Aboriginal Nations – Part Two
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Transcript of Aboriginal Nations – Part Two
The White Paper of 1969
• Issued by P.M. Pierre Trudeau and Indian Affairs Minister Jean Chretien
• Proposed dramatic changes to lives of Aboriginal people
The White Paper of 1969
• Repeal Indian Act
• End “special status”
• Assimilation• Believed this
would lead to fewer problems
The Red Paper• The White Paper was rejected by the aboriginal community
• The National Indian Brotherhood issued the Red Paper and demanded Self Government• The right to control their own affairs
• In 1971 the “White Paper” was withdrawn
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyjcS-00Izk
Protests
• In the 1990’s there were growing rates of poverty, addiction & suicide on reserves
• Land claim negotiations were moving slowly
• Protests were organized
Oka, Quebec (1990)
• Town officials decided to expand a 9-hole golf course
• Would impact sacred Mohawk land
• Mohawks set up blockades of major roads for 6 months
Oka, Quebec (1990)
• Mayor called in provincial police
• July 11: officer was killed
• Daily violent confrontations occurred
• Premier Bourassa called in Canadian Forces
• September: Standoff ended
Oka, Quebec (1990)
• Solution = federal gov’t bought land, negotiated transfer to Kanesatake First Nation
Self-government
• 1982: Assembly of First Nations was created
• Purpose: to represent Aboriginal peoples in dealings w/ government
• Goal: Aboriginal groups becoming responsible for: policing, health care, education Shawn Atleo
Nisga’a Treaty
• 1998: Nisga’a of B.C. signed unique treaty w/ federal & provincial gov’ts
• Granted self-government
• Ownership of land, including all resources, fishing & hunting rights