Hair Loss Hair Loss ProblemsProblems

CONTENTCONTENT

Alopecia ?◦Types

PsoriasisLichen PlanusSeborrheic dermatitis

AlopeciaAlopecia

AlopeciaAlopecia

AndrogenicAndrogenic

Female patternFemale pattern Male patternMale pattern

AreataAreata TotalisTotalis UniversalisUniversalis

Hair loss or baldness (technically known as alopecia) is a loss of hair from the head or body

Androgenic alopeciaAndrogenic alopecia

• Androgenic alopecia is hair loss that occurs due to an underlying susceptibility of hair follicles to androgenic miniaturization.

• It is the most common cause of hair loss and will affect up to 70% of men and 40% of women at some point in their lifetime.

• The major cause of hair loss in androgenic alopecia is dihydrotestosterone, in which DHT collects over the follicles and obstruct the blood and nutrition supply to hairs.

Male patternMale pattern• Men typically present with hairline recession at the temples

and vertex balding. • Both genetic and environmental factors play a role, and many

etiologies remain unknown.• Androgenic hair loss in males begins above the temples and

vertex, or calvaria, of the scalp.• The Hamilton-Norwood scale has been developed to grade

androgenic alopecia in males.

Female patternFemale pattern• Female androgenic alopecia has been colloquially referred to

as 'female pattern baldness', although its characteristics can occur in males as well.

• Causes diffuse thinning without hairline recession.• Rarely leads to total hair loss.• The Ludwig scale grades severity of androgenic alopecia in

females.• Women normally diffusely thin over the top of their scalps.

Alopecia areata Alopecia areata

Alopecia areata contd.Alopecia areata contd.• Alopecia areata (AA) is a condition in which hair is lost from

some or all areas of the body, usually from the scalp.• Causes bald spots on the scalp, especially in the first stages.• Sometimes called spot baldness. • Typical first symptoms of AA are small bald patches. • The underlying skin is unscarred and looks superficially

normal. • These patches can take many shapes, but are most usually

round or oval. • AA most often affects the scalp and beard, but may occur on

any hair-bearing part of the body.• Different skin areas can exhibit hair loss and regrowth at the

same time. • The disease may also go into remission for a time, or may be

permanent. It is common in children.

Alopecia areata cont. Alopecia areata cont. CAUSE:•Alopecia areata is not contagious.•It occurs more frequently in people who have affected family members, suggesting heredity may be a factor.•Strong evidence of genetic association with increased risk for AA was found by studying families with two or more affected members. •This study identified at least four regions in the genome that are likely to contain these genes.• In addition, it is slightly more likely to occur in people who have relatives with autoimmune diseases.•The condition is thought to be a systemic autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks its own anagen hair follicles and suppresses or stops hair growth.

Alopecia totalis Alopecia totalis

• Alopecia totalis is the loss of all head hair.

• Its causes are unclear, but believed to be autoimmune.

• Stress is thought to be a contributor in alopecia areata.

• However, many with the disorder lead relatively low stress lives.

Alopecia universalisAlopecia universalis

• Alopecia universalis or alopecia areata universalis is a medical condition involving rapid loss of all hair, including eyebrows and eyelashes.

• It is the most severe form of alopecia areata, with an incidence of .0005% (1 in 200,000).

PsoriasisPsoriasis

PsoriasisPsoriasis• Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease that affects the

skin. • It is typically a lifelong condition. There is currently no cure,

but various treatments can help to control the symptoms.• Psoriasis occurs when the immune system mistakes a normal

skin cell for a pathogen, and sends out faulty signals that cause overproduction of new skin cells.

• It is not contagious.• Psoriasis has been linked to an increased risk of stroke, and

treating high blood lipid levels may lead to improvement.• There are five types of psoriasis: plaque, guttate, inverse,

pustular, and erythrodermic.[6] • The most common form, plaque psoriasis, is commonly seen

as red and white hues of scaly patches appearing on the top first layer of the epidermis (skin).

Lichen PlanusLichen Planus

• Lichen planus (LP) is a disease of the skin and/or mucous membranes that resembles lichen.

• It is thought to be the result of an autoimmune process with an unknown initial trigger. Where the trigger is known, the term lichenoid lesion is used instead.

• There is no cure, but many different medications and procedures have been used to control the symptoms.

Seborrhic dermatitisSeborrhic dermatitis• Seborrhoeic dermatitis (also

seborrheic dermatitis AmE, seborrhea) (also known as "seborrheic eczema") is an inflammatory skin disorder affecting the scalp, face, and torso.

• Typically, seborrheic dermatitis presents with scaly, flaky, itchy, and red skin.

• It particularly affects the sebaceous-gland-rich areas of skin.

• In adolescents and adults, seborrhoeic dermatitis usually presents as scalp scaling similar to dandruff or as mild to marked erythema of the nasolabial fold.