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PROGRAM 5 JUNE 1963

Arrival at White Sands Missile Range Headquarters Area from Holloman Air Force Base

Travel to Launch Site No. 1

Introduction to exercises by Major General J. Frederick Thor lin, Commanding General of White Sands Missile Range

Display and firing of HONEST JOHN ballistic rocket

SERGEANT artillery ballistic missile assembly

Helicopter deployment and firing of LITTLE JOHN artillery rocket

SERGEANT firing

Launcher loading and firing of HAWK anti-aircraft missile

Travel to Launch Site No. 2

Display and firing of NIKE HERCULES anti-aircraft missile

PERSHING ballistic missile system demonstration

Display and firing of TALOS air defense missile

Display and firing of NIKE ZEUS anti-missile missile

Presentation of HONEST JOHN, LITTLE JOHN, SERGEANT, HAWK and PERSHING firing and handling crews.

Travel to NIKE ZEUS Complex

Classified ZEUS briefing for Presidential party - - unclassified briefing for others

Presentation of ZEUS, TALOS, and HERCULES firing personnel

Travel to ZEUS complex airstrip

Departure for El Paso International Airport

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CONTENTS PAGE

PROGRA.M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

WEAPONS SYSTEMS

Honest John. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Little John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Hawk .. 4 Sergeant Pershing Talos ..

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Nike Hercules ............................... . Nike Zeus ................................. .

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BIOG-RA.PHIES . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

WHITE SANDS MISSILE RA.NGE • • • . . • • . • • . • • • • • . • . 8

SOUTHWESTERN MILITARY COMPLEX

Fort Bliss ................................... 10 Biggs Air Force Base ......................... 11 William Beaumont General Hospital •.••.••.•.•• 11 Holloman Air Force Base ..•..••••••.••..••••. 11

RA.NGE OPERA. TIONS . • • • . • • • . • • • • • • . . • . . • • . . • . • • 12

RA.NGE USERS

Army Missile Test & Evaluation Directorate •••.• 14 Army Electronics R & D Activity ••..••.•.•..••• 14 Naval Ordnance Missile Test Facility •....••.•.• 15 Air Force Missile Development Center .••....••. 15 NASA and Advance Research Projects Agency ..•• 15

NASA and the Space Age at WSMR ••.••.•..•.••••.•• 16

PRESS FACILITIES ••...•••.•.•.•••....•.•.....•• 17

GLOSSARY ...................................... 19

COVER PHOTO: A Sergeant Missile streaks skyward from White Sands Missile Range [U.S. Army Photo]

WEAPONS SYSTEMS

HONEST JOHN

The Honest John is a U.S. Army ballistic rocket. Used as a long­range artillery weapon, it measures 2 7 feet in length and 3 0 inches in di­ameter. This solid-fuel rocket is launched from a 30-foot rail,mount­ed on a standard 5 -ton truck. It has a range in excess of 12 miles and

can carry a conventional or nuclear warhead. High mobility, reliability, and simplicity of operation are major ad­vantages of this operational free-flight rocket. It was developed by the Army Missile Command at Redstone Arsenal. The Rad -ford Ordnance Plant loads and assembles the rocket motor while metal parts are procured from a variety of commercial sources. Douglas Aircraft Company and Emerson Electric Company are prime contractors

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LITTLE JOHN

The Little John is the Army1 s newest free flight rocket sys­tem. This 318-mm surface-to-surface rocket is used as medi­um or long-range artillery. It is 14 1/2 feet in length and 12 1/2 inches in diameter. It is a solid-fuel rocket launched from a helicopter-transportable artillery type launcher. It can carry a conventional or nuclear warhead. This lightweight system has a range in excess of 10 miles and is easily airlifted, thus pro­viding extremely high mobility. It was developed by the Army Missile Command at Redstone Arsenal. Contractors Consolidated Western

are Ste e 1,

Emerson Electric Manufactur­ing Company, and Hercules Powder Company.

HAWK

The Hawk is a surface-to-air mis­sile with a "homing all the way to kill" guidance system. It comple­ments the Nike Hercules by seeking out and destroying low altitude air­craft or air -breathing guided missiles. It is 16.8 feet in length and 14 inches in

diameter with a solid propellant dual-stage propulsion system. Armed with a conventional warhead, this high rate of fire system can be airlifted by helicopter. Prime contractor for this opera­tional missile is Raytheon, with the propulsion system manufac­tured by Aerojet General. The Hawk will be fired at a QF-80 drone fighter.

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SERGEANT

The Sergeant is a rugged surface-to-surface field artillery ballistic missile with a range of from 25 to 75 nautical miles. It is 34 1/2 feet in length and 31 inches in diameter, with a single-stage, solid-propellant motor and an iner­tial guidance system. The Sergeant is 100 percent ground mobile and air transportable, and can be fitted with a conventional or nuclear war­head. This operational missile is simple and reliable, yet completely immune to all known countermeas -ures. The system was developed by Jet Propulsion Laboratories with the Sperry Utah Company as prime

contractor and Thiokol Chemical Corp. making the rocket motor .

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PERSHING

The Pershing is a surface -to­surface ballistic missile with a range of 100 to 400 nautical miles. It measures 35 feet in length and 40 inches in diameter with a two - stage, solid - propellant motor and an inertial guidance sys­tern . The missile is designed to deliver a nuclear "Sunday Punch" under any condition of weather or terrain. It is now in production, with the Martin Company, Orlando Division, as prime contractor. Both missile stages are produced

by the Thiokol Chemical Corporation. The guidance system, which is immune to all known countermeasures, was developed by the Army Missile Command laboratory in conjunction with the Martin and Bendix Companies. Because of its long range, the Pershing will be demonstrated but not fired at WSMR today.

* * * * TALOS

The Talos is aU .S. Navy surface-to-air missile which is also capable of surface-to-surface employment against ship or shore targets. It has a liquid ram-jet motor with a solid-propellant booster. It is guided by a semi-active homing system and can carry a conventional or nuclear warhead. The system is present­ly employed on guided missile cruisers. The missile is 30 feet in length and 30 inches in diameter and has been operational since 1959. Prime contractor for the missile is the Bendix Corporation. The Sperry Gyroscope Company is the weapons control system contractor. Allega­ny Ballistic Laboratory developed

the solid-propellant booster. The Talos will be fired at a QF-80 drone fighter.

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NIKE HERCULES

The Nike HercJ.].les is the United States' primary high altitude air defense weapon in operational status. It has a range of over 75 nautical miles and has destroyed supersonic targets 20 miles in the air. It has a solid-propellant, two-stage motor and a command guid­ance system. The missile is 27 feet in length ( 41 with booster) and 311/2 inches in diameter. It can carry either a con­

ventional or nuclear warhead. The system became operational in 1958 and is now deployed in key areas throughout the U.S. and overseas. This high-performance intercept missile is being con­tinually modified to meet new threats and incorporate new ad­vances, and is capable of operating despite electronic counter­measures. The Western Electric Company is prime contractor. This weapon will be fired at another Hercules missile.

* * * * NIKE ZEUS

The Nike Zeus is an anti-missile missile designed· for defense against attack by intercontinental ballistic missiles. It is hyper­sonic with a three-stage, solid-propellant motor and a command guidance system. It is the only anti-ICBM missile system under advanced development in the Free World. Armed with a nuclear warhead, the missile measures 48.3 feet in length and 36 inches in diameter and can develop nearly 500,000 pounds of thrust. It will operate in an environment of electronic countermeasures and has a rapid-fire capability. Prime contractor of this missile is the Western Electric Company. The Thiokol Chemical Company developed the propulsion system and Douglas Air­craft Corporation developed the frame and launching equipment.

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LT. GEN. FRANK S. BESSON, JR. , USA With his appointment as Commanding Gen­

~ral of the new Army Materiel Command, 8 May 1962, General Besson continues a 30-year career in the forefront of logistics innovation in war and peace. Graduating from West Point in 1932, he served in the Middle East and the Pacific to be­come the youngest general officer in the Army Ground Forces at the close of WW II. After five years service in Washington, dur­ing which he pioneered new concepts in integrated transportation and communications systems, he spent four years with SHAPE for­mulating plans and programs for the 15 -nationNA TO alliance. He became Army Chief of Transportation in 1958.

MAJ. GEN. J. FREDERICK THORLIN, USA Corning to WSMR from the Army Tank-Auto­

motive Center in Detroit in 1962, Gen. Thor lin has served as an ordnance and artillery officer since his graduation from West Point in 1933 . Awarded the Navy Bronze Star and Navy Gold Medal in WW II, Gen . Thorlin helped plan operations for the Marianas, Iwo Jima, Palau, Leyte and Okinawa campaigns. Awarded Master's Degree in engi­neering from MIT in 1948. Graduate of top Army colleges as well as the Naval War College.

COLONEL RALPHS. GARMAN, USAF The Commander of the Air Force Missile De­

velopment Center at Holloman AFB has been in the aircraft and guided missile research and develop­ment field since 1944. In 1942 he went overseas and saw combat duty in England and North Africa, ad­vancing from fighter pilot to group commander. Col. Garman's prior assignment was deputy com­mander at AFMDC. He also serves as Air Force Deputy to the Commanding General, WSMR.

COMMANDER JAMES D. GULP, USN Assigned as Test Officer at the USNOMTF at

WSMR in April, 1960, CDR. Gulp became the fa­cility Exec. Officer in 1962 and assumed addition­al duties as commanding officer of the facility up­on retirement of Capt. Bennett on June 1, 1963.

Also, he serves as Navy Deputy to Gen. Thorlin.

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MISSILE PARK AND HEADQUARTERS BUILDING

WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE

White Sands Missile Range is a National Range which conducts missile test programs for the Army, Navy, Air Force, Depart­ment of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Adminis­tration (NASA).

It is one of three national missile ranges. White Sands is operated by the Army, while the Atlantic Missile Range at Cape Canaveral is Air Force operated and the Pacific Missile Range at Point Mugu, California, is Navy operated.

The role of White Sands in missiles and rockets goes back to World War n days when a "Tiny Tim1' sounding rocket was fired on the range. However, shortly after the end of World War IT, the firing of missiles began in earnest with an intensive firing program of captured German V -2 rockets. This marked the be -ginning of a serious interest in missiles on the part of the United States Government.

Since then, White Sands Missile Range has been the firing site of nearly all Army developed missile systems and many Navy and Air Force missiles. At the present time, it is also the testing location for several important Dept. of Defense and NASA pro­grams.

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WSMR is located in south central New Mexico in the Tularosa Basin. The 40 mile wide and 100 mile long area encompasses more land than the District of Columbia, Delaware and Rhode Is­land combined and stretches half the distance from E1 Paso, Texas, to Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is the largest military reservation in the United States o

This area is not far from where Dr o

Robert H. Goddard, the father of Ameri­can missilery, fired his pioneer rockets and where the world's first nuclear deto­nation occurred at Trinity Site on July 16,1945. (Thehistoric site, inthe nor­thern part of the range, is not open to the public • )

Advantages at the all-land missile range are unlimited visibility, to aid in missile tracking, the ease of recovering missiles after flight tests, and the accu­racy of instruments situated on so 1 i d land.

WSMR is by far the busiest of the three national ranges in terms of individ­ual missile firings. Since 1957, various agencies using this largest all-land range have averaged 2, 000 "hot" tests per year and three times that many other mis­sions. (Other missions include instru­mentation checkouts, radar tracking and target drone flights o) In contrast, the first full year of operation - 1946 - saw only 32 completed firings o

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Trinity Site

German V -2 Rocket

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WSMR Technical Area

Fort Bliss

SOUTHWESTERN MILITARY COMPLEX

FORT BLISS - from its beginning in 1848 - has grown from seven buildings and 1, 265 acres of land until today it encom­passes 3, 500 buildings and a million acres. The 250 soldiers who defended the Paso del Norte in 1893 have swelled to nearly 25,000 in 1963.

As early as 1944, air defense planning officers had for seen that the increasing speeds of modern aircraft would make tube -type anti-aircraft artillery ineffective. As guided mis­siles began to replace anti-aircraft guns, there was a need for the trained missileman. Fort Bliss became the only air-de­fense guided missile training center in the United States, training not only soldiers of our own Army, but thousands of air defense missilemen from allied nations.

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BIGGS AIR FORCE BASE

Biggs Air Force Base is a primary installation of the Strategic Air Com­mand whose mission is to maintain a force instantly ready to conduct strate­gic air warfare on a global basis. The state of readiness at Biggs is maintained through a training program of its crews based on carefully calculated standards.

Every flying hour must yield a dividend in proficiency. Every practice bomb run, navigation leg flown, electronic counter­measure exercise, and re-fueling operation hones the keen edge of crew skill.

WILLIAM BEAUMONT GENERAL HOSPITAL

One of the Army's largest medical in­stallations, William Beaumont General Hos­pital, is located in E1 Paso, Texas, and pro­vides complete medical and surgical services for military personnel in the Southwestern part of the U.S. Established in 1921, it is also the center for certain specialized teach­ing and training of interns and resident phy­sicians. It is one of the few Army hospitals specializing in thoracic and open heart sur­gery.

HOLLOMAN AIR FORCE BASE

The Air Force Missile Development Center {AFMDC) at Holloman AFB is situated on the central eastern side of WSMR near Alamogordo, N. M. Few military installations can boast such a wide variety of research, developnient and test activities as AFMDC. These activities include rocket-sled experi­ments, flight testing of guided missiles,

balloon launches, bio-medical experiments, and support of Air Force, Army and Navy Missile projects. This cooperation that exists between the Air Force units at Holloman and the neighbor­ing test facilities of both the Army and Navy at WSMR is out­standing and traditional.

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RANGE OPERATIONS

Like other National Range Comman­ders, and in accordance with Dept. of Defense regulations, the Commanding General of WSMR is responsible for each and every missile from the tirne it is delivered to a launch site to the tirne the test is fully completed. He is responsi­ble for determining the tirne and place of test; insuring ground and flight safety; providing high performance aerial tar­gets, chaae planes, target drone control aircraft, etc • ; furnishing complete mete­orological data; obtaining flight trajec­tory and event data; recovering the mis­sile, or portions of it, for post mortem examination; 'reducing' - (putting into readable form) - all data and rendering a complete written report; provi .dlng overall base logistic support to the pro­gram, etc. He accomplishes this through the various administrative and technical offices that make up White Sands.

A complex of high precision instruments - optical, radar, and electronic - gather voluminous and precise data that make each test valid and valuable. Skilled technicians, using electronic computers, reduce the data so that the missile designer under­stands exactly how his missile performed. Missile recovery, easy and quick on this all-land range, enables scientists to examine missile components after the flight tests.

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Instrument Sites

Data collecting facilities include over 640 tracking instru­ments and 1,078 survey sites (surveyed to an accuracy of 1 part of 300,000! ). Over these surveyed sites are placed op­tical and electronic instrumentation equipment. Such equip­ment includes long range cameras, powerful telescopes, radar, telemetry, etc.

Data gathering stations and impact areas are connected by 1,100 miles of roads, 60, 000 miles of wire and cable, and 240 microwave and radio channels.

A precise timing system, timed within one one-thousandth . of a second, links all data gathering and missile firing points on the range. It provides a constant and accurate reference by which data from any range instrument can be compared in­stant by instant with data from any other range instrument.

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RANGE USERS ARMY MISSILE TEST AND EVALUATION DIRECTORATE

The Army Missile Test and Evaluation Directorate (AMTED) is the organization at White Sands which tests Army missiles. Be -sides full scale flight tests, each missile is subjected to many other tests to make sure that it is capable of operating anywhere, any­time and under any battlefield environment. Army missile tests include shake, vibration and drop tests which simulate the roughest treatment the missile will get while being handled in combat. Army missiles are also bombarded with both nuclear radiation and with radiation associated with communication, radar and jamming equipment to make sure that they will function properly under all conditions to be found on the future battlefield. Climatic tests, both in the field and in the labs, testthemissile's capability to withstand extremes of heat, cold, rain, snow, dust,fog, salt sprayandthe humid jungle climate. To make doubly sure ', the entire system -missile and associated equipment - is tested under field conditions from the arctic to the jungle. Such tests and many more confirm the capability of the missile to be fired any time, any place, any war.

ARMY ELECTRONICS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY

The Army Electronics R & D Activity (ERDA) at WSMR backs up missile and rocket testing by providing meteorological and spe­cial electronic data and support. Meteorological data -wind speed and direction, temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. -is regularly obtained, at all altitudes up to 50 miles, by using inexpensive high altitude sounding rockets. In the electronics field, ERDA, through research and development, provides range instrumentation equipment and techniques which measure and keep track of the missiles in time and space. ERDA also relentlessly tries to jam the electronic gear in each missile to make sure the missile can withstand enemy jamming signals. Another mission of ERDA is to devise electronic jammers for use against enemy missiles.

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NAVAL ORDNANCE MISSILE TEST FACILITY (NOMTF)

The Naval Ordnance Missile Test Facility is the desert-locked arm of the Navy's missile development agency. Navy missiles are launched from the 11Desert Ship. 11 A major share of the Navy• s present activity concerns the Talos air defense missile, a lethal anti­

aircraft weapon carried by the fleet's newest missile ships. Re­search is underway on the Typhon, an even more powerful ship­to-air defensive system. Another program is concerned with high altitude research with the Aerobee rocket which is launched by the Navy for the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, the U.S • Air Force, NASA and other government agencies.

AIR FORCE MISSILE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (AFMDC)

The Air Force Missile Development Center at Holloman Air Force Base on the east side of the Range tests such sys­tems as Firebee, Sidewinder, Falcon, Genie, Mace, Matador and Hound Dog. It also provides the USAF and other gov­ernment agencies standardized tests of guidance mechanisms, control systems, and other components. Col. John Stapp

rocketed to 632 miles per hour on a 3,500 foottrackthat has since been extended to what is now the famed 7 mile long high speed test track. The 6571st Aeromedical Research Laboratory at Hol­loman conducted the NASA Mercury chimpanzee training program which contributed to the successful man-into-space flights.

The NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRAT.ION (NASA) and ADVANCE RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY (ARPA) are also users of the range. When Mercury orbital flights be­came a reality, WSMR instruments con­tributed vital data to each flight. Portions of the step into space following Mercury­Project Apollo (NASA'S project to land a man on the moon in the decade) - also in­clude tests of the Apollo lunar vehicle's service module and abort escape systems at White Sands •

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Lunar Excursion Module

NASA AND THE SPACE AGE AT WSM R Scheduled to begin soon are Apollo "off-the -pad" and flight

abort tests which will be conducted at Army Launch Area I# 3. These tests will check the device that lifts Apollo astronauts clear of their launch vehicle in the event of malfunction.

A NASA propulsion test facility is under construction on the west side of the Organ Mountains. Here the service module pro­pulsion system and the lunar excursion module propulsion sys­tems will be developed and tested. The service module power plant which will put the Apollo craft into lunar orbit is being de­veloped by North American Aviation, Inc. The lunar excursion module, under development by Grumman Aircraft, is the Apollo craft which will land on the moon and return to lunar orbit.

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PRESS FACILITIES

MISSILE SOUND EFFECTS

WIREPHOTO TRANSMISSION

TELETYPE AND TELEPHONE

COURIER SERVICE

PHOTO­GRAPHER

STANDS

Firing sounds of all systems demonstrated are available from the Information Office representa­tive at the press centers. These are quarter-inch magnetic tapes recorded at 7 1/2 IPS. Most in­clude the final seconds of countdown.

Wirephoto transmission facilities are available to the press services. Equipment is located in the photographic lab at the WSMR Headquarters area. Marked courier vehicles will be stationed at each press center and will be dispatched to the labs as required.

Telephones are available in each press center for credit card and collect calls. Certain telephones have been reserved for priority use by Wash­ington press representatives. All others are a­vailable on a first-come,first-serve basis. Tele­type facilities are also available at the main press site. These are Western Union wires, and copy will be transmitted on them in the order it is received by the Information Office representa­tive behind the teletype counter.

Courier jeeps will be available at each press center to carry copy to teletype machines .and photographs for processing by wire service, to expedite the mission of the press.

Two raised stands, llOV power available, at the side of Presidential stands, and two roped-off ground-level areas, no power, at the side-front.

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PRESS FACILITIES

TRANSPORTING An open-bed truck will be available in each area, HEAVY PHOTO as will personnel, to move cameramen with e­EQUIPMENT quipment too heavy to load quickly or easily into

PROCESSING SERVICE

buses -- THIS VEHICLE WILL BE LIMITED TO PHOTOGRAPHERS WITH HEAVY GEAR.

Still-photo processing and printing service is a­vailable on request to a representative of the WSMR Information Office. Distances involved from area to lab mean a two-hour tizne span from camera to print. Marked courier vehicles will be stationed at each press center and will be dis­patched with film for processing on first-come, first-serve basis.

ARMY Presidential briefings indoors at Nike Zeus area PHOTOGRAPHY will be classified. Army Photographers will

provide still and motion coverage. Still photos will be available at the Zeus press center prior to departure of the President. Motion picture coverage (16 mm b&w only) will be mailed the following day to news representatives requesting it.

PRE-PRINTED Still and motion picture coverage of missile aye­MATERIAL terns demonstrated is available from the WSMR

Information Office representative at each press center. Black and white stills are available in wire service sizes and in 8 x 10. Black and white 16 mm motion picture material, without sound, is available in liznited quantities.

FOR ANY OTHER INFORMATION FACILITIES CONTACT THE INFORMATION OFFICE

REPRESENTATIVE AT THE PRESS CENTERS

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GLOSSARY

BALLISTIC MISSILE -- One which does not utilize aerodynamic lift surfaces. Thus, its trajectory is determined by its velocity and heading at termination of rocket motor thrust.

COMMAND GUIDANCE SYSTEM - - A system which utilizes ground based equipment to compute steering commands for mis­siles during flight to direct the missiles to their targets. Steering commands are based upon position and velocity of both missile and target. They are transmitted to the missile by radio and cause the missile to steer so as to intercept the target .

CONVENTIONAL WARHEAD -- Warheads utilizing high explosive rather than nuclear components.

FREE-FLIGHT -- The trajectory described by a missile from firing point to impact point, when controlled only by ballistic for­ces acting on the missile. Control over the course of a free­flight missile is obtained by pointing the launcher prior to firing.

INERTIAL GUIDANCE SYSTEM-- A system for guiding the flight of a missile which is entirely contained within the m i ssile . The target location is set into the guidance component of the missile prior to launch. After launch the guidance component steers the missile on an appropriate trajectory to engage the target .

PROPELLANT -- The combustible material used in rocket motors to propel missiles. Propellants may be either liquid or solid.

ROCKET --A missile containing its own propellant agent .

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