A survey of rural A survey of rural wireless wireless

communication communication and networks and networks developmentdevelopment

Rudzidatul Akmam Dziyauddinrudzi@ic.utm.my

UTM RAZAK School,Jalan Semarak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

• A big challenge for rural community to access wireless broadband – – Internet– Voice call

• Why this occurs??– High Cost (Deployment, Maintenance)– Low scattered population resulted to low revenue– Low power supplu problem (solar limitation)– Environment (Hills, Rivers)

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LITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEWTechnology Used Authors Advantages Disadvantages

VSAT + WIFI Tarchi, D. ; Corazza, G.E. ; Vanelli-Coralli, A. [2013]

Cost effective Low data rate

Mesh Networks Gaur, Nivedita ; Chakraborty, Abhishek ; Manoj, B.S. [2014],

Kobel, C. ; Baluja Garcia, W. ; Habermann, J.[2014]

Good data rate

Complexity High cost and maintenance

TV Whitespace McGuire, Colin ; Weiss, Stephan [2013]

Deshmukh, M.; Patof, K.; Frederiksen, F; Skouby, K; Prasad, R. [2013]

Good data rate

Required sufficient and available spectrum

WIFI Multihop/Long Distance Zaidi, Z. [2013]

Good data rate Complexity, High Cost and Maintenance

Wireless Broadband (3G, WiMAX, LTE)

Chaklader, S. ; Alam, J. ; Islam, M. ; Sabbir, A.S. [2013]

Kin Lien Chee; Anggraini, A.; Kurner, T [2013]

Good data rate

High cost and maintenance

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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

• To investigate the current ICT facilities and technology used at indigenous schools, particularly in Malaysia

• To explore the current ICT issues and difficulties encountered at indigenous schools

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGYRESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• Location: SK Banun & SK Sungai Tiang

• Unstructured Interview• Open-ended questions • Respondents: 3 for each

school• 1 headmaster, 1 teacher,

and 1 ICT technician

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RESULTS & DISCUSSIONRESULTS & DISCUSSION

VSAT SATELLITE, SK AIR BANUN VSAT SATELLITE, SK AIR TIANG

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RESULTS & DISCUSSIONRESULTS & DISCUSSIONSK AIR BANUNSK AIR BANUN

Router, switch and server

Lab computer

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RESULTS & DISCUSSIONRESULTS & DISCUSSION SK SG TIANG SK SG TIANG

FLOOR PLAN SOLAR PANEL

VSAT LOCATION SOLAR PANEL8

DISCUSSIONDISCUSSION

• New version of computers are provided • Insufficient internet networks • Internet connectivity is extremely slow– The data rate of 20 Mbps shared with other surrounded

schools– Unable to access internet during peak hours – Difficulties to key in students’ marks into the online

system– Ineffective ICT lessons to indigenous students

• Insufficient power supply with solar panel9

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

• Insufficient ICT facilities – low bandwidth• Slow internet connection for all schools -

ineffective• The technology used is VSAT and WIFI – slow

evolution compared to other countries• Power interruption affects the internet service

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