ABCD – 社工的角色

ABCD 與青年工作

ABCD – 社工的角色

FACILITATION"TO MAKE EASY, PROMOTE, HELP FORWARD

AN ACTION OR RESULT, TO REMOVE DIFFICULTY, PROMOTE EASE OR READINESS WITH APTITUDE, DEXTERITY OR FLUENCY"

(Dictionary definition)

POSSIBLE ROLES OF A FACILITATORCreate an atmosphere of energy, excitement and optimismDemystify concepts, processes and strategiesOptimise the knowledge and expertise of participating groups/individualsBroker experiences, models, methodologies, networks and resources that may be relevant.Encourage collaborative efforts between relevant groups and networks

NATIONAL COMMUNITY BUILDING NETWORK

(USA) EIGHT KEY PRINCIPLES

Integrate community development and human services strategy Forge partnerships through collaboration Build on community strengths Start from local conditions Foster broad community participation Require racial equity Value cultural strengths Support families and children

LESSONS FROM HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE AND ENTERPRISING COMMUNITIES

Embraces change, shapes its future and engenders a sense of belief and expectationFocuses on the sustainable triple bottom line – economic viability, environmental integrity, and community well beingBuilds from the inside outEncourages broad based participation, social connectedness, inclusiveness and diversity of thinkingFocuses on assets and capacities, not weaknesses and deficiencies

LESSONS FROM HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE

AND ENTERPRISING COMMUNITIES (Cont’d) Acts in a holistic, entrepreneurial and opportunity obsessive mannerContinually renews and builds a diversified leadership baseActs strategically and commits to long term and continuous community dialogue, planning, action and evaluationValues collaboration, networking and clusteringChampions passionate and entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviours

CHAMPIONS PASSIONATE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS

DreamingPositive MindsetNew PossibilitiesExperimentationRisk TakingNew ThinkingOpportunity Obsession

FOSTERS:

ABCD 與青年工作

YOUNG PEOPLE

CAUSE PROBLEMS

HAVE PROBLEMS

ARE PROBLEMS

「青年變成青少年的原因就是因為我們沒有提供他們事情去做。我們不覺得他們有生產力，只把他們視為容易受騙上當的消費者。」

湯瑪士．海恩斯，青少年的崛起與沒落（ The Rise and Decline of the America T

eenager ）

青年—是成長階段 ?還是社區的一份子 ?

主流看法 : 青年是一個由兒童到成人的成長 / 過渡階段 , 而其身份認同的確立是標誌著過渡期的完結。問題是若兒童過早接納 / 或完全拒絕成人世界的價值 ( 讀好書 , 找好工 , 搵多錢 ), 那麼社會工作的角色是什麼 ?沒有想象 ? 沒有夢想 ? 不能掌握未來 , 這是我們希望見到的青年嗎 ?

青年—是成長階段 ?還是社區的一份子 ?

社區不單是一個居住及工作的空間 , 更重要的是人與人有互動關係的場所 ,

社區本身其實不是一個實體 , 更加是一個想象 / 幻象 ( 互助 , 合作 ) 或感覺 (we-feeling, 團結 , 身份認同 ) 。社區發展正正是要建立這種想象和感覺

ABCD 的青年觀

青年人作為我們的工作對象正正需要這種想象和感覺 , 而不單是解決他們的問題我們更希望青年成為主體 (subject), 能計劃及掌握自己的未來而 ABCD 可以更有效令青年人的主體性可以發揮

ABCD 的青年觀

青年人有衝勁 , 有想象力是社區進步及發展的重要動力 , 所以亦是社區中重要的人力資產 .

而在社區中亦有重要的文化資產及社會資產 , 可以為青年人提供學習 , 想像 , 與發現的空間

‘CHANGING THE PARADIGMS ABOUT HOW WE

INVOLVE YOUNG PEOPLEIN COMMUNITY BUILDING’

- SOME THOUGHT STARTERS -

By: Peter KenyonDirector

Bank of I.D.E.A.S(Initiatives for the Development of Enterprising

Action and Strategies)Ph: 61 – 8 – 6293 1848Fax: 61 – 8 – 6293 1137

email: pk@bankofideas.com.auweb: www.bankofideas.com.au

UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION BY YOUNG WOMEN AND MEN

Fresh perspectives Great collaborators Make the dollar stretch Passionate about issues, eg, environment / sustainability Impatience Attract the attention of the media Best know what other young people think and want

Problem Problem Solver

Client Change Maker

Recipient Co-Participant

At risk population Leadership asset to be dealt with to be cultivated

Tomorrow’s Part of today’sLeaders Leadership team

Adult in the A citizen todaymaking

PARADIGM CHANGE REGARDING YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN

PRINCIPLES TO ENABLE EFFECTIVE YOUTH PARTICIPATION

enable fun, challenge and excitement;allow participation by choice;avoid pigeonholing of young men and women and generalising about their behaviour, opinions or ideas;maximise the opportunity of success through adequate provision of information, training, support, resources, time and space;address opportunities, needs and issues that are valued and respected by young people, their peers and the community;start with the talents, capacities, assets and skills of young people, rather than their problems and deficiencies;involve young men and women from the start;

create opportunities for young women and men to lead \ and teach; maximise decision making and accountability by young people;develop young peoples awareness of the social, political, economic, cultural and personal aspects of the issues affecting them;make sense of, and demystify adult structures and processes;build active and supportive working relationships between young people and other members of the community;provide opportunities for training and skill development; andencourage opportunities to reflect and analyse their experiences.

(According to the Bank of I.D.E.A.S)

1. Always start with the gifts, talents, knowledge and skills of young people – never with their needs and problems.

2. Always lift up the unique individual, never the category to which the young person belongs. It is “Frank” who sings so well, or Maria the great soccer; never the “at-risk youth” or the “pregnant teen”.

3. Share the conviction that: (a) Every community is filled with useful opportunities for young people to contribute to the community; and (b) there is no community institution or association that can’t find a useful role for young people.

4. Try to distinguish between real community building work, and games or fakes – because young people know the difference.

5. Fight – in every way you can – age segregation. Work to overcome the isolation of young people.

Ten Commandments For Involving Young People In Community Building

6. Start to get away from the principal of aggregation of people by their emptiness. Don’t put everyone who can’t read together in the same room. It makes no sense.

7. Move as quickly as possible beyond youth “advisory boards” or councils, especially those boards with only one young person on them.

8. Cultivate many opportunities for young people to teach and to lead.

9. Reward and celebrate every creative effort, every contribution made by young people. Young people can help take the lead here.

10.In every way possible, amplify this message to young people: “We need you! Our community cannot be strong and complete without you”.

(According to Jody Kretzmann, Institute for Asset Based Community Development)

With5O THINGS ADULTS CAN DO FOR YOUNG MEN AND

WOMEN1. Have a real conversation with a group of young people. Ask young people what they want to do and how you can assist to make that happen. 2. Support community organizations that involve young people in meaningful roles. 3. Start a resource library of videos, photographic and printed materials on youth involvement in your community. 4. Financially and personally support organizations that train young people and adults to work together. 5. Develop a mutual mentorship program between adults and young people.6. Co-create or support along with young people a community centre or place for young people and adults to gather and do constructive things together.7. Listen to young people express their concerns and perspectives about community issues and opportunities and help them take action.8. Be an advocate for young men and women by making sure they’re at the table when you are discussing them. 9. Highlight in the local newspapers the positive contribution of young men and women. 10. Introduce the 'Youth at the Centre' tools as a way of helping young people study and audit their opportunities and challenges of the community, and then to plan and implement projects that will enhance the community.11. Write a letter to a newspaper editor about youth issues with a young person.

12. Respect young people as you would a peer, and talk to them as you would talk to an adult.13. Work with young people to plan a community focussed project.14. Hold a breakfast and invite young people to come and discuss their community, and what they would like to see happen.15. In planning youth development activities, start with the talents, assets and skills of young people, rather than their problems and deficiencies.16. Involve interested young people as consultants, interns, apprentices, and staff.17. Be consistent and clear about your expectations of young people and adults in your home.18. Team up with young men and women and youth-led groups to have a town meeting on a vision for young people in your community.19. Identify and network with young people in your community who are interested in youth and community issues. 20. Network and connect with other adult committed to genuine youth participation principles.21. Provide transportation to young people who would not otherwise be able to participate in community activities.22. Team up with young people to support political candidates at local, state, and national levels who make listening to, and working with young people a priority!23. Help arrange for a radio station to sponsor a call-in show led by young people that allows them to talk about their ideas.24. Help arrange for young people to have a regular audience with the mayor and local council to highlight their ideas for improving social and social opportunities.

25. Work with young people to establish a Youth Council within the community.26. Insist that any development committees operating within the community must reserve several committee places for young people.27. Only go to meetings where youth are invited or you can bring young people with you.28. Create opportunities for young women and men to lead, teach and mentor.29. Advocate for youth-led experiences in the schools so students can learn through hands-on experience. 30. Make your home a comfortable, safe, and affirming place where young people are welcome.31. Help young people create a newsletter for your community on youth issues and perspectives.32. Help young people compile a list of all opportunities for youth involvement in your community. Post it in your local library and schools. Have estate agents give it to new families in town.33. Involve young people as mentors to community and business members in the use of the Internet and E commerce opportunities.34. Email editions of community newspapers to all local young people studying away from the town.35. Maintain a data base of all ex students from the community and communicate each year about the community and its opportunities and solicit development ideas.36. Raise funds for a youth-led organization.37. Avoid pigeon holing of young women and men and generalising about their behaviour, opinions or ideas.

38. Join (or form) with young people a community task force to develop ideas and implement actions to improve community opportunities.39. Support young people in an audit of local businesses in terms of their youth friendliness. 40. Cancel a meeting or engagement so you can spend time with a young person in your family or community.41. Confide in a young person. Ask their advice on issues that you’re struggling with.42. Be an advocate for youth/adult partnerships in your workplace.43. Maximise the opportunity for success by youth led projects by ensuring adequate provision of information, training, support, resources, time and space.44. Value young people’s work and pay them for their work. Don’t assume that just because someone is young they are a volunteer.45. Write notes of appreciation for young people who contribute to the community or achieve in the arts, sports and service.46. Attend events in the area where young people are actively engaged.47. Monitor regional, state and national youth leadership development experiences, and promote participation by local young people. 48. Advocate the local community commit resources for local youth leadership development experiences.49. Avoid interrupting young people.50. DO involve young people in all states of planning, managing and evaluating youth related events and projects. 

(Compiled by the Bank of I.D.E.A.S. Adapted from similar lists by the Innovation Center for Community and Youth Development of the National 4H Council and Search Institute,

USA)

‘ There are only two lasting bequests we can hope to give our

young people – one of these is roots, the

other is wings’

(Hodding Carter)

參考資料黃洪博士 (2006) ： “資產為本社區發展與青年” 小童群益會荃葵區同工訓練會議簡報Peter Kenyon

Director, Bank of I.D.E.A.S (Initiatives for the Development of Enterprising) http://www.bankofideas.com.au/bookshop_frames.html：

CHANGING THE PARADIGMS ABOUT HOW WE INVOLVE YOUNG PEOPLE IN COMMUNITY BUILDING’ - SOME THOUGHT STARTERS – ASSET BASED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTConcept of Healthy Sustainable and Enterprising Communities – Presentation note-

參考資料• IPR Research Asset-Based Community Devel

opment Institute• http://www.northwestern.edu/ipr/abcd.htm

l

• Search Institute Home• http://www.search-institute.org/

• The Appreciative Inquiry Commons• http://appreciativeinquiry.case.edu/

• 社區資源手冊• http://921.yam.com/community/