SupervisorNASIF CHOWDHURYSenior Lecturer, City University

NAME ID BATCH

MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN 12230286 21st

KAMRUL HASAN 11328573 19th

MD ABU RAHIAN 12331245 22nd

TOPIC

A Study ON production merchandising of apparel industries in Bangladesh

Production Merchandising

Production Merchandising is a function of multiple activities performed by a person which are either parallel or inter connected. Some of them are interdependent and others are independent of each other. Merchandising involves planning and execution of the export order with the right place, at the right time, in the right quantities, at the right price. It is concerned with all the activities necessary to provide buyers with the merchandise they want to buy and when and where they want it and at prices they can afford and are willing to pay.

Product development:Product development is the business policy of the organization which includes the development of the new designs and styles within the organization. This activity brings the more business to organization, by showing pro-activeness in design development buyer also impress. The role of production merchandiser in this activity plays very important role.

Sampling:Sampling is one of the main processes in Garment manufacturing and it plays vital role in attracting buyers and confirming the order, as the buyers generally places the order once satisfied with the quality and responsiveness of the sampling. Sampling is the most crucial and most important stage of fashion merchandising

Costing Costing is the very dynamic process, and it is the most important function performed by merchandiser.

The garment merchandiser keeps following things in mind.:

Fabric consumptionTrimsCMTValue added services: printing, embroidery, washing, appliqué TestingTransportation and logistics costProfit of the manufacturing organizationCurrency exchange rate

Planning :Production merchandising is an interdependent activity. Successful merchandising is outcome of effective preparation and follows up of time and action calendar by all departments.

Communication:Communication is a most important aspect of any export order process. In production merchandising there are various tools used to communicate with buyers in order to proceed further in export order like quality manual, purchase order, packing list, color way communication, style no. tech pack. Buyer communicates each and every aspect of on-going and future style with merchandiser only.

Coordination:Coordination is the major aspect of fashion merchandising, one need to coordinate with all the departments within the organization and outside the organization in order to run the exportorder successfully. Coordinating with other department is the one of the major responsibility of a production merchandiser.

Sourcing:

For garment export house fabric and trims are the raw material which needs to be outsourced.Sourcing is basically determining the most cost efficient vendor of materials, production, or finished goods at the specified quality and service level. It is closely associated and an important part of apparel merchandiser’s responsibility. Materials basically include piece goods that will be cut and converted into the garments.

Types of Merchandising done in garment export: 1.Marketing Merchandising2.Product Merchandising

Merchandiser responsibility:1. Product development 2. Market and product analysis 3. Selling the concept4. Booking orders 5. Confirming deliveries 6.Designing and sampling 7.Costing 8. Mediating production and quality departments9. Giving shipping instruction and following shipping 10.Helping documentation department11.Taking responsibility for inspections and 12. Following up the shipment

Merchandiser has to perform the following functions:Communication: It is one of the foremost functions of merchandiser because the merchandiser has tocommunicate with different levels of people in his day to day activities.

Planning & Programming: A merchandiser has to check the order requirement, planning for the given order, programming for various activities, proper allocation of work to the assistants.

Follow ups: It includes sending of samples at various stages of order, buyer and buyer house for sample andother approvalsDecision making: A merchandiser has to make several decisions during the order processing like giving approvals like fabrics, color, design, accessories, and packing,

Sourcing & Purchasing: A merchandiser may have to do sourcing and purchasing for raw materials and accessories, suppliers and vendors, new designs, new buyers.

Controlling: This is the crucial activities for any merchandiser.

Coordination: Merchandiser has to coordinate in such way to reduce the uncertainties and difficulties and if there is a problem arises, the merchandiser has to support and lend helping hand in order to complete the task successfully in the given period.Negotiation: It is the activity of convincing, compromising and cooperation which would benefit the both partiesinvolved in the negotiation.

Costing: It is the process of estimating the expenditure of a given product and the subsequent price. It is another crucial function because mostly order conformation depends on the price offered tothe buyers.

Meeting: There are two types of meeting a merchandiser has to be involved. First type, a merchandiser has to conduct the meeting with the concern department in charges to discuss about the proceedings and the status of the running order.

Forecasting: Forecasting is the activity of predicting the future happenings or problems. A merchandiser has to predict the future uncertainties in the current order or industry so that alternative actions or corrective measures can be taken in advance this also includes giving suggestion or ideas about new technologies or new products or latest industrytrends.

Process Flow Chart of Apparel or Garments Merchandising:

Order received from the Buyer with details

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Sample Development

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Price negotiation with the Buyer

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Confirmation of order and receive the ordersheet

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Make buyer requirement sample (Fit, Proto etc) for approval

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Make requisition for bulk fabric

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Make requisition for accessories

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Swatch board making and approval

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Raw material collection and also receive it in factory

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Check and also listing

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Make P.P (pre production Sample) with all actual

↓Pre-production meeting↓Start bulk production↓ Collect daily production and qualityreport↓Make online inspection by strong quality team↓Sample sent to third party testing centre↓Make final inspection for bulk production↓ Shipment↓Send all documents to the Buyer↓Receive payment from Bank↓

Materials and methodology:Methodology: Methodology defines how we go through all the processes of research and how I have

proceeded on. Here includes the steps of conducting the report and the explanation of the sources of data. RATIONALITY OF THE RESEARCH:It appears that merchandising is the most important and essential part of garments industry. But unfortunately in Bangladesh, merchandising planning and controlling is reported to be unsound in case of private sector industrial undertaking

The rationality of merchandising system isstated bellow:

1. To know properly about merchandising of Bengal Leisure wear ltd. 2. To improve product quality.3. To reduce lead-time. 4. To develop or set-up Background linkage industry. 5. To improve productivity.6. To develop infrastructure.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:The objective of research is to portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group. Research refers to the systematic method consisting of enunciating the problem, formulating a hypothesis, and collecting the facts or data, analyzing the facts and reaching certain conclusions either in the form of solutions towards the concerned problem or in certain generalizations for some theoretical formulation.

The research process consists of fivesteps:Defining the problem and research objectives. Developing the research plan.Collecting the information.Analyzing the information.Presenting the findings. Results and Findings:

Time and Action:A “Time and Action” calendar is one of the most important tools for managing a project. Itdefines the ideal date/time period within which the major activities of an order should occur against a scheduled delivery window.We all know how useful To-Do Lists are when we are working on a particular project. In regard to producing clothing, footwear, or fashion accessories, we will typically use what is called a Time & Action Calendar to monitor the projects progress. The calendar is also sometimes referenced as a TNA or T&A calendar. This is essentially a detailed to-do list that covers all the various steps of theproduction process.When creating an apparel manufacturing time & action calendar, it should include the date theorder is received all the way to the time that the product will be delivered at its final destination. This would include manufacturing schedules, transit dates for freight, approval times, etc.

Time & Action plan preparations:Time & Action plan preparations Product or lines for each season must reach the store and sell through in a designated time frame. Delays can totally disrupt the business, because, products meant for one season cannot be sold in other seasons. So lend time must be strictly followed. Lead-time is generally divided into sequence of actions over a time frame.

Conclusion:

In conclusion I can say that this internship report is really essential for every student to get idea about textile industry. By completing this report I have got overall idea of RMG sector and these may be helpful to know about the technical and management knowledge of garments industry also these sector related organizations. This is a huge sector and yet to discover the whole.

2 Limitations: Limitation refers the obstacles I have to face for completing this report and what I

could not cover for this limitation. Time constraint Merchandiser doesn’t have enough time to give the information elaborately. Short time visit in different work stations Lack of organizing chain of command Lack of instruction book, and any change. They are following traditional business. I may have to suffer for lack of supply chain management. No other garment’s data has been compared with Bex tex‟s data. There might be some discrepancies with other factories‟ supply chain scenario Due to high employee turnover rate and lack of good reporting practices in the factory; problems with collecting data have been faced.