A Study of Integrated Disease Management in [Autosaved] Pppp

8/22/2019 A Study of Integrated Disease Management in [Autosaved] Pppp

1/19

A STUDY OF INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN

RICE

Submitted by

Mr. PANKAJ B. DHAMGAYE

MBA IV Semester

Under the guidance

Prof. MAYUR TRIVEDI SIR


2/19

INTRODUCTION:

India is an Agriculture based country. Where in, seventy percent of the

population depends on Agriculture.

Rice is an important crop worldwide and over half of the world population

relies on it for food.

Plant Diseases are caused by Bacteria, Fungi, Virus and Other sources.

Disease can affect the yields through reduction of photosynthetic area in

early stages and late infestations around booting stage.

When pests and diseases affect the crops, there will be a tremendous

decrease in production.

In most of the cases pests or diseases are seen on the leaves or stems of theplant.

Sustainable farming of rice depends on many factors including effective

and timely pest management to protect the crop.


3/19

DISEASE SYMPTOMS

Discoloration :

EX: - Yellowing, browning, blackening, silvering and chlorosis.

These symptoms are usually more in shoots, buds, and fruits, less in stem and roots.

Spots and short holes:

Spots generally occur in leaves but sometimes also on stems, leaf sheath, petioles,

calyx and fruits. Scorch: Sometimes it misleads to toxic effects of foliar sprays of pesticides

resulting death of tissue.


4/19

FACTORS INFLUENCING DISEASE SYMPTOMS

Host parasite relation

The intensity of the disease depends upon the susceptibility /Resistance of the host to the pathogen.

Environmental factors

Can be grouped as Soil borne, Seed borne and Air borne. Soil borne

Soil pH, Structure, Texture Moisture, Organic matter,fertility, cultural operations, Irrigation.

Seed borneSeed Moisture, storage environment.

Air borne

Temperature and Rainfall Wind.


5/19

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

To understand the causal organisms of various diseases in rice.

To have knowledge of the predisposition factors causing the diseases.

To understand the lifecycle of rice organisms.

To gain knowledge on management of rice diseases bas upon IDM concept.

To differentiate symptoms of diseases and nutrient deficiencies.

To internalize the corrective measures to be undertaken in nutrientdeficient soil.


6/19

DISEASES OF RICE

BLAST: Pyricularia grisea

LEAF BLAST NECK BLAST

Non Chemical Control:

(1) Avoid using high doses of nitrogenous manures/ fertilizers.

(2) Maintain rice fields free from weeds which give shelter to many pathogens

Chemical Control:

(1) Treat seeds with captan / thiram / Vitavax power @ 2g or

carbendazim @ 1.5g/kg seed.


7/19

BROWN SPOT: Bipolaris oryzae


(1) Destroy crop residues and stubbles of previous crop.

(2) Avoid using high doses of nitrogenous manures/

fertilizers.

(3) Emphasis should be given on phosphorous availability

to rice crop because, the brown spot disease incidence ismore in P deficient soils.

Chemical Control:

(1) Treat seeds with captan / thiram / Vitavax power @ 2g

or carbendazim @ 1.5g/kg seed.(2) Spray the seedlings as well as transplanted crop with

mancozeb/copper oxychloride @ 1250g/ha or

carbendazim/ contaf @ 500g/ha.


8/19

BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT (BLB): Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae


(1)Apply potassic fertilizer in two split doses at

tillering and pre-flowering stages.

(2) Use fresh cow dung slurry @ 2kg/10 litres of water,

strain it in fine cloth and spray at an interval of 7-10

days 3-4 times for BLB control @ 500 litres/ha.

Chemical Control:

(1) Soak the seeds with a solution of plantomycin

10g/streptocyclin 1.5g and copper oxychloride 25g in

10 litres of water.

(2) Spray the affected crop with the same chemicals @

500 litres /ha at 7-10 days intervals 2-3 times on need

basis


9/19

FALSE SMUT: Ustilaginoidea virens


(1) Grow resistant/tolerant varieties viz., Bala, Cauveri,

Sabarmati, Prakash, Pankaj, Shakti, Vijaya, Mashuri.

(2) Destroy crop residues and weeds.

Chemical Control:

(1) Treat the seeds with thiram @ 3g or carbendazim @

1.5g or vitavax power @ 2 g/ kg seed before nursery

sowing.

(2) Spray at boot leaf stage twice at 7 days intervalwith copper oxychloride @ 1 kg/ha in 500 litres of

water.


10/19

UDBATTA DISEA SE: Ephelis oryzae


(1) Treat seeds for 10 minutes in hot water at 54oC

before sowing in nursery.

(2) Do not collect seeds from affected fields.

(3) Sun dryseeds during summer months for 5 days.(4) Sow seeds early to reduce incidence of the disease.

Chemical Control:

(1) Treat the seeds with benlate @ 2.5g or vitavax

power @ 2g/ kg.


11/19

WHITE TIP NEMATODE: Aphelenchoides besseyi


(1) Hot water treatment of seeds at 52oC for ten

minutes after pre soaking, for six hours kills the white

tip nematodes.

(2) Sun drying of seeds for six hours for consecutive

four days in April-May also kills white tip nematode

remaining in the seed.

(3) Keep the rice fields free from weeds.

Chemical Control:

As suggested in case of root knot nematode.


12/19

FEW METHOD USED FOR DISEASE & PEST CONTROL

PANCHAGAVYA

MATKA KHAD

MEDICINAL MATKA KHAD

BRAHMASTRA


13/19

Sl.No. Crop growth

stages

No.of

spraying

Remarks

1 Seedling stage 1 At 21 days after transplating

for controlling leaf

infections.2 Tillering stage 2 or 3 At 23 and 35 days after

transplating for early

varieties and 25,35 and 45

days after transplating for

late varieties to control

disease in leaves.3 Earhead

emergence

2 First spraying before

flowering followed by

another spray 5 days later to

control neck infection.

Table 1: Spray schedule of fungicides to few diseases


14/19

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

Selection of sample size

Field visit from farmer

SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION

books, journals and agriculture magazines

internet


15/19

DATA ANALYSIS&INTERPRETATION

DISEASE KHARIF RABI

Blast Y Y

Bacterial Leaf Blight Y N

Leaf Blight Y Y

Brown Spot Y Y

Bacterial Leaf Streak Y N

Narrow Brown Spot Y N

Red Strip Y Y

Sheath Blight Y Y

Diseases appearance in the rice field in different seasons in the year

Analysis:

From the table above it is seen that the rice crop suffers mainly in Rabi Seasons,

and Kharif seasons also affects from the diesease.

Interpretation:

From the table, it can be interpretated that the rice crop mainly suffers in Kharif

Seasons.


16/19

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

HMT 1010 1001 JAY SRHI RAM

BLAST

BROWN SPOT

SHEAT ROT

2- Diseases in different Rice variety.

Analysis:From the graph it can be interpretated that the HMT variety of rice suffers mostly from Blast

disease, Where as 1010 variety of rice suffers mostly from Brown Spot disease, and 1001variety of rice suffers from Blast disease and Jay Shri Ram variety of rice suffers from

Sheath Rot disease.

Interpretation:From the graph it can be shown that the Rice mostly suffer from Blast disease


17/19

Diseases Stages

Sowing Transplanting Flowering Maturity Harvesting

Blast N N N Y Y

Bacterial Blight N N Y Y Y

Leaf Blight N N Y Y Y

Brown Spot N Y Y Y Y

Bacterial Leaf Streak N N Y Y Y

Narrow Brown Spot N N Y Y Y

Red Strip N N Y Y Y

Analysis: From the table above it is seen that the rice crop suffers from disease in

Sowing, Transplanting, Flowering, Maturity and Maturity Stages.

Interpretation:

From the table, it can be interpretated that the rice crop mainly suffers in

Flowering, Maturity and Harvesting Stages.

3- Diseases in different stages of Rice


18/19

CONCLUSION

Blast is the measure disease to affect the rice crorp.

The disease is more severe in kharifseason. Primary infection is through

soil borne inoculums.

Blast it occurs during both kharifand rabiseason.

Land preparation and method of planting were the only contributing

factors of BLB infection, however, taken jointly the six (6) variables form a

very significant set of predictors for BLB of rice.

The rice pest and disease occurrence and damage on rice crop seasonally

differed.

Red stripe and leaf folder became serious in Kharif season, while thrips,

sheath blight and bacterial blight in Rabi and Kharif seasons.

SUGGESTIONS


19/19

SUGGESTIONS

The farmers should use SHREE PADDHATI for growing rice. As it increases the yield

of the crops.

The farmers should change the variety of rice crop every two years .

Farmers should less use organic manure as it decreases the quality of soil and make it unfit

for growing crops.

Farmers should approach experts to seek their advice regarding the treatment of incidence

of pest and diseases to their crops and suggestions for control.

The farmers should timely call to the Kisaan Call Centre regarding their problems if any.

They should timely visit to the Krushi Kendra and also visit to the R&D Officer regarding

any of the problems.

.The farmers should see the programmes specially run for farmers by the Government like

AMCHI MATI AMCHI MANASA at SAHYADRI channel.

A Study of Integrated Disease Management in [Autosaved] Pppp

Documents

Transcript of A Study of Integrated Disease Management in [Autosaved] Pppp