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Introduction

Contributions of the

psychology to the functioningand management of organizations

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Stakeholders Marian Luncasu, PhD Candidate, Management (OB); BAA

Psychology Office hours: Tuesday, 13.00-16.00

On appointment: marian.luncasu@hec.ca Course materials:

MBTI ® STEP I FORM M (self-scorable) Sniderman, P. R., Bulmash, J., Nelson, D. L., Campbell Quick, J.

Managing Organizational Behavior in Canada, 2007, Toronto: Thomson Canada, 595 p.

Recommanded: Estelle M. Morin and Caroline Aubé (2006). Psychologie et management (2nd edition). Montréal. ChenelièreÉducation, ISBN 2-7650-1283-0.

Cases and exercises will be available on line.

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Evaluations Mid-Term Exam (30 %)

Mid-Term Exam will be focused on notions seen in class as well as readings. Team work (2 students) (20 %)

A team of 2 students will conduct a study on MOTIVATION Data collection

approved method of data collection: semi-structured interview the due date is the fifth week of classes. how the team will collect the data explain which theme will be explored in the final report. (3 pages maximum,

double line)

Final research  This research paper illustrates the results of the data collection and of an

exhaustive analysis of those results. (10 pages maximum, times new roman,double space)

Final exam (50%) Final Exam will be focused on notions seen in class as well as readings.

Case study, four questions, one page each

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Course objectives Recognize and respect the diversity in

people and the individual differences

Understand the way of thinking and theattitudes of others Show innitiative, energy and

perseverence in work Have a positive attitude towardlearning, personal accomplishment and

health

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Main themes1. Personality

2. Perception

3. Motivation4. Adaptation

5. Learning

6. Human relations

7. Social influence8. Working teams

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THEME 1. Personality : Understandingindividual differences

Different models to describe personality Different theories of personality development Personality, individual differences and work

Readings :

 Jung, C.G. (1991) A Psychological theory of types.

Sniderman et al. (2007): Chapter 3 - Introduction to Personality (pp. 89-99)

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THEME 2. Perception : Understanding

different points of view

Consciousness and knowledge Sensation, perception and cognition Representations and mental operations Perceptual biases Empathy : understanding other’s point of view

Readings :

Laing , R.D., Phillipson H., Lee, R.A. (1966). Interaction and

interexperience in dyads. Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007):

Chapter 3 - Introduction to Social Perception (pp. 79-88)

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THEME 3. Motivation : Finding meaning inwork 

Different theories of human motivation Motivation and related concepts Applications to work

Readings : Maslow, A.H (1971). On Low Grumbles, High Grumbles

and Metagrumbles.

Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007): Chapter 4 - Motivation at Work (pp. 106-128)

Chapter 2 - Creating a Positive Work Environment:Attitudes, Values, Ethics (pp. 34-74)

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THEME 4. Adaptation : Reaching forbalance

Stress and emotions Sources and consequences of stress Adaptation strategies Applications to work

Readings :  May, R. (1977). Anxiety and Fear.

Selected Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007): OBXtra 1 - Stress and Well-being at Work (pp. 513-524) OBXtra 2 - Emotional Intelligence (pp. 525- 532)

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THEME 5. Learning : Learning to learn

What means learning? Different approaches to learn  To learn is to change Learning to learn; applications to work Readings : Kolb, D.A. (1984) The process of experiential learning. Selected Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007):

Chapter 8 - Creativity and Decision-Making (pp. 232-269) Chapter 13 - Organizational Change and Development (pp. 396-425) Chapter 15 - Performance Management (website only:

www.sniderman.nelson.com)

OBXtra 3 - Behaviour Modification (pp. 533-538) 

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THEME 6. Human relations : Building

positive professional relationships

 The dynamics of human relation Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Barriers to Effective Communication Interpersonal Conflicts in Organization Strategies for Effective Interpersonal Communication Readings : Rogers, C.R., Farson, R.E. (1995) Active listening.

Selected Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007): Chapter 6 - Interpersonal and Organization-Wide Communication

(pp. 166-195) Chapter 11 - Conflict Management (pp. 330-361)

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THEME 7. Social influence : Achieving

collaboration at work 

Four forms of social influence : normalization,conformity, obedience and innovation

Individual Sources/Bases of Power  Types of Leadership and Subordination Leadership and management Readings :

Moscovici, S. (1976). Behavioural Style.

Selected Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007): Chapter 9 - Power and Influence (pp. 270-297) Chapter 10 - Leadership (pp.298-329)

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THEME 8. Small groups : Working in a team

What is a Team?  Types of Teams  Team Development  Team Effectiveness  Readings : Leavitt, H.J. (1974). Suppose we took groups seriously… Selected Readings in Sniderman et al. (2007):

Chapter 7 - Team Dynamics and Effectiveness (pp. 196-231) OBXtra 4 - Self-Managed Work Teams (pp. 539-542) OBXtra 5 - Managing in a Virtual World (pp. 543-548)

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Skills and abilities required inorganizations

Confernce Board of Canada (2000) Basic skills:

Communicate Information treatment Calculus Problem solving Personal management

skills Positive attitude Responsibility (planning and

managing personalresources: time, money,etc.)

Flexibility Constant learning Concern for personal and

collective health

Team skills

Cooperation andcoordination

Giving positive

(constructive) feed-back  Understanding conflict and

finding solutions to it Acknowledging, accepting

and encouraging diversityof opinions

Learn to listen in order to beable to learn

Learn to make compromises forbetter group results

Adopting a group strategy Assuming leadership

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Four main approaches in

psychology Analytical-psychodynamic Cognitive-behavioural Systemic-Interactional Existential-humanistic

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Analytic-psychodynamicapproach(psycho-analysis)

S. Freud, A. Adler, M. Klein, C.G. Jung, E.Erikson, J. Lacan

Explanatory factors: biology Focus: Childhood (from birth to 6) Principle: Pleasure

Change: Vertical stages Management: interpersonal dynamic

and leadership (Kets de Vries, Lapierre,Levinson, Zaleznik, etc.)

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Cognitive-behaviouralapproach (OB - mainstream)

B. F. Skinner, A. Bandura, J. Piaget, U. Neisser Focus: Cognitive processes (attention, perception,

representation, memory, reasoning, language, learning) Explanatory factors : Environment Principle: Adaptation Change: Association and equilibration of 

structures Management: organisational behaviour

Micro-OB: satisfaction, motivation, leadership,decision making, work organization, etc.)(Locke,O’Reilly, Vroom, etc.)

Macro-OB (a more sociological approach): strategy,

organizational climate, orgz. culture, orgz. learning,power

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Systemic-interactional

approach (Theory of Job Design, Socio-technical School)

W. Köhler, K. Lewin, F. S. Perls  The gestalt (the whole is greater than the sum of its

parts) Explanatory factors : Person-environement Principle: the interactions between person and

environment Change: reconfiguration of the forces within

the system (ex. maturation, learning, reforme) Management: organisational behaviour (work

teams, motivation, learning, leadership,organizational change) (Hackman & Oldham,Katz & Kahn, Weick, etc.)

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Existential-humanisticapproach(The school of human relations)

V. Frankl (logotherapy, the will of meaning), G.Allport, A. H. Maslow, C. R. Rogers

Explanatory factors: biological, social spiritual Focus: The Being in its becoming Principle: The meaning Change: Transformation (mutation, creation,

revolution) Management: The school of Human Relations,

the informal relations, motivation andsatisfaction, work climate, interpersonaldynamic, group, leadership, crises, change)(F.Hertzberg, R. Likert, D. Mc Gregor, Lawler,Mitroff and Pauchant, etc.)

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Perception Motivation

Learning

Defenses

Stress

FrustrationFrustration

Human behaviour

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 The equation of behaviour

Bt = F (P, E)t 

B, behavior P, person

E, environnement t , time