A Tale of Woe: Middle Eastern Economic Attitudes
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Transcript of A Tale of Woe: Middle Eastern Economic Attitudes
Bruce StokesDirector, Global Economic AttitudesPew Research Center
June 2013
A Tale of Woe: Middle Eastern Economic Attitudes
Spring 2013 Pew Global Attitudes Survey
Economic Conditions
2
Most in Middle East Dissatisfied With Country Direction
Median percentages for Turkey, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories and Israel.
Q1.
2007 2009 2011 20130
20
40
60
80
100
29 24
4234
69 74
55 60
Satisfied Dissatisfied
3
Notable Dissatisfaction in Egypt
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
20
40
60
80
100
4
27
41 Israel
21
55
20
13 Tunisia
6 12 Palest. ter.7
11 Lebanon
% Satisfied
Q1.
4
Economies Are Not Doing Well
2002 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
20
40
60
80
100
14
53 Turkey46
43 Israel
33
27 Jordan
53
23 Egypt
10
22 Palest. ter.17
11 Tunisia5 10 Lebanon
% Good
Q4.
5
Little Optimism in Middle EastOver the next 12 months, ___ will improve
National economic
conditionsPersonal economic
situation % %
U.S. 44 43
Canada 29 34
Africa 60 68
Latin America 44 57
Asia/Pacific 40 48
Middle East 28 32
Europe 19 20Q5 & Q7.
6
Few Say Economy Will ImproveOver the next 12 months, the economy will…
Tunisia
Turkey
Egypt
Jordan
Israel
Palest. ter.
Lebanon
50
39
29
28
27
27
19
19
24
26
33
39
33
33
25
32
42
37
30
35
48
Improve Remain the same Worsen
Q5.
7
Personal Finances Bad
Israel
Turkey
Palest. ter.
Tunisia
Jordan
Lebanon
Egypt
38
46
50
57
69
70
79
59
52
48
42
30
30
21
GoodBad
Q6.
8
Worried about Personal Finances? Get an Education!
Personal economic situation is good
Less than college College degree Diff % %
Egypt 10 65 +55Jordan 24 65 +41Lebanon 25 48 +23Turkey 50 71 +21Tunisia 40 60 +20Palest. ter. 45 56 +11Israel 57 66 +9Q6.
9
Few Think Children Will Be Better Off than Parents
Tunisia
Israel
Turkey
Jordan
Lebanon
Palest. ter.
Egypt
49
41
39
31
26
23
22
4
22
8
22
20
29
29
39
27
43
43
47
38
42
Better off Same (Vol) Worse off
Q8.
10
Better Educated Are Optimistic about Future Generations
Children today will be better off than their parents
Less than
college degree College degree Diff % %
Jordan 25 68 +43Turkey 37 59 +22Egypt 19 32 +13
Lebanon 24 33 +9
Palest. ter. 22 27 +5
Israel 41 41 0
Tunisia 50 49 -1Q8.
11
Many Face Personal Deprivation
Could not afford food
Could not afford health care
Could not afford clothes
2007 2013 Change 2007 2013 Change 2007 2013 Change
% % % % % %
Egypt 8 36 +28 44 48 +4 31 57 +26
Jordan 5 22 +17 16 36 +20 17 31 +14
Turkey 48 39 -9 47 36 -11 50 41 -9
Israel 14 5 -9 18 12 -6 21 12 -9
Lebanon 12 1 -11 22 13 -9 20 15 -5
Palest. ter. 43 27 -16 47 37 -10 50 37 -13
Tunisia -- 31 -- -- 39 -- -- 36 --
Q182a-c.
12
Many Low Income Sometimes Go Hungry
% Could not afford food
Low income
Middle income
High income
High-low gap
% % %
Jordan 52 9 5 -47
Tunisia 45 26 11 -34
Turkey 51 41 22 -29
Palest. ter. 38 13 13 -25
Israel 17 6 0 -17
Egypt 40 37 30 -10Q182a.
13
Poor: More Than Half in 4 of 7 Nations Can’t Pay Health Care
% Could not afford health care
Low income
Middle income
High income
High-low gap
% % %
Jordan 78 27 3 -75
Tunisia 59 29 12 -47
Lebanon 34 1 0 -34
Palest. ter. 52 19 22 -30
Israel 27 19 4 -23
Turkey 45 38 28 -17
Egypt 53 48 41 -12Q182b.
14
Spring 2013 Pew Global Attitudes Survey
Challenges and Policy Options
15
Everything is Economic Problem
73
72
63
60
Unemployment
Rising prices
Public debt
Rich-poor gap
% Very big problem
Median percentages for Turkey, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Tunisia, Palestinian territories and Israel.
Q21a-d. 16
Prices, Jobs Biggest Challenges% Very big problem
Lack of job opportunities
Rising prices
Public debt
Gap between rich and poor
% % % %
Lebanon 91 92 89 86
Tunisia 90 90 78 82
Palest. ter. 86 79 72 60
Turkey 73 72 63 68
Israel 62 70 46 51
Egypt 60 62 44 49
Jordan 56 59 46 44
MEDIAN 73 72 63 60Q21a-d.
17
Curbing Inflation Top PriorityMost important for gov’t to address first
Rising prices
Lack of job opportunities
Gap between rich and poor
Public debt
% % % %
Tunisia 48 27 4 5Jordan 44 20 9 11Egypt 36 31 11 10Israel 31 24 18 14Lebanon 24 21 10 13Turkey 21 43 11 8Palest. ter. 18 40 3 9MEDIAN 31 27 10 10
Q22.
18
Take Action on InflationMost important for gov’t to address first
Rising prices
Lack of job opportunities
Gap between rich and poor
Public debt
% % % %
U.S. 9 41 17 28Canada 11 34 22 28Europe 10 52 11 17Middle East 31 27 10 10Asia/Pacific 40 33 8 10Latin America 29 46 10 4
Africa 30 47 5 3Q22.
19
Most Say Inequality Has Increased
Over the last five years, inequality has…
Lebanon
Israel
Palest. ter.
Tunisia
Turkey
Jordan
Egypt
87
81
73
71
70
54
53
11
13
16
15
9
33
32
2
2
7
12
18
7
9
Increased Stayed the same Decreased
Q24.
20
Economic System Seen As UnfairOur economic system…
Israel
Lebanon
Palest. ter.
Tunisia
Turkey
Jordan
Egypt
19
24
20
25
24
29
29
76
72
70
70
66
66
63
Favors wealthyFair to most
Q56.
21
Spring 2013 Pew Global Attitudes Survey
Perspectives on Egypt, Jordan
22
Economy Top Egyptian Priority
8381
6260
5651
4742
3227
Fair judiciary
Improved economic conditions
Uncensored media
Law and order
Freedom of speech
Honest elections
Religious parties can be part of gov't
Same rights for women as men
Freedom of religion for minorities
Civilian-controlled mili-tary
% Very important
Q122a-j.
23
Nothing Seems to Be Getting Better in Egypt
Compared to the past, __ is …
Getting better
Getting worse
Staying the same DK
% % % %
Fairness of judicial system 35 35 23 8
Personal freedoms 33 36 28 3
Law and order 26 44 27 3
Morality 23 39 34 5
Standard of living 12 56 30 2
Q43EGYa-e.
24
Egypt: Economy Trumps Democracy
Which is more important?
2007 2011 2012 2013
% % % %
Good democracy 42 47 48 45
Strong economy 53 49 49 52
Don’t know 5 4 4 4Q89.
25
Huge Gender Gap in Jordan Male Female Diff
% %
Country satisfaction 47 28 +19
National economy is good 33 19 +14
Personal economic situation is good 38 20 +18
Personal economic situation will improve 42 22 +20
Children will be better off than their parents 41 19 +22
Q1, Q4, Q6, Q7 & Q8.
26
And a Generation Gap Too 18-29 30-49 50+
Youngest-oldest gap
% % %
Country satisfaction 48 35 21 +27
National economy is good 32 25 18 +14
Personal economic situation is good 35 29 17 +18
Personal economic situation will improve 37 32 19 +18
Children will be better off than their parents 37 30 18 +19
Q1, Q4, Q6, Q7 & Q8.
27
Jordanian Rich and Poor Differ Widely on Priorities
% Most important for government to address first
Low income
Middle income
High income
High-low gap
% % %
Rising prices 65 51 12 -53
Rich-poor gap 17 9 1 -16
Public debt 8 8 19 +11
Lack of job opportunities 7 24 29 +22Q22.
28
All Pew Global Attitudes Project reports and data are available online at www.pewglobal.org