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ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY

REVIEW LECTURE

BOARD EXAMS

05.28.15

1. ___________ is a psychological experience characterized by concern about future events, and ___________ ischaracterized by concern about current circumstances.a. Panic; anxietyb. Fear; anxietyc. Anxiety; feard. epression; anxiety

!. "hich of the follo#ing is true about generalized anxiety disorder$a. %t is most common in individuals aged 1&'!( years.b. %ts course tends to be chronic.c. %t is the least common of the anxiety disorders.d. %t is more common in men.

). "hy are the ma*ority of people #ho suffer from agoraphobia #omen$a. +hromosomal features related to sensitivity of the hypothalamus'pituitary axis are more common in #omen.b. "omen are more liely to use cognitive distortions in #hich they appraise events as threatening.c. -he hormonal system in #omen sensitizes the female nervous system to stress.d. +ultural factors mae it more acceptable for #omen to avoid situations and to report their fears.

(. arty has a fear of dogs. "hich of the follo#ing suggests that his fear /ualifies as a specific phobia rather than *ust an everyday fear$a. arty0s fear of dogs comes and goes follo#ing an episodic pattern.b. arty o#ns a cat but no dog.c. arty believes that his fear of dogs is reasonable and appropriate.d. arty #ill only #or night shifts, a time #hen he thins all dogs #ill be safely inside.

&. "hich techni/ue appears to be the most effective treatment for phobias$a. exposure to the feared stimulus under therapeutic supervisionb. rapid and repeated exposure to the feared stimulus follo#ed by immediate escapec. hypnosis during #hich fearrelated conflicts are banished from the unconsciousd. challenging the client to see that the fears are irrational, unrealistic, and excessive

2. 3very morning #hen he leaves for #or Anthony has recurring doubts about #hether he loced his front door.4e continues thining about this throughout the day, to the distraction of his #or. Anthony is experiencing5a. obsessionb. derealizationc. panicd. compulsion

6. -he primary symptom of hypochondriasis 7 illness anxiety disorder is5a. fear of developing a diseaseb. fear of spreading a disease

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c. fear of contact #ith diseased individualsd. fear of currently having a disease

8. 9omeone #ho presents #ith the follo#ing symptoms might have hypochondriasis.a. interpreting momentary flutters in the stomach as a sign of illnessb. reluctance to visit the doctor for fear of having a panic attac

c. en*oyment of the immediate attention received #hen visiting a doctord. realization that the presence of an illness could /ualify the individual for fulltime disability benefits

:. +hoose the scenario that best demonstrates a complex somatic symptom disordera. isa reports that she has continuous nausea and is unable to #or, but a medical exam fi nds no sign of illness.isa claims she only feels better #hen her husband stays home to nurse her.b. 3ddie visits 11 different physicians in 2 months but is frustrated that no doctor seems able to mae an ade/uatediagnosis.c. 9herry has physical complaints that have lasted at least 1< years. 4er symptoms include pain in her feet,hands, and nec; alternating diarrhea and constipation; and difficulty #aling. 9herry0s physician cannot find anyillness to account for these complaints.d. Pedro stops #oring because he thins that his ears are t#ice the size they should be and that he loos lie afrea. 4is therapist observes, ho#ever, that Pedro0s ears are a normal size.

1nthe day of her discharge from the hospital, a nurse #aled in as rs. -hompson #as giving +armen a drin offloor cleaner. rs. -hompson0s behavior is consistent #ith5a. parental hypochondriasisb. unchausen syndrome by proxyc. conversion syndrome by proxyd. parental somatization

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1(. ______ describes the experience of losing a sense of your o#n reality, #hereas ______ describes losing yoursense of reality of the external #orld.a. epersonalization; derealizationb. erealization; somatizationc. erealization; depersonalization

d. 9omatization; derealization

1&. -he disorder in 9 %?-@ #ith a symptomatology closest to functional neurological disorder of 9 & isa. malingeringb. body dysmorphic disorderc. somatization disorderd. conversion disorder

12. ichael0s #ife, =ennifer, reported him missing to the police in 1::8. -#o years later she sa# ichael in anairport. 4e lived t#o states a#ay from =ennifer, #as married to another #oman, and had t#o children #ith her.ichael told =ennifer that his name #as anny, not ichael, and that he had never met her before. ichael0spresentation is consistent #ith5a. multiple personality disorderb. dissociative trance disorderc. dissociative identity disorderd. dissociative fugue

16. -he different identities or personalities in dissociative identity disorder are called ______, #hereas the changefrom one personality to another is called a ______.a. mass; transitionb. faces; s#itchc. faades; transitiond. alters; s#itch

18. An individual #ho is experiencing an elevated mood, a decreased need for sleep, and distractibility is mostliely experiencing5a. panic disorderb. maniac. depersonalizationd. hallucinations

1:. "hat is the general agreement among mental health professionals about the relationship bet#eenbereavement and depression$a. Bereavement is less severe than depression in all cases.b. epression can lead to bereavement in many cases.c. Bereavement can lead to depression in many cases.d. 9ymptoms of bereavement and depression rarely overlap.

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!1. "hich statement best characterizes the relationship bet#een anxiety and depression$a. Anxiety usually precedes the development of depression.b. epression usually precedes the development of anxiety.c. Almost all depressed patients are anxious, but not all anxious patients are depressed.d. Almost all anxious patients are depressed, but not all depressed patients are anxious.

!!. "hich theory suggests that depression occurs #hen individuals believe that they have no control over thecircumstances in their lives$a. attribution theoryb. learned helplessnessc. social learning theoryd. theory of e/uifi nality

!). %n treating depressed clients, a psychologist helps them thin more positively about themselves, about theirplace in the #orld, and about the prospects for the future. -his psychologist is basing her techni/ues on #hosemodel of depression$a. 9igmund Freudb. +arl @ogersc. @ollo ayd. Aaron Bec

!(. aintenance treatment for depression can be important because it can prevent5a. transmissionb. bereavementc. incidenced. relapse

!&. "hich of the follo#ing is a ris factor for suicide$a. having a relative #ho committed suicideb. playing aggressive, fullcontact sportsc. a history of multiple marriagesd. an abstract, philosophical cognitive style

!2. -he general adaptation syndrome describes several stages people experience in response to sustainedstress. -hese stages occur in #hich order$a. alarm, resistance, exhaustionb. resistance, alarm, exhaustionc. resistance, exhaustion, alarmd. exhaustion, alarm, resistance

!6. Cext month 9hanti has to tae an important college entrance exam. "hich factor is most liely to influence #hether her response to the exam is positive or negative$a. the genetic vulnerability to stress that 9hanti has inherited from her parentsb. #hether 9hanti #ill be taing the exam in a room by herself or #ith other studentsc. 9hanti0s beliefs about ho# much control she has over the situationd. ho# much time 9hanti has to study before the exam

!8. -he study of ho# psychosocial factors influence cancer is no#n as5

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a. psychopathologyb. psychopharmacologyc. psychooncologyd. oncosociology

!:. "hich of the follo#ing is a ris factor for coronary heart disease$

a. anger that is part of the type A behavior patternb. belligerence that is part of the type B behavior patternc. competitive drive that is part of the type B behavior patternd. carefree disregard for deadlines that is part of the type A behavior pattern

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c. rated the ideal body size heavier than the attractive body sized. rated their current body size smaller than the ideal body size

)2. "hile sleeping, ichael, a &&yearold over#eight male, experiences a cessation in his breathing for shortperiods. ichael0s #ife reports that he snores continuously and never feels rested. ichael0s symptoms areconsistent #ith5

a. narcolepsyb. sleep apneac. sleep'#ae schedule disorderd. cataplexy

)6. -he primary difference bet#een sleep terrors and nightmares is5a. sleep terrors usually begin #ith a scream and stiffening of arms and legsb. children do not remember nightmaresc. sleep terrors occur during C@3 sleep, thus, less liely to be rememberedd. sleep terrors are more prevalent in the population

)8. 9tatistics about sexual activity have suggested that5a. more people engage in oral intercourse than vaginal intercourseb. the ma*ority of people engage in heterosexual, vaginal intercourse in the context of a relationship #ith onepartnerc. 2

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b. a firsttime user does not feel highc. more pleasure from the drug is reported after repeated used. a chronic user experiences #ithdra#al symptoms

&1. @esearch sho#s that the #ay individuals thin about a drug influences the #ay they act #hen using the drug.-his phenomenon is no#n as the5

a. tolerance paradigmb. expectancy effectc. dependency modeld. opponentprocess theory

&!. +arlos0s psychiatrist treats him for cocaine abuse by delivering a shoc #hen +arlos attempts to use cocaine,a treatment no#n as ______. %n contrast, isa0s therapist has her imagine having painful seizures at the sametime that isa is thining about using cocaine, a treatment no#n as ______.a. aversion therapy; covert sensitizationb. contingency management; relapse preventionc. narcotics anonymous; controlled used. agonist substitution; aversive treatment

&). 9ome personality disorders are diagnosed more fre/uently in men than in #omen. >ne explanation for thisdifference is as follo#s5a. 9ymptoms are interpreted by clinicians in different #ays depending on the gender of the person #ith thesymptoms.b. en are more liely to see help from mental health professionals than #omen.c. ost clinicians are men, and they tend to see psychopathology more often in patients of the samegender as themselves.d. Because of hormonal differences, #omen are more liely to have acute disorders and men are moreliely to have chronic personality disorders.

&(. Genetic research and an overlap in symptoms suggest a common relationship bet#een schizophrenia and5a. borderline personality disorderb. schizotypal personality disorderc. schizoid personality disorderd. antisocial personality disorder

&&. "hich symptom is characteristic of persons #ith borderline personality disorder$a. impulsivityb. aloofnessc. maniad. grandiosity

&2. Greeting a ne# ac/uaintance #ith effusive familiarity, crying uncontrollably during a movie, and trying to be thecenter of attention at a party are typical behaviorsof someone #ith5a. borderline personality disorderb. narcissistic personality disorderc. histrionic personality disorderd. paranoid personality disorder

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&6. "hich of the follo#ing statements is most true about borderline personality disorder$a. +hildhood abuse is rare in people #ith borderline personality disorder.b. Borderline personality disorder is more fre/uently diagnosed in men than in #omen.c. Behaviors in borderline personality disorder overlap those seen in posttraumatic stress disorder.d. Borderline personality disorder is seldom accompanied by selfmutilation.

&8. People #ith #hich personality disorder often exhibit childlie, egocentric behaviors$a. paranoidb. antisocialc. schizotypald. narcissistic

&:. An individual #ho is preoccupied #ith details, rules, organization, and scheduling to the extent that it interferes #ith daily functioning may have5a. obsessivecompulsive personality disorderb. narcissistic personality disorderc. antisocial personality disorderd. schizoid personality disorder

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b. monozygotic t#in raised in a different homec. dizygotic t#in raised in the same homed. dizygotic t#in raised in a different home

2&. "hich t#o psychosocial interventions appear to be most helpful for people #ith schizophrenia$a. hypnosis and psychosurgery

b. 3+- and social sills trainingc. psychoanalytic psychotherapy and expressed emotion managementd. family therapy and education and vocational rehabilitation HDhalf#ay housesEI

22. According to the 9&, the t#o symptoms that are characteristic of A4 are5a. inattention and hyperactivityb. echolalia and impulsivityc. hallucinations and delusionsd. obsessions and compulsions

26. 3cholalia is characterized by #hich of the follo#ing behaviors$a. continuously reading the same sentence or #ordsb. repeating the speech of othersc. mimicing the movements of othersd. staring ahead #ithout blining for long periods

28. Behavioral techni/ues are often used to address communication problems that occur #ith autism. ______involves re#arding the child for progressive approximations of speech, and ______ involves re#arding the childfor maing sounds that the teacher re/uests.a. 9haping; discrimination trainingb. odeling; syntax trainingc. %mitating; expression trainingd. Processing; academic training

2:. @esearch has sho#n that A4 in children is associated #ith5a. chronic neglectb. having an alcoholic fatherc. maternal smoing during pregnancyd. death of a parent in early childhood

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6!. "hich is an indicator of abnormal behavior$%. dysfunction%%. distress%%%. atypical response or not culturally accepteda. %b. %, %%

c. %, %%%d. %, %%, %%%

6). People #ho study psychopathology are scientists because of follo#ing #hich order of the practice of science$a. evaluate science create science consume science

b. consume science evaluate science create science

c. create scienceevaluate science consume science

d. consume science create science evaluate science

6(. -he prevalence of a psychological disorder refers toa. number of people in the population that have this

b. number of cases in a given time periodc. types of disorder connect #ith assessment and treatmentd. pattern of occurrence of the disorder

6&. -he lifetime prevalence of phobias for females is 12. -his means%. 12 of the female population #ill have this at some point in their life%%. A female has a 12 chance of having this at some point in her life%%%. females are 12 times more liely to have a phobia than malesa. %%b. %c. %, %%%

d. %, %%

62. -he primitive act of drilling a hole into the sull to release the demon in the brain is calleda. humoral surgeryb. 3+-c. trephiningd. maleficarum

66. -his 9- #as believed to be capable of maing the person have delusions of persecution because of thebacterial organism0s ability to enter the braina. +hlamydia

b. A%9c. 9yphilisd. ?aginal yeast

68. A cognitive explanation to phobia are explained in the follo#ing statements except5%. Attend to negative stimuli%%. %nterpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening%%%. Believe that negative events are more liely toa. %%%

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b. %%c. %d. %%, %%%

6:. "hich statement is true for flooding, a behavioral treatment for phobia$a. %t is *ust as effective as systematic desensitization

b. -his is used as a last resort, #hen gradual exposure has failedc. %t is similar to social sills training in a #ay that both re/uires roleplayd. %n flooding, fearful patients are exposed to demonstrations of other persons interacting fearlessly #ith thephobic ob*ect

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d. 3pigeneric theory

82. -his is the action by #hich a neurotransmitter is /uicly dra#n bac into the discharging neuron after beingreleased into a synaptic clefta. agonizationb. vesicle suction

c. reuptaed. activation

86. -his therapy is no#n as Dre#riting the brainEa. %nterpersonal therapyb. @ealitytestingc. Psychoanalysisd. +ognitivebehavioral therapy

88. -he principle of ______ reminds us that #e must consider the various paths to a particularoutcome, not *ust the resulta. social effectsb. uni/ue determinismc. personalizationd. e/uifinality

8:. 3lsa is careful in undergoing neuropsychological meeting #ithout the use of +- 9can, P3- 9can of @%. 9heis having second thoughts because there is a high ris of false positive, #hich meansa. she might be diagnosed #ith a disorder #ith a disorder comorbid #ith #hat she truly hasb. she might be concluded into not having a brain abnormality #hen really does have itc. she might be concluded into having a brain abnormality #hen she really does not have itd. she might only be diagnosed #ith a disorder based on a brain abnormality

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:). ost common concerns of people #ith body dysmorphic disorder involvea. abdominal fatsb. genitaliac. facial fla#sd. legs

:(. 4oarding disorder is common for ______ than ______, and for ______ than _______ a. lo#er 939; higher 939; female; maleb. lo#er 939; higher 939; male; femalec. female, male; younger; older age groupd. male; female; older; younger age group

:&. +ognitive behavioral perspective on hoarding disorder sees the follo#ing as factors excepta. Poor organizational abilitiesb. Lnusual beliefs about possessionsc. elusions of grandeurd. 3xcessive discipline during childhood

:2. -he main difference of binge eating disorder #ith anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa isa. the presence of selfloatheb. the absence of compensatory behaviorc. bingingd. absence of distorted vie# of physical self

:6. "hich is the correct order of the sexual response cycle$a. desireexcitementorgasmresolution

b. orgasmexcitementdesireresolution

c. excitement

orgasm

resolution

desired. excitementdesireorgasmresolution

:8. -his involves the #omen0s identification of pleasurable areas in the body, follo#ed by partner involvementa. directed masturbationb. anxiety reductionc. arousal reformationd. erogenous therapy

::. "hich statement is not true for gender dysphoria$a. this #as formerly called gender identity disorder

b. a person #ith this disorder believes he or she #as born in the #rong sexc. gender dysphoria0s symptomatology involves a distorted sexual orientationd. a person #ith this disorder is preoccupied #ith getting rid of primary and secondary sex characteristics

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