key players in delivering thechange that is needed to address challenges related topoverty and environment. IUCN develops and implementsnew and innovative ways to address these challenges inclose collaboration with different government agenciesfrom the national to the local level. Through a joint learningapproach, we spearhead knowledge generation, skillsdevelopment and capacity enhancement.

Civil Society OrganizationsCivil society organizations play a crucial role in furthering thesustainable development agenda. Through advocacy andinterventions, these organizations are often instrumental inreorienting the development related vision of implementingagencies in favour of the environment. Through working withmembers, particularly those belonging to civil society,checks and balances are put in place to ensure a broad-based and well-balanced programme.

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Pakistan National Committee meeting. © IUCN Pakistan

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DONOR PORTFOLIO 2009

International NGOsInternational NGOs, many of which are part of the IUCNnetwork, play an important role in assisting us withadvocacy work and provision of networks, knowledge andtechnical capacity.

MediaA free, accountable and independent media is anincreasingly important element in environmentalgovernance. Availability of information is a prerequisite forthe creation of informed stakeholders who are empoweredto participate meaningfully in negotiations and can serveas watchdogs. IUCN works with the media to strengthenmedia role in addressing emerging environmentalchallenges, their repercussions on core sectors andpossible solutions.

Academic and Research InstitutionsManaging global challenges require investment in scientificresearch, learning processes and adaptive management.Governments need access to international expertise andrelevant networks to adopt and use new knowledge andskills to address environmental issues. IUCN collaborates

with universities, research institutes and researchers todevelop innovative solutions through research grants,scholarship programmes and other partnershipmechanisms.

Private SectorWith the increasing realization of corporate social andenvironmental responsibility, private sector organizationsare key partners in the sustainable developmentendeavours. These partnerships not only complement theeffort but also help advance environmental assessmentprocesses in Pakistan.

DonorsOver the years, some of our significant donors haveincluded Asian Development Bank (ADB), CanadianInternational Development Agency (CIDA), Department forInternational Development (DFID), Embassy of theKingdom of the Netherlands (EKN), European Union (EU),Global Environment Facility (GEF), Italian Ministry ofForeign Affairs (DGCS), Royal Norwegian Embassy (RNE),Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation (SDC) andUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

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PAKISTAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF IUCN MEMBERS

1. Aga Khan Rural Support Programme (AKRSP)

2. Baanhn Beli

3. Belour Advisory and Social Development Organization (BASDO)

4. Government of Gilgit-Baltistan

5. H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry

6. Haashar Association (HAASHAR)

7. Indus Earth Trust

8. Khwendo Kor (KK) / Sister»s Home

9. Leadership for Environment and Development (LEAD), Pakistan

10. National Council for Conservation of Wildlife, Ministry of Environment

11. National Institute of Oceanography (NIO)

12. National Rural Support Programme (NRSP)

13. Pakistan Environmental Protection Foundation (PEPF)

14. Pakistan Institute of Labour, Education and Research (PILER)

15. Planning and Development Department, Civil Secretariat, Federally Administered Tribal Areas

16. Planning and Development Department, Government of the Punjab

17. Planning, Environment and Development Department, Government of the North West Frontier Province

18. Sarhad Rural Support Programme (SRSP)

19. Scientific and Cultural Society of Pakistan (SCSP)

20. Shehri: Citizens for a Better Environment

21. Shirkat Gah √ Women»s Resource Centre

22. Sindh Wildlife Department (SWD)

23. South Asia Partnership - Pakistan (SAP-PK)

24. Strengthening Participatory Organization (SPO)

25. Sungi Development Foundation

26. Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)

27. World Wide Fund for Nature - Pakistan (WWF)

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IUCN PAKISTAN ORGANOGRAM

Constituency

Programme Coordination

Education, Communication andOutreach

Islamabad Office

Balochistan Office (Quetta)

**Sarhad Office

Human Resource

Finance

Administration

IT/Networking

Country OfficeKarachi

Project OfficeZiarat

Project OfficeAbbottabad

*Field OfficePishin/

Mastung

Field OfficeLasbella

Field OfficeQila Saifullah

Field OfficeGwadar

* Currently based in Quetta due to security reasons** Temporarily moved to Islamabad due to security reasons

Ecosystem and Livelhoods Group

Business and Biodiversity, Coastal Ecosystems, Global Change, Natural ResourceManagement, Water

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CONTACTS

KarachiCountry Office1 Bath Island Road, CliftonKarachi 75530Tel. +92 (21) 35861540Fax +92 (21) 35861448

IslamabadProgramme OfficeHouse 21, Street 88G-6/3, IslamabadTel: +92 (51) 2271027Fax: +92 (51) 2271017

QuettaProgramme OfficeMarker Cottage, Shahrah-e-ZarghoonQuettaTel: +92 (81) 2840450Fax: +92 (81) 2820706

AbbotabadField OfficeNear Town Library, Nawanshehr GroundNawanshehr, AbbotabadTel: +92 (992) 543955

GwadarField OfficeGwadar ClubRural Community Development CentreClub Street, Fish Harbour Road, GwadarTel: +92 (864) 211646Fax: +92 (864) 211646

LasbelaField OfficeAgriculture (extension) Complex, Coconut FarmMain Highway Road, Uthal, District LasbelaTel: +92 (853) 610930

Qila SaifullahField OfficeCommunity Hall, Officers ColonyDistrict Qila SaifullahTel: +92 (823) 500933Fax: +92 (823) 610821

ZiaratField OfficeLoralai Road, Opp. Judicial Magistrate Office, ZiaratTel: +92 (833) 560200Fax: +92 (833) 560254

With many thanks to all the staff who contributed.

Cover and Backcover PhotographsAli Nawaz Channa

Asghar Shah IUCN Pakistan

Karl Schuler

© 2010 International Union for Conservation ofNature and Natural Resources, Pakistan

CompilationFizza Shah

EditingHamid Sarfraz

Safia ShafiqSyed Sarmad Hasan

DesignAzhar Saeed

PrintingRosette Printers

Available IUCN PakistanCountry Office

1 Bath Island RoadKarachi 75530, Pakistan