A Study on Urban Land Conversion A Study on Urban Land Conversion

and Mechanism in Urumqi and Mechanism in Urumqi

Zhang Xin-huan, Yang De-gang, Chen XiZhang Xin-huan, Yang De-gang, Chen Xi

Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,

Chinese Academy of ScienceChinese Academy of Science

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In some degree, urban land conversion can reflect whether In some degree, urban land conversion can reflect whether

the urban develops in a reasonable way . the urban develops in a reasonable way .

With the expansion of Urumqi built-up area, the conversion fWith the expansion of Urumqi built-up area, the conversion f

rom non-building land to urban land and the conversion betrom non-building land to urban land and the conversion bet

ween existing urban land are remarkably.ween existing urban land are remarkably.

Why do we study on this issue?Why do we study on this issue?

As an oasis metropolis in arid region, Urumqi city (located at XinAs an oasis metropolis in arid region, Urumqi city (located at Xin

jiang, China) is developing rapidly in a fragile oasis ecosystem. jiang, China) is developing rapidly in a fragile oasis ecosystem.

Urumqi

1984 2002

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What’s the content of the paper What’s the content of the paper

The The processprocess of urban land conversion in Urumqi of urban land conversion in Urumqi

The The characteristic characteristic of urban land conversion in Urumqiof urban land conversion in Urumqi

The The mechanismmechanism of urban land conversion in Urumqi of urban land conversion in Urumqi

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The process of urban land conversionThe process of urban land conversion

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Residential land, Industrial land, Residential land, Industrial land,

Green land and Public Facilities lGreen land and Public Facilities l

and transferred from non-buildinand transferred from non-buildin

g land account for 74.27g land account for 74.27 ％ ％ of incof inc

reased urban land. reased urban land.

Urban land expanded dominantly Urban land expanded dominantly

in the northern part of Urumqi citin the northern part of Urumqi cit

y. y.

km2

0

5

10

15N

NNE

NE

NEE

E

SEE

SE

SSES

SSW

SW

SWW

W

NWW

NW

NNW

2

Fig. the urban land expansion in diifferent direction from 1984 to 2002

Non-building land to urban land

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conversion between existing urban land

The main land conversion The main land conversion

Public Facilities land conversionPublic Facilities land conversion

59.8159.81 ％ ％ (891.91ha) of the increased Pu(891.91ha) of the increased Pu

blic Facilities Land is blic Facilities Land is transferred fromtransferred from

Non-building Land and 28.5Non-building Land and 28.5 ％ ％ (424.95h(424.95h

a) from Residential Land;a) from Residential Land;

67.08% (156ha) of the decreased Public 67.08% (156ha) of the decreased Public

Facilities Land Facilities Land converts toconverts to Residential Residential

Land and 10.66% (25ha) to Municipal FaLand and 10.66% (25ha) to Municipal Fa

cilities Land. cilities Land.

Public facilities land

into out

1984---2002

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50.6050.60 ％ ％ (3490.98ha) of the increased Re(3490.98ha) of the increased Re

sidential Land is sidential Land is transferred fromtransferred from Non-b Non-b

uilding Land and 5.49uilding Land and 5.49 ％ ％ (378.95ha) fro(378.95ha) fro

m Industrial Land;m Industrial Land;

1092.12ha Residential Land 1092.12ha Residential Land converts toconverts to

other types of land, 38.91% to Public Faother types of land, 38.91% to Public Fa

cilities Land, 22.68% to Industrial Land, cilities Land, 22.68% to Industrial Land,

11.63% to Municipal Facilities Land and 11.63% to Municipal Facilities Land and

22.68% to Road. 22.68% to Road. into out

Residential land

Residential Land conversionResidential Land conversion

1984---2002

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82.8382.83 ％ ％ (1637ha(1637ha ) of the increased Ind) of the increased Ind

ustrial Land is ustrial Land is transferred fromtransferred from non-bu non-bu

ilding land and 12.53ilding land and 12.53 ％ ％ (247.70ha(247.70ha ) fro) fro

m Residential Land;m Residential Land;

528.12ha Industrial Land 528.12ha Industrial Land converts toconverts to o o

ther urban land, 378.95ha to Residentither urban land, 378.95ha to Residenti

al Land, 52.17ha to Public Facilities Laal Land, 52.17ha to Public Facilities La

nd and 48.49ha to Municipal Facilities nd and 48.49ha to Municipal Facilities

Land Land

Industrial Land conversionIndustrial Land conversion

into out

Industrial land

1984---2002

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The characteristic of urban land conversionThe characteristic of urban land conversion

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The area and extent of non-building land converting to urban The area and extent of non-building land converting to urban

land are not equal in different directions. Urban land land are not equal in different directions. Urban land

expanded mostly in the northern part of city.expanded mostly in the northern part of city.

The urban land expansion is more dominant than the The urban land expansion is more dominant than the

conversion of existing urban land. But the conversion conversion of existing urban land. But the conversion

process of existing urban land is becoming more and more process of existing urban land is becoming more and more

significant.significant.

The expansion and conversion of main types of land has The expansion and conversion of main types of land has

resulted in spatial distribution characteristic respectively.resulted in spatial distribution characteristic respectively.

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The mechanismThe mechanism of urban land conversionof urban land conversion

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Land use structure in prophase

Land price

Land interaction

Urban planning

Government policy

Land use structure in later phase

Reasonable development

Continue Converting

Market mechanism

Government mechanism

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Differential Land RentDifferential Land Rent

To public facilities

land

To residential land

To industrial land

Class of

land rent

Rate of conversion

into (%)

Rate of conversion

into(%)

Rate of conversion

into(%)

1 20.53 4.19 0.00

2 14.32 5.75 1.46

3 14.98 16.31 2.45

4 13.37 32.88 3.60

5 6.28 22.61 6.64

6 0.56 1.30 0.49

Public Facilities Land

Residential Land

Industrial Land

Land Rent Class

1984

Public Facilities Land

Residential Land

Industrial Land

Land Rent Class

2002

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The different types of land The different types of land

which can’t coexist are which can’t coexist are

exclusive from each other. exclusive from each other.

Land InteractionLand Interaction

The same type of land The same type of land

are centralizingare centralizing

same to centralization

coexist to centralization

same to centralization

non-coexist to exlusive

Public facilities land

Residential land

Industrial land

The different types of The different types of

land which can coexist land which can coexist

are centralizingare centralizing

19842002

19842002

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Land price

Land interaction

Urban planning

Government policy

Market mechanism

Government mechanism

Some problemson environment

or society

AdjustingHarmonizingDominating

Urban PlanningUrban Planning

Urban Development Planning and Urban Land Use PlanniUrban Development Planning and Urban Land Use Planni

ng are authoritative while influencing the land use distribng are authoritative while influencing the land use distrib

ution.ution.

The function district in urban planning promotes the land The function district in urban planning promotes the land

conversion in Urumqi city. For example, the land conversiconversion in Urumqi city. For example, the land conversi

on into public facilities land, especial commercial land, is on into public facilities land, especial commercial land, is

very evidently in CBD. The industrial land tends to concevery evidently in CBD. The industrial land tends to conce

ntrate in Industrial Park.ntrate in Industrial Park.

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Government Policy on urban land useGovernment Policy on urban land use

The policy of urban land reserveThe policy of urban land reserve

Planning

Government

retraction

repurchase

Market

During 1984-2002, the policy of land use has not affected thDuring 1984-2002, the policy of land use has not affected th

e urban land conversion in Urumqi city. Because the policy e urban land conversion in Urumqi city. Because the policy

began to imply in 2003. began to imply in 2003.

During 2003-2005, Urumqi has stored urban land 883 ha throDuring 2003-2005, Urumqi has stored urban land 883 ha thro

ugh purchasing the land from bankrupt enterprises, collectiugh purchasing the land from bankrupt enterprises, collecti

ng the land unused or purchasing agriculture land near the ng the land unused or purchasing agriculture land near the

built-up area. At the same time, there are 15% land of storagbuilt-up area. At the same time, there are 15% land of storag

e has been supplied to urban planning. e has been supplied to urban planning.

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ConclusionConclusion

The The processprocess of urban land conversion is analyzed by GIS, of urban land conversion is analyzed by GIS,

including the non-building land to urban land and the including the non-building land to urban land and the

conversion between existing urban land. conversion between existing urban land.

Urban land conversion is Urban land conversion is characteristiccharacteristic of following: Urba of following: Urba

n land expanded mostly in the northern part of city; The un land expanded mostly in the northern part of city; The u

rban land expansion is more dominant than the conversiorban land expansion is more dominant than the conversio

n of existing urban land. But the conversion process of en of existing urban land. But the conversion process of e

xisting urban land is becoming more and more significant;xisting urban land is becoming more and more significant;

The expansion and conversion of main types of land resuThe expansion and conversion of main types of land resu

lt in spatial distribution characteristic respectively.lt in spatial distribution characteristic respectively.

Market mechanismMarket mechanism including land price and land including land price and land

interaction plays the basic role to make the urban land interaction plays the basic role to make the urban land

utility more effective. utility more effective. Government mechanismGovernment mechanism including including

urban planning and government policy harmonize the urban planning and government policy harmonize the

conflict between economy, society and ecology in the conflict between economy, society and ecology in the

process of urban land use.process of urban land use.

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Thank you!Thank you!

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