ABAP Query

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Copyright 2005@SAPTOPJOBS

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TABLE OF CONTENT

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................3Scenario 1.............................................................................................................41. Finding Database tables for creating queries.................................................42. Create a User group ....................................................................................193. Create an Infoset .........................................................................................274. Assign Infoset to User Group.......................................................................395. Create Query ...............................................................................................41Scenario 2...........................................................................................................641. Creating an Infoset ......................................................................................652. Assign Infoset to User group........................................................................863. Create a Query ............................................................................................884. Transporting Queries .................................................................................108

INTRODUCTION

In every project we come across situations where the client is not satisfied by thestandard SAP reports. In such situations most of the times functional consultantshave to be at the mercy of ABAPERS. This not only costs time but also a gooddeal of money for the client.

ABAP Query was a blessing in disguise for both functional SAP consultants aswell as end users of the company. Here, one could easily design various reportswithout any technical knowledge. Functional consultants will find this tool veryuseful and an added skill in today multi tasking environment.

We have attempted to bring you meat of ABAP query in this document. I am sureyou would find this very useful in your current job as a consultant or a end user.

Scenario 1

1. Finding Database tables for creating queries

We want to view the company code segment of the entire customer mastersin the company. Standard reports available do not give the desiredinformation. Therefore we feel the need to create an ABAP Query.

To create an ABAP query you need to know the database table where theinformation exists.

How can that be obtained?

Option 1

We want to see the company code information of a customer.Use the relevant transaction code to see the information. In this case it isFD03

Go to the company code data

Position the cursor on the field Recon. account and press functionkey F1 on the key board to see the field help.

Click on Technical info

Thus you get the Transparent table name – KNB1

Here you have easily got the table.

Option 2

Sometimes the table name is not as easily available as was available inoption 1.

In the same transaction

Click on

Click on the field Name and now again press function key F1 onthe keyboard

Click on

In the above screen transparent table is not visible.

Note down the field name NAME1

In another session type in transaction code SE90 in the command field.

Click

Click

Click

Double click

Update the following:-

Click

Click down to find where customer table for general data appears

We will use the table KNA1 for General data in Customer Master.

2. Create a User group

Use the following path:-

SAP menu à Toolsà ABAP Workbenchà Utilitiesà SAP Queryà SQ01Queries

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Assign users to the user group. You need to assign the users of the particulardepartment to the user group.

Click on

You will update the relevant users who will be using these queries.

Click

Click on

Click

3. Create an Infoset

Click Environmentà Infosets

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Click

You will notice in the above screen that some fields have T above them

This means that in this field text is also available.

Now we need to select fields from the table (left hand side) to the FieldGroup/data fields (right hand side).

Position the cursor on

Then position the cursor on

Click on Insert field(s) in field group

Click

Hold the Ctrl key on the keyboard and select other fields also

By clicking

Click

Click

Click to generate the infoset

The infoset is now ready to use in the query.

Click

4. Assign Infoset to User Group

Update the following:-

Click

Select

Click

Click

5. Create Query

Here we maintain the source fields which are to be updated with the data.

Click to select user group

Select

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Select

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Double click

Click

Double click

Similarly double click other fields to select

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Update the following:-

In the above you screen shot you see that the Customer text is being showing asCustomer number. We need to change this.

Click twice

Click

Click the field will open upChange it to Customer Name

Click on

Click

Click

Click

Click on

Click until you reach

Now you can execute this query

By selecting

Click

Scenario 2

In scenario 1 we saw a simple query, where in all information required wasavailable in a single table.

But that is not the case always. Information which we require is not available in asingle table and is scattered across in more than one table. In such as scenarioyou need to create a join between these tables through a common field betweenthese tables.

In this scenario we want to have information of the customer master with name,address and also the accounting information.

We have seen earlier that the customer address information is available in thetable KNA1 and the accounting information for the customer is available in thetable KNB1. These 2 tables can be joined based on the common field customernumber in them.

Let us proceed with creating a new query

1. Creating an Infoset

Update the following:-

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Click

Click

Select

Click on Settingsà Settings

Click

Select

Now click

Click

Position the cursor on

Click Undo relationship

Click

Click

Now Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Click

Click

Click

Click

Thereafter select all the fields you want to move on the right side.

Press the Ctrl button to select more than one field.

Click

Click

Click until you will see

Select the following fields

Select

Click

Click

Click on

Click

Click

Click

2. Assign Infoset to User group

Click

Select

Click on

Click twice

3. Create a Query

Click Other user group

Click

Click

Click

Uncheck

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Select

Click

Select

Click

Click

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Click

Click twice

Click on

Click thrice

To execute a query

Select

And then Click

4. Transporting Queries

Click

Update the following:-

Click

Click

Click

Click