A Tale of Two Armies: The Confederate Army of Northern...
Transcript of A Tale of Two Armies: The Confederate Army of Northern...
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A Tale of Two Armies: The Confederate Army of Northern
Virginia and the Union Army of the Potomac and Their Culture
Joseph T. GlatthaarStephenson Distinguished Professor
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Sample of Army of Northern
Virginia• 600 Soldiers Chosen Randomly
– 300 Infantrymen
– 150 Cavalrymen
– 150 Artillerymen
– 44 Officers and 556 Enlisted Men
• 51 Areas of Information
19 Prewar Categories
26 Wartime Categories
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Sample of Army of the Potomac
• 800 Soldiers Chosen Randomly
– 400 Infantrymen
– 200 Cavalrymen
– 200 Artillerymen
– 37 Officers and 763 Enlisted Men
• 61 Areas of Information
29 Prewar Categories
32 Wartime Categories
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6.310
83.7
6.911.3
81.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Artillery Cavalry Infantry
Branches in Armies (%)
Union
Confederate
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
<1821 1821-30 1831-35 1836-40 1840-45 >1845
Year of Birth
Union
Confederate
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34.6
65.4
21
37.5
62.5
31.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Married Single Father
Marriage and Fatherhood (%)
Union
Confederate
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Personal and Family Wealth (%)
Union
Confederate
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64
23.2
12.8
61.4
24.7
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Lower Middle Upper
Economic Class, Union States and Army of the Potomac (%)
Union States AP
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48.4
26.9 24.7
41.7
22.8
35.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Lower Middle Upper
Economic Class, Southern States and Army of Northern Virginia (%)
So. States
ANV
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4.9
19.924.9
13
37.2
44.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Personal Personal andFamily
Household
Slaveholding by Percent
SlaveStates
Army
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61.4
24.7
14
41.7
22.8
35.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Lower Middle Upper
Economic Class, Army of the Potomac and Army of Northern Virginia (%)
Union
Confederacy
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Occupation (%)
Union
Confederate
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20.6
13.1
1.2
24.726.8
15
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Died WIA POW
Officers Dead, Wounded, and Captured (%)
Union
Confederates
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Occupation (%)
Union
Confederate
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20.6
13.1
1.2
24.726.8
15
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Died WIA POW
Officers Dead, Wounded, and Captured (%)
Union
Confederates
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Jul-Sep61
Oct-Dec61
Jan-Mar62
Apr-Jun62
Jul-Sep62
Oct-Dec62
Jan-Mar63
Apr-Jun63
Jul-Sep63
Oct-Dec63
Jan-Mar64
Apr-Jun64
Jul-Sep64
Oct-Dec64
Jan-Apr65*
Quarterly Desertion
AP
ANV
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10.3
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
Union Confederate
Fatherhood and Desertion
Union
Confederate
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35.4
10.8
37.5
19
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Married Married Who Deserted
Marriage and Desertion (%)
Union
Confederate