Ab Psych Board Exams v1

8/15/2019 Ab Psych Board Exams v1

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Abnormal PsychologyReview Lecture Board ExamsMay 27, 2!"

!# $$$$$$$$$$$ is a %sychological ex%erience characteri&ed by concern about 'uture events, and $$$$$$$$$$$ ischaracteri&ed by concern about current circumstances#a# Panic( anxietyb# )ear( anxiety

c# Anxiety( 'eard# *e%ression( anxiety

2# +hich o' the 'ollowing is true about generali&ed anxiety disordera# -t is most common in individuals aged !".2/ years#b# -ts course tends to be chronic#c# -t is the least common o' the anxiety disorders#d# -t is more common in men#

0# +hy are the ma1ority o' %eo%le who su''er 'rom agora%hobia womena# hromosomal 'eatures related to sensitivity o' the hy%othalamus.%ituitary axis are more common in

women#b# +omen are more li3ely to use cognitive distortions in which they a%%raise events as threatening#c# 4he hormonal system in women sensiti&es the 'emale nervous system to stress#d# ultural 'actors ma3e it more acce%table 'or women to avoid situations and to re%ort their 'ears#

/# Marty has a 'ear o' dogs# +hich o' the 'ollowing suggests that his 'ear 5uali'ies as a s%eci'ic %hobia rather than 1ust an everyday 'eara# Marty6s 'ear o' dogs comes and goes 'ollowing an e%isodic %attern#b# Marty owns a cat but no dog#c# Marty believes that his 'ear o' dogs is reasonable and a%%ro%riate#d# Marty will only wor3 night shi'ts, a time when he thin3s all dogs will be sa'ely inside#

"# +hich techni5ue a%%ears to be the most e''ective treatment 'or %hobiasa# ex%osure to the 'eared stimulus under thera%eutic su%ervisionb# ra%id and re%eated ex%osure to the 'eared stimulus 'ollowed by immediate esca%ec# hy%nosis during which 'earrelated con'licts are banished 'rom the unconsciousd# challenging the client to see that the 'ears are irrational, unrealistic, and excessive

8# Every morning when he leaves 'or wor3 Anthony has recurring doubts about whether he loc3ed his 'ront door#9e continues thin3ing about this throughout the day, to the distraction o' his wor3# Anthony is ex%eriencing:a# obsessionb# dereali&ation

c# %anicd# com%ulsion

7# 4he %rimary sym%tom o' hy%ochondriasis ; illness anxiety disorder is:a# 'ear o' develo%ing a diseaseb# 'ear o' s%reading a diseasec# 'ear o' contact with diseased individualsd# 'ear o' currently having a disease


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# hoose the scenario that best demonstrates a com%lex somatic sym%tom disordera# Lisa re%orts that she has continuous nausea and is unable to wor3, but a medical exam 'inds no sign o' illness#Lisa claims she only 'eels better when her husband stays home to nurse her#b# Eddie visits !! di''erent %hysicians in 8 months but is 'rustrated that no doctor seems able to ma3e an ade5uatediagnosis#c# =herry has %hysical com%laints that have lasted at least ! years# 9er sym%toms include %ain in her 'eet,hands, and nec3( alternating diarrhea and consti%ation( and di''iculty wal3ing# =herry6s %hysician cannot 'ind anyillness to account 'or these com%laints#d# Pedro sto%s wor3ing because he thin3s that his ears are twice the si&e they should be and that he loo3s li3e a

'rea3# 9is thera%ist observes, however, that Pedro6s ears are a normal si&e#

!# 9y%ochondriasis, now called -llness Anxiety *isorder, is related to $$$$$$, whereas somati&ation disorder,now called com%lex somatic sym%tom disorder, is lin3ed to $$$$$$#a# obsessivecom%ulsive disorder( schi&oty%al %ersonality disorderb# dissociative disorder( obsessivecom%ulsive disorderc# %sychotic disorders( anxiety disordersd# anxiety disorder( antisocial %ersonality disorder

!!# -n 'actitious disorder:a# the individual is 'a3ing sym%toms 'or %ersonal gain

b# the individual is voluntarily %roducing the sym%toms without any obvious 'inancial or other external incentivesc# the individual is not in control o' the sym%toms but there is no %hysical ex%lanationd# the sym%toms are caused by a yettobeidenti'ied virus

!2# ?orge, a !>yearold male, was hos%itali&ed a'ter his legs colla%sed under him while wal3ing to class# 9e couldnot regain his stance and has been unable to wal3 since, although he des%erately wants to wal3 again# Aneurological exam revealed no medical %roblem# ?orge6s behavior is consistent with:a# somati&ation disorderb# 'unctional neurological disorderc# malingeringd# body dysmor%hic disorder

!0# Mrs# 4hom%son brought her /yearold daughter, armen, to the emergency room, stating that the child hadbeen vomiting nonsto% throughout the morning# armen6s condition im%roved over the course o' several days# @nthe day o' her discharge 'rom the hos%ital, a nurse wal3ed in as Mrs# 4hom%son was giving armen a drin3 o''loor cleaner# Mrs# 4hom%son6s behavior is consistent with:a# %arental hy%ochondriasisb# Munchausen syndrome by %roxyc# conversion syndrome by %roxyd# %arental somati&ation


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!/# $$$$$$ describes the ex%erience o' losing a sense o' your own reality, whereas $$$$$$ describes losing yoursense o' reality o' the external world#a# *e%ersonali&ation( dereali&ation

b# *ereali&ation( somati&ationc# *ereali&ation( de%ersonali&ationd# =omati&ation( dereali&ation

!"# 4he disorder in *=M -4R with a sym%tomatology closest to 'unctional neurological disorder o' *=M " isa# malingeringb# body dysmor%hic disorderc# somati&ation disorderd# conversion disorder

!8# Michael6s wi'e, ?enni'er, re%orted him missing to the %olice in !>>


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b# hy%omanic e%isodes( 'ull manic e%isodesc# both de%ressive and manic e%isodes( 'ull manic e%isodesd# 'ull manic e%isodes( both de%ressive and manic e%isodes

2!# +hich statement best characteri&es the relationshi% between anxiety and de%ressiona# Anxiety usually %recedes the develo%ment o' de%ression#b# *e%ression usually %recedes the develo%ment o' anxiety#c# Almost all de%ressed %atients are anxious, but not all anxious %atients are de%ressed#d# Almost all anxious %atients are de%ressed, but not all de%ressed %atients are anxious#

22# +hich theory suggests that de%ression occurs when individuals believe that they have no control over thecircumstances in their livesa# attribution theoryb# learned hel%lessnessc# social learning theory

d# theory o' e5ui'inality

20# -n treating de%ressed clients, a %sychologist hel%s them thin3 more %ositively about themselves, about their%lace in the world, and about the %ros%ects 'or the 'uture# 4his %sychologist is basing her techni5ues on whosemodel o' de%ressiona# =igmund )reudb# arl Rogersc# Rollo Mayd# Aaron Bec3

2/# Maintenance treatment 'or de%ression can be im%ortant because it can %revent:

a# transmissionb# bereavementc# incidenced# rela%se

2"# +hich o' the 'ollowing is a ris3 'actor 'or suicidea# having a relative who committed suicideb# %laying aggressive, 'ullcontact s%ortsc# a history o' multi%le marriagesd# an abstract, %hiloso%hical cognitive style

28# 4he general ada%tation syndrome describes several stages %eo%le ex%erience in res%onse to sustainedstress# 4hese stages occur in which ordera# alarm, resistance, exhaustionb# resistance, alarm, exhaustionc# resistance, exhaustion, alarmd# exhaustion, alarm, resistance

27# Cext month =hanti has to ta3e an im%ortant college entrance exam# +hich 'actor is most li3ely to in'luence whether her res%onse to the exam is %ositive or negative


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a# the genetic vulnerability to stress that =hanti has inherited 'rom her %arentsb# whether =hanti will be ta3ing the exam in a room by hersel' or with other studentsc# =hanti6s belie's about how much control she has over the situationd# how much time =hanti has to study be'ore the exam

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0/# Research on bulimia nervosa suggests that it most o'ten cooccurs with:a# anxiety disordersb# mood disordersc# %sychotic disorders

d# substance use disorders

0"# -n a study by )allon and Ro&in, 'emale undergraduates:a# rated their current body si&e the same as the ideal body si&eb# rated the ideal body si&e smaller than the attractive body si&ec# rated the ideal body si&e heavier than the attractive body si&ed# rated their current body si&e smaller than the ideal body si&e

08# +hile slee%ing, Michael, a ""yearold overweight male, ex%eriences a cessation in his breathing 'or short%eriods# Michael6s wi'e re%orts that he snores continuously and never 'eels rested# Michael6s sym%toms areconsistent with:

a# narcole%sy . irresistible attac3s o' re'reshing slee% occurring daily, accom%anied by e%isodes o' brie' loss o'muscle tone Fcatale%syGb# slee% a%nea di''iculty breathing at night, snore loudly, %ause between breasts and dry mouth in morningc# slee%.wa3e schedule disorder . disru%ted slee% by brain inability to synchroni&e its slee% %atterns o' day andnightd# cata%lexy . sudden and transient e%isode o' muscle wea3ness accom%anied by 'ull consciousness

07# 4he %rimary di''erence between slee% terrors and nightmares is:a# slee% terrors usually begin with a scream and sti''ening o' arms and legsb# children do not remember nightmaresc# slee% terrors occur during CREM slee%, thus, less li3ely to be remembered

d# slee% terrors are more %revalent in the %o%ulation

0


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d# %lateau

/!# =imone and her %artner have sexual intercourse about once a month# =imone says she wants to have sex butcan6t seem to achieve ade5uate lubrication to ma3e sex en1oyable# =imone6s sym%toms are most consistent with:

a# im%otenceb# sexual aversion disorder . avoidance o' sexual activity causing relationshi% %roblemsc# sexual arousal disorder . inability to res%ond to sexual 'antasies and desire sexual contactd# vaginismus

/2# +hich com%onent is essential to the diagnosis o' 'emale orgasmic disordera# orgasms occur less 're5uently than desiredb# a 2H to 0H reduction in the 're5uency o' orgasms in the last 8 monthsc# a 7H to


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d# the ty%e o' substance used

/# +hich o' the 'ollowing statements most accurately describes the relationshi% between gender and alcoholconsum%tiona# +omen are more li3ely to use alcohol, but men are more li3ely to be heavy drin3ers#b# Men are more li3ely to use alcohol, but women are more li3ely to be heavy drin3ers#c# +omen are more li3ely to use alcohol and be heavy drin3ers#d# Men are more li3ely to use alcohol and be heavy drin3ers#

"# )or mari1uana users, Dreverse tolerance occurs when:a# chronic use renders the user unable to 'eel highb# a 'irsttime user does not 'eel highc# more %leasure 'rom the drug is re%orted a'ter re%eated used# a chronic user ex%eriences withdrawal sym%toms

"!# Research shows that the way individuals thin3 about a drug in'luences the way they act when using the drug#4his %henomenon is 3nown as the:a# tolerance %aradigmb# ex%ectancy e''ect

c# de%endency modeld# o%%onent%rocess theory

"2# arlos6s %sychiatrist treats him 'or cocaine abuse by delivering a shoc3 when arlos attem%ts to use cocaine,a treatment 3nown as $$$$$$# -n contrast, Lisa6s thera%ist has her imagine having %ain'ul sei&ures at the sametime that Lisa is thin3ing about using cocaine, a treatment 3nown as $$$$$$#a# aversion thera%y( covert sensiti&ation FA4 . %airing arousal with an aversive stimuli( electric shoc3 or un%leasantsmellGb# contingency management( rela%se %reventionc# narcotics anonymous( controlled used# agonist substitution( aversive treatment

"0# =ome %ersonality disorders are diagnosed more 're5uently in men than in women# @ne ex%lanation 'or thisdi''erence is as 'ollows:a# =ym%toms are inter%reted by clinicians in di''erent ways de%ending on the gender o' the %erson with thesym%toms#b# Men are more li3ely to see3 hel% 'rom mental health %ro'essionals than women#c# Most clinicians are men, and they tend to see %sycho%athology more o'ten in %atients o' the samegender as themselves#d# Because o' hormonal di''erences, women are more li3ely to have acute disorders and men are more


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li3ely to have chronic %ersonality disorders#

"/# Ienetic research and an overla% in sym%toms suggest a common relationshi% between schi&o%hrenia and:a# borderline %ersonality disorder

b# schi&oty%al %ersonality disorderc# schi&oid %ersonality disorderd# antisocial %ersonality disorder

""# +hich sym%tom is characteristic o' %ersons with borderline %ersonality disordera# im%ulsivityb# aloo'nessc# maniad# grandiosity

"8# Ireeting a new ac5uaintance with e''usive 'amiliarity, crying uncontrollably during a movie, and trying to be the

center o' attention at a %arty are ty%ical behaviorso' someone with:a# borderline %ersonality disorderb# narcissistic %ersonality disorderc# histrionic %ersonality disorderd# %aranoid %ersonality disorder

"7# +hich o' the 'ollowing statements is most true about borderline %ersonality disordera# hildhood abuse is rare in %eo%le with borderline %ersonality disorder#b# Borderline %ersonality disorder is more 're5uently diagnosed in men than in women#c# Behaviors in borderline %ersonality disorder overla% those seen in %osttraumatic stress disorder#

d# Borderline %ersonality disorder is seldom accom%anied by sel'mutilation#

"


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d# %ositive, negative and disorgani&ed

8!# Emotional and social withdrawal, a%athy, and %overty o' s%eech and thought are exam%les o' what ty%e o'sym%toms in schi&o%hrenia

a# %sychoticb# negativec# disorgani&edd# %ositive

82# Rhonda 'ears that her em%loyer is trying to %oison her with gas emitted 'rom the overhead lights in her o''ice#Iiven what you 3now about Rhonda6s thoughts, what subty%e o' schi&o%hrenia is she most li3ely to havea# catatonicb# disorgani&edc# %aranoidd# undi''erentiated

80# +hich disorder is characteri&ed by sym%toms similar to those seen in schi&o%hrenia but o' shorter duration,o'ten with success'ul remission o' sym%tomsa# schi&o%hreni'orm disorderb# delusional disorderc# schi&oa''ective disorderd# bi%olar disorder

8/# +hich sibling o' an individual with schi&o%hrenia is most li3ely to develo% schi&o%hreniaa# mono&ygotic twin raised in the same homeb# mono&ygotic twin raised in a di''erent home

c# di&ygotic twin raised in the same homed# di&ygotic twin raised in a di''erent home

8"# +hich two %sychosocial interventions a%%ear to be most hel%'ul 'or %eo%le with schi&o%hreniaa# hy%nosis and %sychosurgeryb# E4 and social s3ills trainingc# %sychoanalytic %sychothera%y and ex%ressed emotion managementd# 'amily thera%y and education and vocational rehabilitation FDhal'way housesG

88# According to the *=M", the two sym%toms that are characteristic o' A*9* are:a# inattention and hy%eractivity

b# echolalia and im%ulsivityc# hallucinations and delusionsd# obsessions and com%ulsions

87# Echolalia is characteri&ed by which o' the 'ollowing behaviorsa# continuously reading the same sentence or wordsb# re%eating the s%eech o' othersc# mimic3ing the movements o' othersd# staring ahead without blin3ing 'or long %eriods


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8# Research has shown that A*9* in children is associated with:a# chronic neglectb# having an alcoholic 'atherc# maternal smo3ing during %regnancyd# death o' a %arent in early childhood

7# $$$$$$ is a 'orm o' intellectual disability caused by the %resence o' an extra 2!st chromosome#a# *own syndromeb# )ragile J syndromec# PK syndromed# )etal alcohol syndrome

7!# $$$$$$ is characteri&ed by acute con'usion and disorientation( whereas $$$$$$ is mar3ed by deterioration ina broad range o' cognitive abilities#a# *elirium( amnesiab# Amnesia( deliriumc# *ementia( delirium

d# *elirium( dementia con'usional state with organic cause decline( loss o' cognitive 'unctioning

72# +hich is an indicator o' abnormal behavior-# dys'unction--# distress---# aty%ical res%onse or not culturally acce%teda# -b# -, --c# -, ---d# -, --, ---

70# Peo%le who study %sycho%athology are scientists because o' 'ollowing which order o' the %ractice o' sciencea# evaluate science create science consume science

b# consume science evaluate science create science

c# create scienceevaluate science consume science

d# consume science create science evaluate science

7/# 4he prevalence o' a %sychological disorder re'ers toa# number o' %eo%le in the %o%ulation that have thisb# number o' cases in a given time %eriod


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c# ty%es o' disorder connect with assessment and treatmentd# %attern o' occurrence o' the disorder

7"# 4he li'etime %revalence o' %hobias 'or 'emales is !8H# 4his means

-# !8H o' the 'emale %o%ulation will have this at some %oint in their li'e--# A 'emale has a !8H chance o' having this at some %oint in her li'e---# 'emales are !8 times more li3ely to have a %hobia than malesa# --b# -c# -, ---d# -, --

78# 4he %rimitive act o' drilling a hole into the s3ull to release the demon in the brain is calleda# humoral surgeryb# E4

c# tre%hiningd# male'icarum

77# 4his =4* was believed to be ca%able o' ma3ing the %erson have delusions o' %ersecution because o' thebacterial organism6s ability to enter the braina# hlamydiab# A-*=c# =y%hilisd# aginal yeast

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a# cuedb# uncuedc# situationally %redis%osedd# exclusive


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d# ognitivebehavioral thera%y

!# linical signi'icance, as o%%osed to statistical signi'icance, tries to stay away 'rom the seeing %atients more asmore similar than they are, a %henomenon calleda# %atient uni'ormity myth

b# 'alse %ositivec# 'alse negatived# %atient similarity myth

>2# )reud viewed obsessions and com%ulsions as resulting 'rom instinctual'orces, sexual or aggressive, which are di''icult to control or moderate because o'a# early sexuali&ationb# overly harsh toilet trainingc# cor%oral %unishmentd# seduction o' the %arent towards the

>0# Most common concerns o' %eo%le with body dysmor%hic disorder involvea# abdominal 'atsb# genitaliac# 'acial 'lawsd# legs

>/# 9oarding disorder is common 'or $$$$$$ than $$$$$$, and 'or $$$$$$ than $$$$$$$ a# lower =E=( higher =E=( 'emale( maleb# lower =E=( higher =E=( male( 'emale


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c# 'emale, male( younger( older age grou%d# male( 'emale( older( younger age grou%

>"# ognitive behavioral %ers%ective on hoarding disorder sees the 'ollowing as 'actors exce%t

a# Poor organi&ational abilitiesb# nusual belie's about %ossessionsc# *elusions o' grandeurd# Excessive disci%line during childhood

>8# 4he main di''erence o' binge eating disorder with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa isa# the %resence o' sel'loatheb# the absence o' com%ensatory behaviorc# bingingd# absence o' distorted view o' %hysical sel'

>7# +hich is the correct order o' the sexual res%onse cyclea# desireexcitementorgasmresolution

b# orgasmexcitementdesireresolution

c# excitementorgasmresolutiondesire

d# excitementdesireorgasmresolution

>># +hich statement is not true 'or gender dys%horiaa# this was 'ormerly called gender identity disorderb# a %erson with this disorder believes he or she was born in the wrong sexc# gender dys%horia6s sym%tomatology involves a distorted sexual orientationd# a %erson with this disorder is %reoccu%ied with getting rid o' %rimary and secondary sex characteristics

!# =ex reassignment has %rere5uisites# +hich o' the 'ollowing is not one o' these %rere5uisitesa# Above average score in an - testb# Reasonable emotional stabilityc# =uccess'ul ada%tation in the new role 'or at least one year %rior to surgery

d# Ade5uate understanding o' the limitations and conse5uences o' surgery

4he End

Ab Psych Board Exams v1

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