A Tutorial on Stone Masonry Houses: A Compendium of ...db.nzsee.org.nz/2009/Pres18.pdf · 6 Guiding...
Transcript of A Tutorial on Stone Masonry Houses: A Compendium of ...db.nzsee.org.nz/2009/Pres18.pdf · 6 Guiding...
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A Tutorial on Stone Masonry Houses:
A Compendium of Worldwide Experiences
New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering
3-5 April 2009, Christchurch
Jitendra K Bothara, C.V.R. Murty, Qaisar Ali, Tom Schacher,
Andrea Penna, Marjana Lutman
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Content
• Background
• Why Tutorial on Stone Masonry
• Guiding facts
• Philosophical Drive
• What it covers
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The World Housing Encyclopedia
www.world-housing.net
Web-based Housing EncyclopediaHosted by
EERI and IAEE
• An educational resource on housing
Resources available free of charge
• Housing construction reportsFrom 38 Countries
Total number of reports: 150
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Tutorials
• Reinforced concrete frame
• Confined Masonry Dwellings (English, Spanish and Chinese)
• Adobe Buildings (English and Spanish)
• Adobe Houses with Geomesh (English, Spanish)
• Stone masonry
• Straw bale
• Brick Masonry
• Concrete Shear Walls
• Precast concrete
• Timber
• Post-earthquake damage assessment
••
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Stone Masonry Tutorial
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Guiding facts
• Highly vulnerable to earthquakes shaking
• Stone masonry houses are the fatal killers• Building technologists do not know much about
this construction type No engineering universities course on stone masonry
construction
• These building can not meet requirements of
modern building standards!!! Radical change does not fit because of:
social reasons
Economic reasons
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Guiding facts
• Supply Mode: Owner Built
• Process: Informal/ Incremental
• Key Advisor: Local Craftsman
• No access to engineering knowledge
• Predominant Material and Skill: Locally available (traditional)
• Weak and inferior construction materials (mud
mortar, irregular stones, etc)
• Mostly poor construction technology
• Economically unprivileged population
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Stone masonry buildings
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Destructions
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MAJOR PROBLEMS
• Inadequate integrity
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MAJOR PROBLEMS
• Poor construction materials and technology
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Encouraging Evidences
CAN BE IMPROVED WITH VERY NOMINAL INPUT
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Philosophical Drive
• Even small improvement matters for survival
• Incremental safety
Something is better than nothing
• No cost to low cost solutions
• Easily implementable technology
• Building should not collapse during a moderate earthquake
• Building should delay the collapse during a major event so people can escape.
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Approach
• Easy to understand
• Pictorial
• Answers: Why?
• Identifies deficiencies and proposes easy solutions
• Collects knowledge from different countries, researches
• Target group: field level people, engineering practicener, engineering students
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Stone Masonry Tutorial
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Content
• Introduction
• Earthquake Resistant Construction
• Construction Materials
• Seismic Retrofitting of Stone Masonry Building
• Bibliography
• Terminology
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The Team….
• Authors from:
Nepal/ New Zealand
India
Pakistan
Slovenia
Switzerland
Italy
• Reviewers from
India
New Zealand
The USA
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Acknowledgements
• New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering
• NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar
• Beca
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Thank You