A. A

B. B

Is it more important to take sides in a conflict or remain neutral?

A. Take sides

B. Remain neutral

0%0%

Chapter 4 Growth of the Thirteen Colonies (1607-1770)

Section 3 France and Britain Clash

Why did conflict arise in North America between France and Great Britain?

Britain and France• Two of the strongest

powers in Europe• Competed for wealth and

empire• All over the world• Rivalry caused bitter

feelings between French and British colonists in North America

• Bitterness increased when the British tried to enter the Ohio Valley

• The French controlled this area

• The French did not want to share the fur trade

Hostility Continues• British fur traders built a

fort at Pickawillany• The French attacked the

fort and sent the British traders out of Ohio

• French troops started raiding Maine and New York

• New Englanders captured Louisbourg

• To the disgust of New Englanders, Britain returned Louisbourg to the French

Native Americans Take Sides• France and Britain knew that

the assistance of the Native Americans would be important

• France had more Indian Allies than the British

• The French just wanted fur, they did not want to take Indian land

• French traders often married Indian women

• Also followed Indian customs• French missionaries

convertedconverted many Indians to Catholicism

• Indians helped the French by raiding British settlements

• Example- Hannah Duston

The Iroquois ConfederacyThe Iroquois Confederacy• Most powerful group of

Native Americans in the East

• New York area• Initially five nations-

Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, and Oneida

• Others later joined or were conquered

• 1722- Tuscarora joined• English referred to them

as the Six Nations

The Iroquois • Remained independent with

France and Britain• Traded with both• Played the British and French

against each other• Controlled the Great Lakes area• Mid 1700s the Iroquois came

under pressure when the British moved into the Ohio Valley

• Leaders gave certain trading rights to the British and reluctantly became their allies

• This upset the balance of power between France and Britain

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

A B

C

D

0% 0%0%0%

Why did the Iroquois take sides with the British?

A. The French betrayed them.

B. The French would no longer trade with them.

C. The British moved into some of their territory.

D. The British promised them riches.

American Colonists Take Action• Virginians planed on

settling the Ohio Valley• Fall of 1753- Virginia’s

Governor Robert Dinwiddie sent a surveyor into the land

• Named George Washington

• Washington was 21 years old

• He was told to tell the French that they were trespassing on land that Great Britain claimed

• Washington was to demand they leave

France’s Response to Washington• Washington

delivered the message

• Washington said later, “that it was their absolute designdesign, or plan, to take possession of the Ohio, and by God they would do it”

Washington’s First Command• Spring of 1754-

Washington was a lieutenant colonel

• Washington was sent back to the Ohio country

• With a militiamilitia of 150 men• Was to build a fort at

Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers (Pittsburgh today)

• Washington arrived and found the French were already building Fort Duquesne on that spot

Washington’s Fort• Washington built a small post

called Fort Necessity• British were greatly

outnumbered• The inexperienced troops

attacked a French force• The British quickly

surrendered and returned to Virginia

• Washington’s account was published and he became famous in the colonies and Europe

• He was defeated at Fort Necessity, but he was seen as a hero for attacking the French first

A. A

B. B

C. C

Why was George Washington regarded as a hero?

A. He struck the first blow against the French.

B. He and his troops escaped from the French.

C. He promised to seek revenge on the French.

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Albany Plan of Union• Representatives from several

colonies met in Albany, New York (June 1754)

• To discuss the threat of war• Also find a way to defend

themselves against the French

• And persuade the Iroquois to support the British

• Ben Franklin presented his Albany Plan of UnionAlbany Plan of Union

• Called for a united colonial government

• Not a single colonial assembly approved the plan

• No colony wanted to give up any of its power

Franklin’s Response• Disappointed• “Everybody cries, a

Union is necessary; but when they come to the manner and form of the union, [they] are perfectly distracted”

• Albany meeting failed to unite the colonists in fighting the French

• Soon a full scale war erupted

Why did conflict arise in North America between France and Great Britain?

-France and Britain were competing world wide for wealth and empire. This competition intensified in North America when the two nations struggled for control of the Ohio River valley, which the French considered their territory.

Chapter 4 Section 3 Quiz

What was the small post in the Ohio country established by George Washington called?

Fort

Duques

ne

Alb

any

Union

Fort

Neces

sity

Fort

Monong

ahel

a

25% 25%25%25%A. Fort Duquesne

B. Albany Union

C. Fort Necessity

D. Fort Monongahela

By 1700, the major powers in North America were the

Brit

ish a

nd Fre

nch.

Fre

nch a

nd Spa

nish.

Brit

ish a

nd Span

ish.

Fre

nch a

nd Dut

ch.

25% 25%25%25%A. British and French.

B. French and Spanish.

C. British and Spanish.

D. French and Dutch.

During the wars between France and Great Britain, Native Americans often helped the

French by

supply

ing th

eir w

ea...

showin

g them

sec

ret .

..

raid

ing B

ritis

h set

tle...

supply

ing th

em w

ith ..

.

25% 25%25%25%A. supplying their weapons.

B. showing them secret paths.

C. raiding British settlements.

D. supplying them with food.

Where was George Washington's first command?

Blu

e Rid

ge M

ounta

ins

Virg

inia

terri

tory

Appal

achi

an M

ountai

ns

Ohio

Riv

er v

alle

y

25% 25%25%25%A. Blue Ridge Mountains

B. Virginia territory

C. Appalachian Mountains

D. Ohio River valley

Who did the colonists regard as the hero who struck the first blow against the French?

Rober

t Din

wid

die

Geo

rge

Was

hingt

on

Ben

jam

in F

rank

lin

Jonat

han E

dwar

ds

25% 25%25%25%A. Robert Dinwiddie

B. George Washington

C. Benjamin Franklin

D. Jonathan Edwards

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