A Time of Change Puberty - a period of sexual development when a person becomes sexually mature and...
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Transcript of A Time of Change Puberty - a period of sexual development when a person becomes sexually mature and...
A Time of Change • Puberty - a period of sexual
development when a person becomes sexually mature and able to reproduce
– This is when hormones in a young person’s body are more intense and the Reproductive system begins to change.
• Menopause - A period in life when a woman’s ovulation and menstruation cease
Pregnancy Statistics• The United States has the highest
rate of teen pregnancy and births
• 34% of young women become pregnant at least once before they reach the age of 20
• 8 in 10 ten of these teen pregnancies are accidents and 79% are to unmarried teens.
Hormones•Women
–Estrogen–Progesterone
• Stimulates egg growth/maturity
•Men–Testosterone
• Stimulates sperm growth
Complete chart at top of page 2 in the packet – use your book page 489
REPRODUCTION
• Ova (egg) – female cells of reproduction• Sperm – male cells of reproduction
Reproduction: Life Cycle STAGE WHAT HAPPENS IN EACH OF THE STAGES OF REPRODUCTION
1. FERTILIZATION Only one sperm out of the millions can fertilize the egg. The fertilized egg undergoes cell division occurs and
travels to the uterus.2. THE ZYGOTE The united sperm and egg that travels through the
fallopian tubes to the uterus. 3. CELL DIVISION Cell division takes place after fertilization forming the
embryo.4. THE
BLASTOCYTEA hallow spherical structure made up of 50-100 cells,
forms when an embryo divides and grows. 5. IMPLANTATION the process in which the blastocyst attaches itself to the
wall of the uterus.
REPRODUCTION
3. Cell division
5. Implantation
4. Blastocyst
Uterus
1. Fertilization
2. Zygote Fallopian
Tube
ovary
Development in the Uterus
Wall of uterus
Amniotic Fluid
Cervix
Vagina
Umbilical Cord
Amniotic Sac
Placenta
Development in the uterus
• Placenta – attachment holding the embryo to the uterus wall
• Amniotic Sac – “bag of waters” in uterus, in which fetus floats
• Umbilical Cord – “ropelike” structure which carries nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the embryo
Development in the Uterus
Gestation – the period from conception to birth (3 TRIMESTERS – 3 MONTHS each
ZYGOTE FERTILIZATION – WEEK 2
EMBRYOWEEK 3 – WEEK 8
FETUSWEEK 9 – WEEK 40
INFANTWHEN BABY IS OUT OF MOTHER
http://www.babycenter.com/2_inside-pregnancy-weeks-1-to-9_10302602.bc
STAYING HEALTHY DURING PREGNANCY
Proper nutrition Exercise Avoiding alcohol and other drugs Avoiding environmental hazards Receiving prenatal care
STAGE 1 OF LABOR
The work performed by the mother’s body to push the fetus out.
- Strong muscle contractions of the uterus cause the cervix to dilate. - The amniotic sac will break - Cervix becomes softer and wide enough for the fetus to pass through
STAGE 2 OF LABOR
The baby is pushed out through the cervix and vagina
- The umbilical cord is clamped and cut - The baby’s nose and mouth are suctioned
STAGE 3 OF LABOR
Placenta is pushed out
CHILDBIRTH
Vaginal Birth
Infant born head first
Breech Birth
Infant not born head
first usually leads to cesarean
Cesarean SectionInfant not born head
first
• Episiotomy – surgical cut made in vagina
• Epidural – A shot given in the spinal cord to numb the mother from the waist down
Complications at Birth• Stillbirth – occurs when a fetus dies and is
expelled from the body after the 20th week of pregnancy
• Premature birth – delivery of a live baby before the 37th week
• Low Birth weight – newborn that weights less than 5.5 pounds
Multiple Births• Identical Twins – a single fertilized egg (fertilized by 1
sperm) that divides into 2 identical embryos• Fraternal Twins – Sometime 2 eggs are released from
the ovaries and are fertilized by 2 sperm
**SAFE AND ABANDONED BABIES ACT**
• Where are safe havens?– In Illinois, the safe havens for newborns are:
• Staffed fire stations• Staffed police stations• Hospitals• Emergency care facilities
• What does the law do?– The law is intended to provide an alternative to the parents
of newborn infants to relinquish their unharmed infants to staff in safe havens while remaining anonymous and avoiding civil or criminal liability. It is recognized that establishing a traditional adoption plan through a private or public adoption agency or choosing to parent the child is a preferable parenting plan to abandonment or relinquishment of an infant. However, the purpose of this law is to reduce the risk of harm to a newborn by a parent who may be under undue stress.
CONTRACEPTIVES
• Only 100% way to protect from STI’s and unwanted pregnancy is ….
AbstinenceWhich means you choose to not engage in
sexual activity until marriage .
Birth Control Pill Norplant
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
VaginalV Spermicides
Diaphragm
Cervical Cap
Male Condom
Female Condom
Fertility Awareness Method