A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO MODERN COATING TECHNOLOGY...
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WB PIGMENT CONCENTRATES A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO MODERN COATING TECHNOLOGY
Transcript of A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO MODERN COATING TECHNOLOGY...
WB PIGMENT CONCENTRATES
A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO
MODERN COATING TECHNOLOGY
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
A Sustainable Approach to Modern Coating Technology
Patcham FZC is a well-established manufacturer of specialty additives headquartered in the United Arab Emirates. Since its inception, Patcham has steadily grown into a leading supplier of specialty additives for the Paint & Coatings, Ink, PVC and Composite industries.
The company’s Pat-Add range of coating additives includes wetting & dispersing agents, defoamers, slip & leveling agents, rheology modifiers. Whilst keeping focus on environmental sustainability, the company produces products using green raw materials that are APEO free and have low or no VOC.
These products are multi functional and multi compatible, which simplifies the production process, reduces the chance of errors and minimizes inventory thus improving cost effective-ness.
Patcham has built a strong manufacturing and R&D infrastructure that enables the rapid transition from concept to products. The company has strategically located technical service laboratories, offices and representatives around the world to provide the most efficient customer service. In addition, a well-developed robust supply chain network enables it to deliver its products and services to customers around the globe with minimal lead-time.
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Introduction
The advantages of pigment concentrates
Requirements of a pigment concentrate
Faster delivery
Lowers cost of production of small batches
Immediate availability for a wide color spectrum
Reduced cost of storage
Simplify paint production with higher reproducibility
Compatibility with a wide range of coating systems
Good storage stability at the highest possible pigment level
Color stable, no change in gloss, no haze, transparency, no flooding/floating
No syneresis or settling
Optimum rheology for computerized dispensing systems
Easy incorporation, low shear should be sufficient for optimum dispersing
Pigment concentrates generally refers to any pigment dispersion used as tinting pastes or full mixing systems. Pigment concentrates contain high loading of pigments dispersed with or without a dispersing resin. Stainers, tinters, colorants, shading pastes are some of the alternate terms used.
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Patcham dispersing and wetting agents in focus
The role of wetting agent is to gradually reduce the interfacial surface tension as a result of which the air entrapped on the pigment surface is replaced by the medium. This results in effective wetting of the pigment.
The process of dispersing follows Figure 3, which illustrates that dispersion requires the input of energy to break up the agglomerates into primary particles. Mechanical forces such as grinding or high speed dispersion are required for the above process. Once the particles are mechanically broken down to their primary size, stabilization of the particles takes place through the adsorption of the dispersing additives.
To ensure long term stability of the dispersed primary particles, the dispersant molecules have to be firmly adsorbed onto the pigment surface. This means that the additive require the effective pigment affinic groups or segments which can interact strongly in the pigment surface by ionic bonding, dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding.
Figure 2: Illustration of pigment wetting & dispersion
Figure 3: Pigment dispersion process Figure 4: Mechanism of pigment stabilization
The mechanism of pigment stabilization as shown in Figure 4 is either by electrostatic repulsion or steric hindrance or both. In case of water based pigment concentrates it is electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance and in solvent borne systems it is mainly steric hindrance.
Why are wetting & dispersing agents utilized
Primary particlesDispersion
Agglomerated/�occulated particles
Pigment powder De-�occuated Primary particles
1 particle> 100,000 particles
Electrostatic repulsionSteric hindranceStabilization increases with
thickness of electrical double layer
Resin/solvent compatible chains protruding into the surroundingvehicle.
Stabilization increases withthickness of electrical double layer
Polyelectrolytes Additives used for dispersion in waterborne systemsHigh molecular weight products containing electrical charges in side chains Polyphosphates Polycarboxylates
Pigment wetting & dispersionDuring the wetting step, air and moisture occurring on thepigment surface are driven off and replaced by the liquid of the mill-base
Good wetting (adjusting surface tension liquids phase through wetting agent):Agglomerates
Entrapped air
Wetting agents
Particle covered with wetting agent
Dispersing medium
Right beaker:with wetting agent, flowable mill base
Enabling high pigment loadinglow mill-base viscosityhigh milling efficiency
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Patcham's innovative High Molar Volume technology dispersants are specially designed polymers with a higher volume per mass as compared to conventional high molecular weight dispersing agents.
Multiple anchoring groups and multi compatible polymeric chains make it most suitable for high structured carbon blacks, organic pigments and wide range of resin systems
Key features of High Molar Volume technology : Dense network of anchoring groups provides best wetting of pigments
Optimum mill base viscosity and reduced milling time
High jetness and blue under tone Provides excellent long term stability of pigment dispersions
Superior gloss and transparency
HMV polymer dispersants
Figure 5b: Comparative mechanism of conventional and HMV technology based dispersing agents
Wetting and dispersion process:Stabilization
Stabilisation:DLVO theory interaction attractive/repulsive forces
Pigment stabilization of HMV polymer
Higher volume contributes to thicker adsorbed layer, preventingattractive forces to dominate stabilizing forces: Stable dispersion!
∆Da
Wetting and dispersion process
adsorption layer cannot prevent agglomeration...
(Relatively) low layer thickness of the adsorbed layer cannot prevnt attractive forces to dominate stabilizing forces: agglomeration
Conventional polymeric dispersants: low volume per mass
∆ Da:distance at which
particles agglomerate
attra
ctio
n
repu
lslo
n
V+
V-∆d: decreasing distance between 2 particles
Repulsive, electrostatic and or steric
Vt= Va+Vrs (sum forces)Va= van der Waals attractionVr= Repulsion forces
Reference:“Additives for coating”, Wiley-VCH,Ed.Johan Bieleman
∆Da: Distance at which particles agglomerate
Figure 5a: DLVO theory for attractive & repulsive forces
Thicker adsorption layer preventing agglomeration...
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Water based pigment concentrates
Architectural pigment concentrates
Pat-Add DA 603
HMV polymeric wetting and dispersing agent for all type of pigment dispersions
For RFPC, RMPC architectural and WB industrial paints, high temperature baking coatings, OEM coatings
Strong dispersing properties
Reduces millbase viscosity, enabling high pigment loading
Minimize tendency of flocculation in waterborne coatings
Strong contribution on electrostatic pigment stabilization and steric stabilization on pigment Optimum color development
Wide applicability: aqueous systems, paints, inks and colorants
Figure 6: Flow behavior of pigment concentrates based on Pat-Add DA 603
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Low VOC pigment concentrates
Water
PEG 400
Pat-Add DA 603 LV
Biocide
Pat-Add AF 34
pH regulator
Pigment
Letdown
Pat-Add Rheol 100
3% HEC solution
Pat-Add AF 34
Water
Total
Table 1: Low -VOC formulation with Pat-Add DA 603 LV
45.00
7.00
3.50
0.50
0.20
0.20
30.00
0.50
-
0.20
12.90
100.00
30.00
10.00
12.00
0.50
0.20
0.30
25.00
0.25
-
0.20
21.55
100.00
30.00
8.00
7.00
0.50
0.20
0.30
35.00
0.75
-
0.20
18.05
100.00
20.00
10.00
5.00
0.50
0.20
0.30
30.00
1.50
-
0.20
32.30
100.00
25.00
10.00
7.00
0.50
0.20
0.30
25.00
0.40
-
0.20
31.40
100.00
18.00
10.00
5.00
0.50
0.20
0.50
60.00
-
5.60
0.20
-
100.00
12.00
10.00
4.00
0.50
0.20
0.50
60.00
-
5.00
0.20
7.60
100.00
Figure 7: Mass tone of WB pigment concentrates
Water based pigment concentrates
Raw materialsHostapermYellow H6G Quin. violet
Novoperm F3RK-70
HostapermGreen GNX Raven 14
BayferroxL3920
Red iron oxide
R
R
RR
R
PY 175 PV 19 PR 170 PG 7 PBk7 PY 42 PR 101
Weight (%)
PG 7 PY 42 PR 170 PBLK 7
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Water based pigment concentrates
Table 2a: Black pigment concentrate with Pat-Add DA 603
Table 2b: Black pigment concentrate with Pat-Add DA 603
Water
Propylene glycol
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add AF 34
Biocide
pH regulator
Pigment
Pat-Add Rheol 100
Water
Pat-Add AF 34
Pat-Add Rheol 100
Total
20.00
20.00
13.00
0.20
0.50
1.00
12.00
1.00
29.60
0.20
2.50
100.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
30.00
-
8.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
30.00
20.00
13.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
15.00
-
20.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
40.00
20.00
13.00
0.20
0.50
1.00
12.00
-
12.60
0.20
0.50
100.00
25.00
20.00
10.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
25.00
-
18.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
25.00
15.00
10.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
40.00
-
7.10
0.20
1.50
100.00
35.00
20.00
16.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
20.00
-
6.80
0.20
0.80
100.00
Water
Propylene glycol
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add AF 34
Biocide
pH regulator
Pigment
Water
Pat-Add AF 34
Pat-Add Rheol 100
Total
24.00
24.00
12.20
0.25
0.60
0.60
30.50
7.50
0.05
0.60
100.00
28.00
23.00
10.30
0.23
0.57
0.57
28.00
7.05
0.20
2.08
100.00
27.00
20.00
9.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
40.00
4.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
25.00
20.00
9.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
40.00
4.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
27.00
20.00
17.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
30.00
4.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
33.00
20.00
9.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
25.00
11.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
20.00
20.00
12.50
0.20
0.50
0.50
30.00
15.60
0.20
0.50
100.00
Raw materials
Raw materials
PBlk 7 PBlk 7 PBlk 7 PBlk 7 PBlk 7 PBlk 7 PBlk 7Weight (%)
MOGUL L PRINTEX G N- 326 N- 330 Powcarbon1009G
Raven 1255 P
Special Black® 4
FW 200 PBlk 7
Monarch 1000
PBlk 7
Monarch1300
PBlk 7
Emperor2000
PBlk 7
Raven5000
PBlk 7
Black BPBlk 7
BLK oxidePBlk 11
RFPC - Resin Free Pigment Concentrate (PG based)
RR R R R
RRR RR R
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Water based pigment concentrates
Figure 8: Mass & tint tone of WB black pigment concentrates
Table 3: Organic pigments with Pat-Add DA 603
Water
Propylene glycol
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add AF 34
Biocide
pH regulator
Pigment
Water
Pat-Add AF 34
Pat-Add Rheol 100
Total
25.00
15.00
7.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
30.00
21.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
20.00
15.00
3.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
50.00
10.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
25.00
15.00
7.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
40.00
11.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
30.00
15.00
7.50
0.20
0.50
0.50
35.00
10.60
0.20
0.50
100.00
27.00
12.00
7.50
0.20
0.50
0.50
45.00
6.60
0.20
0.50
100.00
20.00
15.00
7.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
25.00
30.60
0.20
1.00
100.00
25.00
15.00
6.00
0.20
0.50
0.50
45.00
7.10
0.20
0.50
100.00
25.00
15.00
7.50
0.20
0.50
0.50
45.00
5.60
0.20
0.50
100.00
R
FW 200
N - 326
Monarch 1300
Black oxide
Raven 5000
Special Black® 4
Raw materials
Hostapermviolet RL
Weight (%)PV 23 PY 74 PO 13 PR 112 PR 254 PR 122 PG 7 PB 15.3
HANSAbrilliant
yellow 2GX70
Pigment orange 13
Red FGR 70
IrgazinDPP red BO
Hostapermpink E
Hostapermgreen GNX
Heliogenblue L 7080
RR
RR
R R R
® ® ®
®
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Water based pigment concentrates
Figure 9: Mass & tint tone of WB pigment concentrates
Table 4: Inorganic pigments with Pat-Add DA 603
Opaque iron oxides Transparent iron oxidesRaw materials PY 42 PR 101 PR 101 PY 42
Weight (%)
Water
Propylene glycol
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add AF 34
HEC
pH regulator
Biocide
Pigment
Letdown
Pat-Add AF 34
Pat-Add Rheol 100
Water
Total
15.00
15.00
5.40
0.20
0.30
0.50
0.50
60.00
0.20
0.50
2.40
100.00
9.30
15.70
3.20
0.20
0.30
1.00
0.50
68.00
0.200.55
1.05
100.00
26.00
15.00
20.00
0.20
-
0.50
0.50
35.00
0.200.50
2.10
100.00
25.00
15.00
17.50
0.20
-
0.50
0.50
35.00
0.200.50
5.60
100.00
Hosptaperm® green GNXHANSA® brillent yellow 2GX70Hostaperm® violet RL
Yellow iron oxide Red FGR 70 Heliogen® blue L 7080
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Water based pigment concentrates
Figure 10: WB white pigment concentrates based on Pat-Add DA 603
Water
Propylene glycol
Pat-Add DA 603
Biocide
pH regulator
Pat-Add AF 34
Titanium dioxide
Letdown
Pat-Add AF 34
3% HEC solution
Total
Table 5: White pigments with Pat-Add DA 603
Raw materials
9.00
10.00
4.00
0.30
0.50
0.20
70.00
0.20
5.80
100.00
9.00
10.00
4.00
0.30
0.50
0.20
70.00
0.20
5.80
100.00
9.00
10.00
4.00
0.30
0.50
0.20
70.00
0.20
5.80
100.00
9.00
10.00
4.00
0.30
0.50
0.20
70.00
0.20
5.80
100.00
TipureR-902
Tipure R-902
TronoxCR 826
Tronox CR 826
TronoxCR 828
Titanium dioxide
Titanium dioxide
Weight (%)
R R R
®®
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Water based pigment concentrates
Raw materialsAdvitya dye chem phthalocyanine blue
PB 15:3
Bayferrox L3920PY 42
Organic bright yellowPY 74
Napthol redPR 112
Figure 11: RMPC - Resin minimal pigment concentrate
Table 6: RMPC - Resin minimal pigment concentrate (styrene acrylic emulsion)
Water
Propylene glycol
Styrene acrylic resin
Biocide
pH regulator
Pat-Add DA 603
Pigment
Pat-Add AF 34
Letdown
Pat-Add Rheol 100
Pat-Add AF 34
Water
pH regulator
Total
Weight (%)
23.60
10.00
8.40
0.40
0.50
8.00
42.00
0.30
0.20
0.10
6.40
0.10
100.00
13.40
4.00
3.60
0.50
0.50
8.00
62.00
0.30
1.00
0.10
6.10
0.50
100.00
18.60
8.00
8.40
0.50
0.50
8.00
50.00
0.30
1.00
0.10
4.10
0.50
100.00
26.60
10.00
8.40
0.50
0.50
10.00
36.50
0.30
1.00
0.10
5.60
0.50
100.00
RR
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Table 7 : Color measurement and stability of WB pigment concentrates
Figure 12: Mass & tint tone of pigment concentrates
Water based pigment concentrates
Initial viscosity of PC, cP
After stability test viscosity of PC, cP
Color measurement (Initial), tinting strength with 1% PC in white base
L*
a*
b*
∆E, rubouts
Color measurement (after stability, 45 days), tinting strength with 1% PC in white base
L*
a*
b*
∆E, rubouts
164
180
65.87
-22.78
-33.10
0.35
66.55
-21.60
-31.46
0.53
296
282
86.87
5.30
27.38
0.77
86.64
4.91
29.22
0.65
384
464
91.20
-0.23
43.46
0.49
90.94
-1.28
43.79
0.37
171
250
68.86
39.34
6.58
0.27
70.02
36.78
8.27
0.24
PropertiesAdvaitya dye chemphthalocyanine blue
PB 15:3
Bayferrox L 3920PY 42
Organic bright yellowPY 74
Napthol red
PR 112
R R
PB 15:3 PY 42 PY 74
*
*PC - Pigment concentrate
www.patchamltd.com
PATCHAM (FZC)
P.O. Box: 7753,Saif Zone, Sharjah, UAETel: +971-6-5570035Fax: +971-6-5570038Email: [email protected]
PATCHAM INDIA
B-52, Pravasi Industrial EstateVishweshwar Nagar, Off Aarey RoadGoregoan (E), Mumbai - 400 063 (India)Tel: +91-22-29272471Email: [email protected]
PATCHAM EUROPE BV
Klavermaten 65-1 7472 DD GoorNetherlandsEmail: [email protected]
PATCHAM USA LLC
700 Plaza Drive - Suite 216Secaucus, New Jersey 07094Tel: (201) 293-4282Fax: (201) 820-0818Email: [email protected]
The information given in this booklet is intended for technical guidance without obligation. Ver. 1.0
