A Survey of Human-Computer Interaction Design in...
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A Survey of Human-Computer Interaction Design in
Science Fiction MoviesMichael Schmitz, Saarland University
Christoph Endres, DFKI GmbHAndreas Butz, University of Munich
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History of this paper
• Seminar talk by Michael Schmitz in 2003
• english paper online
• Slashdotted in 2006
• comments and discussions
• Intetain paper in 2008
• new aspects, new structure
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Motivation
• Movie Industry has a major influence on public mindset and opinions
• Movies also pick up current trends and fashions
• SciFi Movies show visions of the future
• can be inspired by actual technology or research
• can be a source of inspiration for research
• HCI plays a prominent role when presenting new or fictional technology
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Researchers and filmmakers
films cite existing technology
technology inspires films
films inspire new technology
filmmakers and technologists develop shared new visions
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Influencing factors for HCI in movies
• Cool looks
• Limited budget
• Available special FX
• Importance of technology for the story
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Structure of the survey
• Movies adopting contemporary HCI
• Movies with unrealized HCI visions
• Movies anticipating or inspiring HCI research
• Collaboration between Movie and HCI visionaries
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Movies adopting contemporary HCI
• Pre-computer ideas about interaction
• Simple adaptation of existing technology
• Advanced technology with well-known interaction
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Pre-computer interaction
Metropolis (1927, Germany), directed by Fritz Lang
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Simple adaptation of ex. technology
• Space ship interiors 1966 (Space Patrol)
• Typing off a punch card (Space Patrol)
• Contemp. computers & joystick (Battlestar Galactica)
• Multi display setup (Password Swordfish)
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Space ship interiors 1966
Raumpatrouille Orion (1966, West Germany), Rolf Honold
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Multi display setup
Password Swordfish (2001, USA), directed by D. Sena
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Movies with unrealized HCI visions (or still unrealized...)
• Invasive neural interfaces
• Technologies for identification
• Display technologies
• Other I/O technologies
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The Matrix: invasive neural interfaces
The Matrix (1999, USA), dir. by the Wachowski Brothers
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Technologies for identification
• Logans Run: identification implants
• Gattaca: instant DNA identification
• The Bourne Identity: hand scanning
• Alien Resurrection: breath identification
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The Bourne Identity: hand scanning
The Bourne Identity (2002, USA/Germany), dir. Doug Liman
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Alien Resurrection: breath identification
Alien 4 (1997, USA), Jean-Perre Jeunet
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Display technologies
• Xerox PARC’s Tabs, Pads and Boards aboard the USS Enterprise (both late 1980ies)?
• Physical display in X-men
• Holographic display in Forbidden Planet
• Holo Cube in Star Trek
• The holo deck in STTNG
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Physical display in X-men
X-Men (2002, USA), directed by Brian Singer
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The holo deck in STTNG
Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987, USA), G. Roddenberry
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Other I/O technologies
• Minority Report: Balls as a Tangible UI
• The Matrix: pills as a physical UI
• The Matrix: phones as gateways between worlds
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The Matrix: pills as a physical UI
The Matrix (1999, USA), dir. by the Wachowski Brothers
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The Matrix: phones as gateways between worlds
The Matrix (1999, USA), dir. by the Wachowski Brothers
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Movies anticipating or inspiring ongoing HCI research
• Total Recall: motion tracking
• Total Recall: ambient display
• STTNG: navigation via public displays
• Hitchhiker: Babel fish
• Time Machine: anthropomorphic interface
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STTNG: navigation via public displays
Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987, USA), G. Roddenberry
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Time Machine: anthropomorphic interface
Time Machine (2002, USA), directed by Simon Wells
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Collaboration between Movie and HCI visionaries
• Minority Report: iris scan
• Minority Report: personalized public displays
• Minority Report: e-ink
• Minority Report: gesture interfaces
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Minority Report: e-ink
Minority Report (2002, USA), directed by Steven Spielberg
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Anecdotes
• The Fifth Element: humanity
• Star Trek: Hello computer!
• Futurama: speech interfaces
• Galaxy Quest
• Dark Star: Ultimate AI
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Star Trek: Hello computer!
Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986, USA), Leon. Nimoy
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Dark Star: Ultimate AI
Dark Star (1974, USA), directed by John Carpenter
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Summary
• SciFi movies influence and are influenced by public perceptions of technology
• HCI prominent in movies
• Different forms of influence
• Many examples, few shown
• Other ordering principles possible
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The End