ABO Incompatibility and Rhesus Factors
-
Upload
afifa-pepi -
Category
Documents
-
view
253 -
download
9
description
Transcript of ABO Incompatibility and Rhesus Factors
Blood Grouping and Related Diseases
Immunology course01-09-2015
Pepi, Resvi, Suzzane, & Arjan
Blood grouping 35 blood group systems ABO system (surface antigen) & Rh system
(Transmembrane protein) ABO system : antigen A, B. blood typing :
A B AB O
Rh system : D antigen. Blood typing : Rh- & Rh+
ABO Incompatibility
Hemolytic disease of newborn : erythroblastosis
fetalis
Rhesus D incompatibility Rhesus D negative
Asian population: <1% Caucasion population: 16%
During pregnancy you can find fetal red blood cells in the circulation of the mother First trimester in 3% of cases Second trimester: 12% Third trimester: 45% During delivery: 50%
Highest chance of sensitization during detachment of placenta after delivery!
In USA in Rhesus D negative women with a Rhesus D+ child only in 1 per 1000 births (0.1%) rhesus sensitization occurs!
Medscape.com; Liumbruno et al; Blood transfusion, 2010
Diagnostical tests
Diagnostical tests
Prevention and treatment Antenatal Anti-D immunization
Small amount of anti-D anti-bodies are given to the mother >28th weeks of pregnancy
Self limiting in less severe cases Exchange transfusions in very severe cases
Medscape.com; Liumbruno et al; Blood transfusion, 2010
ITP