A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

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Electric Baseload Basics ACI 09 FUND 8: Wednesday, April 29, ACI 09 FUND 8: Wednesday, April 29, 2009 2009 2:00 pm to 3:40 pm 2:00 pm to 3:40 pm Kansas City, Missouri Kansas City, Missouri A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990 Rana Belshe Conservation Connection Consulting Fairchild, Wisconsin 715-334-2707

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Electric Baseload Basics ACI 09 FUND 8: Wednesday, April 29, 2009 2:00 pm to 3:40 pm Kansas City, Missouri. Rana Belshe Conservation Connection Consulting Fairchild, Wisconsin 715-334-2707. A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990. Session Objectives. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Page 1: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

    Electric Baseload Basics

ACI 09 FUND 8: Wednesday, April 29, 2009ACI 09 FUND 8: Wednesday, April 29, 20092:00 pm to 3:40 pm 2:00 pm to 3:40 pm

Kansas City, MissouriKansas City, Missouri

A. Tamasin Sterner Pure Energy

Lancaster, Pennsylvania717-293-8990

Rana BelsheConservation Connection

ConsultingFairchild, Wisconsin

715-334-2707

Page 2: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Session Objectives

• Learn how to separate electric baseload from whole house electric use

• Explore how occupants, equipment, and use patterns affect electricity consumption

• Evaluate options and actions to reduce use

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Today’s TopicsThe equipment we will talk about today:

– Electronics– Lighting– Refrigeration– Water Heating– And a few other things

• What they use• How they work• What can be done – in terms of measures and

behaviors

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Weatherization Core Competencies

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Baseload + Seasonal = Total Household Electric Use

• Baseload: Electricity that power things—lights and appliances--used year round

• Seasonal use: Electricity used to provide heating, cooling, often dehumidification

The goal is to understand how a particular household uses electricity, identify the possibilities for reducing that use and dialogue with the occupant for the best possible outcomes.

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Holiday Hell-oExample of lighting as a seasonal load

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Houses don’t use energy. People do.

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Reasons to Address Baseload

• Sometimes, reducing electric baseload can guarantee better savings than measures geared toward reducing the cost of heating and/or cooling: Savings Follows Use.

• Plug loads are increasing.

• Electric energy waste (energized equipment not in active use) is increasing.

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“ Electricity originates inside clouds. There it forms lightning, which is attracted to the earth by golfers. After entering the ground, the electricity hardens into coal, which, when dug up by power companies and burned in big ovens called “generators,” turns back into electricity, which is sent in the form of “volts” (also known as “watts” or “rpm” for short) through special wires with birds sitting on them to consumers’ homes, where it is transformed by TV sets into commercials for beer, which passes through the consumer and back into the ground, thus completing what is known as a “circuit.”

Dave Barry, Funny Times, 2002

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Electricity: Energy & PowerEnergy

From meter to utility bill

power over time

• Watt hour - Wh • kiloWatt hour - kWh

(1,000 Wh)

Power Nameplate – potential –

instantaneous demand• Watt - W• kiloWatt (1,000 W) – kW• Watt - is one joule per second or

the power supplied when a current of one ampere is driven by a

potential difference of one volt

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Energy Cost & ValueFebruary 4, 2009

Cost/Unit x Unit/MBtu = Cost/MbtuPricing Source: ww.eia.doe.gov.neic/experts/heatcalc.xls

FuelSource Unit

Btu/Unit

Unit/Mbtu

Cost/Unit

Cost/Mbtu

Crude Oil Barrel 6,300,000 0.16 $45.00 $7.20

Coal Ton 24,916,000 0.04 $240.00 $9.63

Mixed Wood Cord 22,000,000 0.05 $200.00 $10.00

Gasoline Gallon 125,000 8 $1.86 $14.88

Corn Kernels Ton 16,500,000 0.06 $250.00 $15.15

Natural Gas Therm 100,000 10 $1.55 $15.50

Wood Pellets Ton 16,500,000 0.06 $259.00 $15.70

Heating Oil Gallon 138,690 7.14 $3.18 $22.71

Propane Gallon 92,000 10.87 $2.48 $26.96

Electricity kWh 3,412 293 $0.10 $29.31

Kerosene Gallon 135,000 7.4 $4.10 $30.37

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General Baseload Analysis

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Tools of the Trade• Consumption history• Calculator• Camera• Clipboard & pen • Tape measure• kWh meter• Ground tester• Thermometers• Flashlight• Ladder• Gloves (to remove hot bulbs)• Extension cord

• 2-3 prong adapter• MicroWeir or stop watch and

container• Drip gauge• Lamp harp and diffuser

extenders• Product sheet showing

replacement light fixtures• Screwdrivers, pliers, or a

multipurpose tool like a Leatherman™

• Laptop computer with appliance use software

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Establish Baseload Use• Obtain (a printout of) the customer’s electricity use

for at least one year prior to the site visit.

• Separate the baseload use from the total use by:

1. adding together the three lowest months (not weird numbers)

2. dividing the sum by 3 to get an average baseload month’s use

3. multiplying that number by 12 months

• This can easily be done visually from a bar chart.

• There are lots of ways to do this. They all work.

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Annual Customer Usage Printout

Bill Date(not use date)

Billing Days

Tariff Schedule

Reading Source KWH KWH/Day

Bill Amount

7/10/2007 32 RSO Regular Company 2,043 64 $181.45

6/8/2007 30 RSO Regular Company 1,134 38 $107.44

5/9/2007 29 RSO Estimate 1,056 36 $101.09

4/10/2007 32 RSO Regular Company 1,492 47 $136.59

3/9/2007 30 RSO Regular Company 1,972 66 $175.67

2/7/2007 28 RSO Regular Company 1,599 57 $145.30

1/10/2007 33 RSO Regular Company 1,396 42 $128.74

12/8/2006 29 RSO Regular Company 1,194 41 $112.28

11/9/2006 30 RSO Regular Company 1,314 44 $122.05

10/10/2006 29 RSO Regular Company 892 31 $87.69

9/11/2006 33 RSO Regular Company 1,740 53 $156.71

8/9/2006 29 RSO Regular Company 2,386 82 $209.33

TotalTotal Baseload

18,21812,328

$ 1,664.34 $ 1,126.25

LANCASTER PA 17603LAN Active 40256S25894 Non Ele Ht Cool

1. Three lowest months = 892+ 1,056+ 1,134 = 3,082 ÷ 3 months2. Average monthly use = 1,027 kWh/mo3. 1,027 kWh/mo x 12 mo = 12,328 kWh/yr baseload

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Consumption HistoryApproximate monthly baseload use ~ 600 kWh or about 7,200 kWh/year

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Annual End Use Consumption Ranges (kWh)

Electricity Use LOW MID HIGH

Baseload 2250 5000 8000

Domestic Hot WaterHot water use, 1-3 people 2500 4500 6000Hot water use, 3-6 people 4000 6000 8000

CoolingCooling load (total household) 750 1500 2500

HeatingElectric heat load 2000 5000 8500

National averages trued up to PA utility program experience

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Assess the Opportunity for Energy Savings

• Determine if the customer’s use is in the low, mid range, or high range using their consumption history or data on their utility bills.

• Focus your efforts in the home based on your determination.

• Since savings follows use, you will likely find more opportunities to save energy where the use is high.

• If any category of use is low, then save time and focus where the use is medium or high

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Savings Follows Use / Waste

Total electricity use relates directly

to potential electricity savings

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Reasons for High Baseload

• Time on – 24/7 adds up quickly

• High demand / power (kW)

• Poor control strategies

• Not known to be operating

• Faulty equipment

• Intermittent use

• Hidden loads

• Lots of people in the householdPPL Managing CAP Credits Pilot Program, 2006

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What Does My Bill Pay For

Source: 2007 Buildings Energy Data Book

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Why Address Baseload?Electricity Use is Rising

Mark Fortney, 2007, PHRC, PA Home Energy Forum

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Plug Load Energy Use is Increasing

U.S. delivered residential energy consumption by end use, 2001, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (million Btu per household)

Source: Energy Information Administration 2006

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“NRDC Study of Set Top Box and Game Console Power Use”, Peter Ostendorp, Ecos Consulting, May 2007

@ $.09/kWh

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Power1%

Lighting1%

Personal hygiene0.4%

Telephony2%

Small appliances

5%

Information technology

31%

Entertainment60%

Other9%

2007 Ecos Consulting, “Final Field Research Report”: Share of Plug Load Energy Use by Product Category27

Plug Load Baseload Energy Use by Product Category

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Power Settings & Mode

ON

• Active power• Low power

mode• Indeterminate

power • Sleep/hibernate

REALLY OFF

• No power• Unplugged• Power switched

off with strip or other control device

“OFF”

Standby power

Phantom load

Vampire power

Idle power

Anything with a remote, display, touchpad, or light is using power even when turned “off”

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Game Console Power Use

NRDC Study of Set Top Box and Game Console Power Use, May 2007, Peter Ostendorp, Ecos Consulting

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Power Supplies: A Growing Component • Function: convert wall

voltage ac to low voltage dc needed to operate today’s digital chips, LED indicators, displays, etc.

• 6% to 10% of U.S. electricity flows through the nation’s 3.6 billion power supplies

2007 Ecos Consulting, “Final Field Research Report”

Roughly 1 to 2% of U.S. electricity could be saved by improving power supply efficiency

•$2.1 to 4.2 billion saved by consumers on their electricity bills•Prevent release of 40 to 80 million tons of CO2 into the atmosphere•Equivalent of taking 2.3 to 4.6 million cars off the road•Equivalent of building roughly 4.5 to 9 average sized power plants

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Sample Annual kWh of TVs by Mode

• Standby power is similar regardless of TV type or size.

• Newer TVs use a lot more energy than older ones.

• Larger and newer technologies (plasma & rear projection) tend to be used more and are frequently part of a larger entertainment set up.

Source: Ecos Consulting, “Final Field Research Report”, 2007

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Managing Computer Power Use

• Teach everyone that it makes sense to Turn off monitor if not using for > 5-20 min. and both CPU and monitor if not using for > 30-60 min.

• Use power strips for positive “off” and control of peripherals

• Learn about and teach others about how to Activate Power Management Functions

• Maximize sleep features in the operating system

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Battery Charging Strategies• Chargers can draw 5 to

20 times more power than they can store so...– Unplug chargers

once battery is charged

– Use timer to control charge cycle

• Choose equipment based on charging performance

• Buy efficient chargers• Use rechargeable

batteries• Use power strips to

simplify disconnecting chargers

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Advanced Power Strip Optionshttp://wattstopper.comhttp://www.p3international.com

http://www.smarthomeusa.com/Shop/Smart-Energy/Smart-Strip

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Strategies to Control Home Electronic Energy Use

• Unplug stuff you don’t use

• Manage control settings for maximum efficiency

• Turn equipment off when not actively using

• Minimize standby use with power strips, switched outlets, unplugging, etc.

• Purchase less stuff

• Buy the most efficient products possible

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Nighttime from the Space Shuttle

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What Affects Lighting Use?

• Number of sockets/bulbs

• Hours of use• Wattage • Lumens (brightness)• Restrictive fixtures /

colors• Task vs general

lighting

For each bulb:• Watts x hours = Wh• Wh x .001 = kWh• kWh x $/kWh = Cost

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Incandescent vs. CFLs

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Lumen Comparison

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=cfls.pr_cfls

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Lighting

• Lighting can be a surprising share of baseload-- 15-20%

• Average home has 25 - 43 sockets/bulbs

• CFLs can typically reduce use electricity use by two-thirds or more

• Reduced waste heat saves on air conditioning and improves comfort

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Choosing Bulbs• Look for Energy Star logo

• Select the best bulb for the fixture– Shape

– Location

– Color quality

– Dimmability

– Highest lumens per Watt

• Be aware of weight and overheating

• Mercury content/disposal

• Lumen equivalency, not Watts

• Electronic interference

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http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=cfls.pr_cfls

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3 Valuable Pieces of Information

Lumens

Watts

Life

Use the box as a teaching aid with customers

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www.energyfederation.org

EFI Bulb Finder

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LED Lighting

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=fixtures.pr_light_fixtures

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Hard-wired Fixtures

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=fixtures.pr_light_fixtures

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Feedback From the Field• Issues:

– The light is not bright enough

– The bulb doesn’t fit within fixture

– The bulb takes too long to brighten

– The bulb looks weird

– The bulb was installed without customer acceptance

– Too few were installed

– Disposal and mercury concerns

• So, to assure client satisfaction, choose carefully. There are plenty of excellent CFL’s available.

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One example: Recessed lights are holes in the

envelope, most of which leak air Local hot spot enhances

exfiltration forces A 13 watt bulb increases air flow

through a leaky can by 60% when it’s on, a 50 watt bulb by 170% and a 100 watt bulb by 400%!

Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc

Baseload and Building Science

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Telltale Signs in the Snow

Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc

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Can Light Above Bed in MBR

• Customer complained about cold air in bedroom

• IR spot radiometer has laser pointer, costs $120

• Reveals non-trivial problem that’s clear to all (including customer)

• IAT = 70F; OAT = 25F; Can = 43F

• Warm air rises, cold air descends!

Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc

Page 50: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Ceiling Fixture

• Includes hard wired CFL, electronic ballast• Can cover “can” lights; providing better, diffuse light and

allows the cans to be air sealed and insulated• Saves electricity and gas!

Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc

Page 51: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Ceiling Fixture This Instant Pendant Light screws into the recessed light fixture

Page 52: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

PowerLux Solution—No Leaks

• Ballast is outside of hot can in rim where it stays cool• CFLs that fit the system are available in 18, 26, 32, and 42

watts, and in color temperatures from 2700 to 4100K • All have a color rendering index of 82 and 12,000 hour

lifetimes• Initial luminous efficacy ranges from 67 to 76 lm/W

Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc

Page 53: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Outcome of Dirty Photocell

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Ann

ual k

Wh

Average

Baseload Summer Winter

A. Tamasin Sterner, Pure Energy

Page 54: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Strategies To Reduce Electric Light Use

• Use natural light whenever possible

• Turn lights off when not needed – especially anything left on 24/7

• Consider photo and occupancy sensors

• Choose bulbs with highest lumens per watt

• Select lighting to fit each task or situation

• Use a low watt nightlight instead of a main light

• Use light colored lampshades/reflector cans

• Clean bulbs and fixtures for brightest light

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GE Refrigerator circa 1934

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Factors Affecting Refrigerator Energy Use

• Size• Features• Age• Ambient air temperature• Control settings

– Thermostats– Anti-sweat (energy saver)

switch• Loading patterns • Covered containers• Condition of door gaskets• Cleanliness of coils• Door openings

Page 57: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Safe and Efficient Temperatures

Desired Temperatures:

Fresh food: 36-40°FFreezer: 0-5°F

• Measure temperatures in the middle of the fresh food and freezer compartments

• Use standard or digital thermometers. A non-contact thermometer is not suitable for testing the temperatures inside refrigerators.

http://www.aham.org/ht/a/GetDocumentAction/i/844

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Beer Fridge and Freezer in the Heated Garage is an Expensive Choice

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

An

nu

al k

Wh

Average

Baseload Summer Winter

A. Tamasin Sterner, Pure Energy

Page 59: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Energy Consumption of U.S. Refrigerators

Source: Kinney and Belshe, Refrigerator Replacement in the Weatherization Program: Putting a Chill on Energy Waste.E Source, September 2001, page 1.

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Annual Energy Use as determined by:

• Nameplate information & look up in data base

• Age

• Refrigerant R-134a

• Metering – 2 hours preferred

• Broken – hardware failure, constant running, insufficient cooling

Replacement Criteria A good return on investment (ROI)

Page 61: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Energy Star Databasewww.energystar.gov

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Refrigerator Dataplate &Input – Output www.energystar.gov

Mfg

Model

Size

Style

Age

8-Minute Rule

Page 63: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Calculating PaybackFridge/Freezer Removal

kWh/yr x $/kWh = operating cost/year = annual Savings for removing unit

Replacement Savings old op cost – new op cost = savings/yr

Purchase Price / savings $/yr = simple payback in years

and “Savings” = tax free income!

Page 64: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

If You Meter Refrigerators

Using the Brultech ECM-1200

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kiloWatt Hour MetersBrultech ECM-1220b

www.brultech.comVolts, Watts, Elapsed time,kWh/periodTotal cost for periodDual or 240V appliance metering

Kill A Watt EZ www.p3international.com

Volts, Amps, VA, Hertz, Power FactorkWh, Elapsed Time

Brand Electronics, Model 20-1850

www.brandelectronics.com

Watts, kWh, Elapsed timeCost per month, Total costPeak power , Amps, Power factor

Watts Up? PRO Meter

www.dom.com/products

Watts, kWh, Elapsed timeCost per month, Total costPeak power, Amps, Power factor

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Refrigerator Testing Tips• If you interrupt a compressor cycle, wait 8

minutes before plugging it back in • If door is closed and you still have 40W on the

meter, perhaps the door switch is broken or the anti-sweat heater is running

• The usual running range (compressor on) is 200-400 Watts. Newer refrigerators draw about 150 Watts

• Watch for defrost periods (~400 Watts) • Unplug a refrigerator to clean the coils

Page 67: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Automatic Defrost Cycle (14.4 ft3 GE unit, 355 Btu for 13.45 minutes)

Source: Kinney and Belshe, Refrigerator Replacement in the Weatherization Program: Putting a Chill on Energy Waste.E Source, September 2001, page 16.

Fresh food compartmenttemperature does not respond significantlyto defrost cycle.

How much time is requiredfor freezer temperaturerecovery after defrost?

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Refrigerator Use Examples

Existing

Size

(cu. ft.)

kWh at 1 hr. kWh at 2 hr.

kWh/year of Existing

Unit

Approx. kWh/yr of New Unit

15 or less .104 kWh/hr At least .208 911 354

16-19 .13 kWh/hr At least .26 1,139 368 (17 cu. ft.)

383 (18 cu. ft.)

20-24 .14 kWh/hr At least .28 1,226 408 (21 cu. ft.)

25 or greater

.2 kWh/hr At least .4 1,752 577 max. (20-25 cu. ft.)

Page 69: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Strategies to Reduce Refrigerator Energy Use

• GET RID OF 2nd, 3rd, 4th UNITS• Set controls to avoid over-cooling• Keep it as cool as possible—away from stove,

heat registers, direct sunlight• Understand and use the energy saver or

moisture control switch if present• Be sure the door closes tightly after opening• Keep containers covered• Allow air to circulate freely around the unit and

clean the condenser coils

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EPA WaterSense

http://www.epa.gov/watersense/

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Annual End Use Consumption Ranges (kWh)

Electricity Use LOW MID HIGH

Baseload 2250 5000 8000

Domestic Hot Water

Hot water use, 1-3 people 2500 4500 6000Cost at $.10 per kWh $250 $450

Hot water use, 3-6 people 4000 6000 8000Cost at $.10 per kWh $400 $600 $800

National averages trued up to PA utility program experience

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Household Hot Water Use

Buildings Energy Data Book: 8.2 Residential Sector Water Consumption September 2008

Note(s): 1) Based analysis on 10 single family homes in Seattle, WASources: 2000 Residential End Uses of Hot Water in Single-Family Homes from Flow-Trace Analysis

http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/docs/xls_pdf/8.2.4.pdf

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What Affects Hot Water Use?

• Leaks• The number of

occupants• Difference (∆T)

between incoming & hot water temperature

• Fixture flow rate• Appliance type and

style

• Water heater tank insulation

• Water heater energy factor (EF)

• Distribution piping design & location

• Climate and localized ambient temperature

• Time of use options

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Thermometers: Water Temperature

Recommended: 120° F

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Too Hot Water is Dangerous

Children and elderly people are at greater risk for injury

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Water Temperature Setting for Clothes Washer

(millions of households)

Wash Cycle • Hot............................. 6.2 • Warm............................ 49.7 • Cold............................ 28.2Rinse Cycle • Hot............................. 1.4 • Warm............................ 16.6• Cold............................ 66.1No Washing Machine................ 22.9

Source: www.projectlaundrylist.org

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recs2001/hc_pdf/usage/hc6-1a_climate2001.pdf

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Flow – Gallons per Minute (gpm)

MicroWeir

OR… a stop watch & a gallon jug. If it fills in less than 2 minutes, it is likely a candidate for replacement!

Showerheads:2.5 gpm the ruleLess is better!

Larr

y Ki

nney

Pho

to

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http://www.energyfederation.org/consumer/default.php/cPath/27

Household Water Use – Not only Hot

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Strategies to Reduce DHW Use & Water Waste

• Fix all leaks – hot or not• Keep thermostat at safe

& efficient setting• Reduce standby losses• Limit use of hot water

when doing laundry or cleaning

• Turn off water when not using

• Turn thermostat down or off for vacations

• Manage outdoor water use: car washing, irrigation

Page 80: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Use of Clothes Washer(millions of U.S. households)

www.projectlaundrylist.org

www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recs2001/hc_pdf/usage/hc6-1a_climate2001.pdf

• Loads of Laundry Washed Each Week– 1 Load or Less.................. 6.8– 2 to 9 Loads.................... 65.1 – 10 to 15 Loads.................. 9.6 – More than 15 Loads.............. 2.7

Page 81: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Use of Clothes Dryer(millions of U.S. households)

• Use a Clothes Dryer............... 78.8 – Every Time Clothes are Washed... 63.5– Some, but not All, Loads........ 12.7 – Used Infrequently............... 2.7

• No Clothes Dryer................28.2

www.projectlaundrylist.org

www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recs2001/hc_pdf/usage/hc6-1a_climate2001.pdf

Page 82: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Dryers are responsible for 6-10% of domestic

electricity use.

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Page 83: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

We Looked: We Saw… • High occupancy• Anything running 24/7: air

handler, lighting • Extra lighting• Multiple refrigerators and/or

freezers• Broken appliances• Failing motors• Malfunctioning equip: well,

septic, sump pumps• Heavy-duty battery

chargers• Home entertainment rooms• Large/multiple aquariums

• Off-site but connected loads• Waterbed heaters• Dehumidifiers set too high• Forgotten heaters in crawl

spaces, garage, porches• Grow lights• Ice makers running without

water hookup• Washers always using hot

water• Ventilation equipment• Pressure tank problems• Current leaking to earth:

water heater, yard line, well pump

Page 84: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Ceiling fans, too if on 24/7

Example: Cost of Operation• Airhandler fans on 24/7

(@400-600W) 500W x 24 hours x 365

days x .001kW/W = 4,380 kWh/yr @$.10 = $438 per year

• Radon exhaust fans. EPA IAQ house standards require them in attached garages. (@80-125W)100W x 8760 hrs/yr x .001kW/W = 876 kWh/yr @ $.10 = $88 per year

Page 85: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Baseload Waste Often Reveals as Heat

Page 86: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

High Number of Occupants

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

An

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Wh

Average

Baseload Summer Winter

A. Tamasin Sterner, Pure Energy

Page 87: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Influencing Change

• Identify all possible opportunities to save

• Put costs on operations and equipment use

• Recognize what customer cares about and will/won’t do

• Focus on biggest users

• Prioritize where you spend your time

• Present only options that make sense and offer a return on investment

Page 88: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

AirHandlerOn->Auto

SetBackTstat

24hrFansOff

TurnDownTstat

LidsOnPots

FiltersMonthly

FridgeDoorClose

RecommendedIgnored

Worthwhile

Marginal

Waste?

ComputersOff

ColdWash

2ndFridge/FrzOff

VampirePowerStrips

Priorities: Recommended vs. Worthwhile: Actions

LightsOff

ClothesLine

ShorterShowers

CeilingFan

CeilingFan24hrTVsOff24hrLightsOff

CleanFridgeCoils

HumidiferOff

Urban Legends

Note: Values based somewhat on difficulty in maintaining action

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Page 89: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Baseload is a Waste & Pollution Issue

• Over a five year period, an incandescent bulb uses electricity equal to 10 mg of mercury emissions from a coal-fired plant.

• A CFL may contain 1- 4 mg of mercury, but “uses” only 2.4 mg of emissions from electricity.

• Mercury in a CFL is contained and is recycled with proper disposal*. Once out of the smokestack mercury is uncontrollable.

• Electricity generated from coal-fired plants is only 33% efficient at the plug. The rest of the source energy is “wasted” in generation, transmission, & distribution losses.

U.S. EAP 2002* www.Earth911.org

Page 90: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Coal-Fired Electricity Generation

Water waste: ½ to 1 gallon per kWh

NOXSOX

Mercury (Hg)Particulates

Greenhouse Gases

GHGCarbon Dioxide

Equivalency

CO2e

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Page 91: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990
Page 92: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Feedback Welcome!

A. Tamasin Sternerwww.PureEnergyAudits.com

Rana Belshe715-334-2707

[email protected] to: Larry Kinneywww.synertechsystems.comRick Kargwww.karg.com

Page 93: A. Tamasin Sterner  Pure Energy Lancaster, Pennsylvania 717-293-8990

Light fixtures in upscale home

• Major leakage to attic through fixtures

• Nine 75 Watt incandescent bulbs in kitchen ceiling

• Middle row retrofitted with CFLs: 25W, 20W, 13W

• Fix is 13W CFLs plus metal box 1 ft on a side in attic

Larry Kinney, Synertech Systems Inc