Abdel Boukachabine - decus.de · HP IT-Symposium 2006 3 Oracle 10g certification for 6.40 kernel...

HP IT-Symposium 2006

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Oracle10g for SAP Technical Overview

Abdel BoukachabineSenior Consultant PresalesOracle/SAP GTC Walldorf


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AGENDA• 10g Integration in the SAP environment• 10g features for SAP• 10g features supported later by SAP• Oracle10g Backup and Recovery

• Flash Recovery Area• Incremental Backup

• Data Guard• High Availability for SAP Resources• Self-Managing Database

Oracle 10g certification for 3.x & 4.x kernels

SAP Releases 31I, 40B, 45B and 46B will notgenerally be certified with Oracle 10g.

Using Oracle 10.2 on the start release during an upgrade to a SAP product that requires Oracle 10.2 (e.g. NW2004s) is allowed! See OSS note 819655.

Limitations in database monitors (e.g. ST04) and system copy.

SAP products based on the 4.6D_EXT kernelwhich are at least in SAP Extended Maintenance beyond 2006 will be certified for Oracle 10.2 during second half of May 2006.

E.g. R/3 46C SR2, APO 3.10, … see OSS note 940794


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Oracle 10g certification for 6.40 kernel

SAP products based on the 6.40 kernel which are at least in SAP Extended Maintenance beyond 2006 are already certified for Oracle 10.2.

E.g. R/3 Enterprise 47 EXT2 SR1, SAP NetWeaver 2004 SR1, ERP 2004, …See OSS note 940794 for more details

However, there are delays on some OS platforms:

Windows IA32 Early May 2006Windows x64 Early May 2006 Windows IA64 Mid May 2006 Linux IA64 End May 2006 HPUX IA64 Mid May 2006 HP Tru64 July 2006

10g Features for SAP• Instant client• Rename Tablespace• Online Segment Shrink• End-to-End Tracing• Online LONG to LOB Migration• 10g Real Application Clusters (RAC)

• Integrated Clusterware• Single System Image Management• Data Guard Integration for Disaster Recovery


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Instant Client• Easier deployment as only three Oracle client files are needed

for SAP kernel installation

• No more dependence on SAP, customers can pick up the client also directly from OTN

• Instant Clients are now patched regularly once per patchset rather than on-demand as in the past

• Since all NLS / message files are combined into one data shared library, customers don't need to worry about NLS incompatibilities within their setup

• Storage requirement is reduced as compared to standard client installation

• For Windows because of instant client light, we have a smaller memory footprint resulting in benefit in 32-bit environments

Instant Client• INSTALLATION with very minor download and setup

time• Only with SAP Kernel 7.0 and above or BR*Tools 7.0 and above• Only Instant client 10.2.0.2 is recommended• Extract OCL10264.SAR into /oracle/client/10x_64 =>instanclient_10202• Create link from instanclient_10202 to /oracle/client/10x_64\instantclient• set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../exe/run:/oracle/client/10x_64/instantclient• LD_LIBRARY_PATH mustn’t contain another ORACLE_HOME• Official instant client site on OTN:http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/oci/instantclient/instantclient.html

Check SAP Note 819829 for more details


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Rename Tablespace• 9i and prior releases: create a new tablespace, copy the

contents from the old tablespace, and drop the old tablespace

• Benefits by 10g:• Migration from dictionary managed to locally managed

tablespaces can be done online• Tablespace reoganization with BRSPACE• Transport tablespace to a database that already contains a one

with the same name


Online Segment Shrink• preferred method for defragmenting a segment and

recovering free storage space without reorganization• No downtime is required• No aditional storage space is needed (reorg. needs double of space)• Smaller redo log data than in an online reorganization• Either on Oracle level or with SAP tools as of Release 7.00

• Prerequisites: 10g, ASSM, no tables with LONG and LONG raw fields, no compressed tables

• Table gets locked against changes if a non-commited change exists for the table



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End-to-End Tracing• simplifies the process of diagnosing performance problems in a multitier

environments • Uses a client identifier to uniquely trace a specific end-client through all tiers

to the database server. • It also simplifies management of application workloads by tracking specific

modules and actions in a service.• Workload problems can be identified by End to End Application Tracing for:

• Client identifier: specifies an end user based on the logon Id • Service: specifies a group of applications with common attributes, service level

thresholds, and priorities; or a single application, such as ACCTG for an accounting application

• Module: specifies a functional block, such as Accounts Receivable or General Ledger, of an application

• Action: specifies an action, such as an INSERT or UPDATE operation, in a module

Online LONG to LOB Migration• Supported for SAP systems based on Kernel 6.40 or higher

• For example, supported for SAP R/3 Enterprise 4.70• For example, not supported for SAP R/3 4.6C

• Rough procedure• Select BRSPACE function “tbreorg”• Select BRSPACE reorganization action “long2lob”• Select all database tables (BRSPACE will automatically skip tables

not containing LONG fields)• Optionally, select multiple processing threads• Start the migration

• The migration should be done in locally managed tablespaces

• For the detailed description of the migration see note 646681

• Consider precautious Oracle recommendation in note 835552


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10g features supported later by SAP• Backup Compression• Full Database Begin Backup• Change-Aware Incremental Backups (RMAN)• Secured Redo Transmission• Data Pump• Cross-Platform Transportable Tablespaces• Flashback Technology (table, database)• Recycle Bin• Automated Storage Management

Oracle10g Backup and Recovery:Automatic, Simple, & Reliable


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Flash Recovery Area• Is an Oracle-managed directory, file system, or

Automatic Storage Management disk group• It provides a centralized disk location for backup

and recovery files• Oracle creates archived logs in the flash recovery

area• RMAN can store its backups in the flash recovery

area, and it uses it when restoring files during media recovery

• The flash recovery area also acts as a disk cache for tape.

Flash Recovery Area• Oracle recovery components interact with the flash recovery area

ensuring that the database is completely recoverable using files in flash recovery area.

• Following is a list of recovery-related files in flash recovery area:• current control file, control file autobackups, control file copies• online logs, archived logs• flashback logs• datafile copies• backup pieces

• A single recovery area can be shared by more than one database• Restore and Recovery are faster from disk than tape


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Flash Recovery Area Space Management

Disk limit is reached and a new file needs to be written

into the Flash Recovery Area

Backup Filesto be deleted

Archive Logs &Database File

Backups

Warning Issued to user

Flash Recovery

Area

Space Pressure occurs

RMAN updateslist of files thatmay be deleted

12

Oracle delete files no longer requiredon disk. (retention policy)

Benefits to Using a Flash Recovery Area

• Unifies the storage location of related recovery files

• Manages the disk space allocated for recovery files automatically

• Simplifies database administrator tasks• Much faster backup• Much faster restore• Much more reliable due to inherent reliability of

disks


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Optimized Incremental Backup• Optimizes incremental

backups• Track which blocks have

changed since last backup• Oracle10g is integrated with

the change tracking file• Changed blocks are tracked

as redo is generated• RMAN backup automatically

uses changed block list

List of ChangedBlocks

Redo Generation

Redo Log

101100101011000011101001011010101110011

ChangeTracking File

Resulting image copy of data file now at SCN 43562

Recovering With Incrementally Updated Backups

Image copyof data file atSCN 23412

RMAN Incremental backup files at

SCN 43562

Update image copy of data file to a more recent

state

RMAN

RECOVER COPY OF DATAFILE


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Incremental Backup Benefits• reduces backup size• requiring less space• narrows the backup window• reducing the amount of data moving across the

network• BW:

• NOLOGGING mode and data changes do not go to the archived log files

• no media recovery is possible• full backups are neither desirable nor practical • incremental backups in RMAN is an ideal alternative.

Eliminate Full Database Backups

Database Area

Production DB &Change Tracking

WeeklyArchiveTo Tape

Two Independent Disk Systems

Flash Recovery Area

Archive Logs &Backup of DB

Nightly ApplyIncrementalBackup10110

0001110101

Much Faster & Easier

• Oracle10g fully automates disk based backup and recovery

• Flash Recovery Area holds full backup of database & archive logs

• Changed blocks are tracked in production DB, so full scan is never needed

• Nightly incremental backup is used to roll forward recovery area backup


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Disk Based B&R Benefits

• Much faster backup• Just propagate changes to recovery area• Dramatic difference for large databases

• Much faster restore• Copy backup files from Recovery Area• Or simply use the copy in the Recovery Area

• Much more reliable due to inherent reliability of disks• Tapes not needed for normal backup/recovery,

only for archiving

Oracle Data Guard 10g Objectives

• Establish Data Guard as an extremely• easy-to-use• low-cost• comprehensive• reliable

• Disaster Recovery solution for enterprise data


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Data Guard 10g New Features• General new features

• Real Time Apply• Flashback Database Integration• Secured Redo Transport

• SQL Apply new features (not for SAP)• Zero Downtime Instantiation• Rolling Upgrades• Additional Datatypes

• Data Guard Broker & Enterprise Manager new features• RAC integration• Simplified browser-based interface focused on best practices

Real Time Apply• Redo data is applied to the standby database as soon as it is

received from the primary database• In Oracle9i Data Guard this apply has to wait till an archivelog is

created on the standby database

• For Redo Apply:ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE

• For SQL Apply (not for SAP):ALTER DATABASE START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY IMMEDIATE

• When real time apply is enabled, RECOVERY_MODE column in V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS displays “MANAGED REAL TIME APPLY”


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An up-to-date Physical/Logical

StandbyDatabase

MRP/ LSPRFS

StandbyRedo Logs

ARCH

Real Time Apply Architecture

Archived Redo Logs

Archived Redo Logs

PrimaryDatabase

Transactions

LGWR

Online Redo Logs

ARCH

Oracle Net

Real Time Apply

Real Time Apply – Benefits

• Standby databases now more closely synchronized with the primary• More up-to-date, real-time reporting (logical

standby)• Faster switchover and failover times

• Reduces planned and unplanned downtime• Better Recovery Time Objective (RTO) for DR


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Existing Site Recovery Tradeoffs

• Log apply may be delayed to protect from user errors but:• Switchover/Failover gets delayed• Reports run on old data

• After failing over to standby, production DB must be rebuilt

Primary Database Standby DatabaseRedo

Shipment

DelayedApply

Reporting on delayed data

Flashback Database (supported later by SAP)

• A new strategy for point in time recovery• Eliminate the need to restore a whole

database backup• Integrated seamlessly with RMAN

• Think of it as a continuous backup• Restores just changed blocks

• It’s fast - recover in minutes, not hours• It’s easy - single command restore

RMAN> FLASHBACK DATABASE TIMESTAMP to_timestamp('2003-08-15 16:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');


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Enhanced DR with Flashback Database

• Flashback DB removes the need to delay application of logs• Flashback DB removes the need to reinstantiate primary after failover• Real-time apply enables real-time reporting on standby

Real Time Apply

No Delay!

Real TimeReporting

Flashback Log

Flashback Log

Primary: No reinstantiation after failover!

RedoShipment

Primary Database Standby Database

Secured Redo Transport• Redo data transmission between primary and standby

databases is now more secured

• Enables a Primary-Standby pair to authenticate each other using SYS credentials before shipping and accepting redo data

• If the Oracle Advanced Security Option is installed at every site, the redo data is also encrypted for network transmission and validated for data integrity upon receipt by the standby database


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Example – Ease of Use

• Switchover using Enterprise Manager is now literally two mouse clicks


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Switched!

10gR2 Data Guard new features

• Fast-Start Failover to Standby Database (observer)• Old primary is automatically reinstated as standby, but not

available for “maximum performance” protection mode• Faster Redo Apply Failover to activate a standby (without

restart if the database has never been opened read-only)• Easy conversion of a Physical Standby database to a reporting

(read/write) database, and flashed back to a point in the past• Real Time Apply as soon as they are written to Standby Redo

Logs (SRL)• Intergration with Flashback Database


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Providing High Availability for SAP Resources

Standard Configuration (CI)

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

CentraI Instance

Msg-Server

Enqueue

Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

AS

DatabaseSingle Point of Failure

Single Point of Failure

Single Point of failure

Single Point of failure


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Replicated Enqueue x

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

Host A

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

VirtualEnqueue Host

StandaloneEnqueue

Server

Enqueue Replication

Server

Message Server

Host B

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

Replicated Enqueue x

Host A

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

Message Server

AS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

VirtualEnqueue Host

StandaloneEnqueue

ServerAS Dp

WP1 WP2 WP3

For further Information about SAP‘s Replicated Enqueue Server please see OSS notes 524816 & 623621

Host B


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High Availability for SAP Resources

• Enqueue Service maintains a copy of the lock table

• SAP Control (SAPCTL) was created by Oracle as a Clusterware tool

• It manages SAP Enqueue Service, SAP Replication Service and virtual IP (VIP) for communication

• It makes SAP resources high available• VIP and Enqueue Service fail over

Source: IOUG 2001 DBA Survey



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Self-Managing Database


Load Data 6%

Ongoing System Management55%

Software Maintenance6%

Install 6%Create & Configure

12 %

Where DBA’s spend their time


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Ongoing System Management55% of DBA’s time is spent in ongoing

management, monitoring and tuning

1. Performance Diagnosis & Troubleshooting2. Space & Object Management3. SQL & Application Tuning4. System Resource Tuning5. Backup and Recovery


• Automatically collect and compute important statistics, SQL workload, feature usage

• Direct memory access• Periodically flush snapshots to disk• Base-lining capability• Primarily build for automating internal

components

Automatic Workload Repository (supported later by SAP)


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Automatic Workload Repository

SYSAUX

SGA

In memorystatistics

MMON

7:00am

7:30am

8:00am

WR SchemaSnapshot 1Snapshot 2Snapshot 3

Snapshot 48:30am

8:30am

ADDM finds top problems

Automatic Shared Memory Tuning

• Automatically resizes with changes in workload

• Maximize usage of available memory

• Only 2 memory parameters

SGA Pool

PGA Pool

Large Batch Jobs

sort

Java Pool

SQL Cache

Large Pool

Buffer Cache

SQL Cache

sort

Online Users

Large Pool

Buffer Cache

Java Pool


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Benefits of Automatic Shared Memory Management

DB_CACHE_SIZESHARED_POOL_SIZELARGE_POOL_SIZEJAVA_POOL_SIZE

Enable Automatic Shared Memory Management

SGA_TARGET


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Resources

• Maximum Availability Architecture white papers: http://otn.oracle.com/deploy/availability/htdocs/maa.htm

• Data Guard internal site: http://dr.us.oracle.com/

• Data Guard home page on OTN: http://otn.oracle.com/deploy/availability/htdocs/odg_overview.html

• OLTP internal site: http://oltp.us.oracle.com/

• HA Portal on OTN: http://otn.oracle.com/deploy/availability/

Oracle for SAP resources• Homepage: http://www.oracle.com/newsletters/sap

• SAP on RAC:

• http://service.sap.com/dbaora -> Media Library ->Oracle RAC

• 828268 Oracle 10g features

• 527843 10g and RAC for more details

• 720886 10g Integration in the SAP environment

• 581320 FAQ Oracle for SAP


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Q U E S T I O N SQ U E S T I O N SA N S W E R SA N S W E R S

Abdel Boukachabine - decus.de · HP IT-Symposium 2006 3 Oracle 10g certification for 6.40 kernel...

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