A SPECIFIC CHECK LIST OF THE BIRDS OF GREECE.

1957 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE 43

A SPECIFIC CHECK LIST OF THE BIRDS OF GREECE.

By ANTHONY LAMBERT. Received on 15 April 1956.

This list records aU species known to occur in Greece, including rare vagrants and accidentals. It has been drawn up in collaboration with Major B. Ericsson Flach, Royal Swedish Air Force, President of the Stockholm Section of the Ornithological Union of Sweden, who has examined the literature, and who travelled widely with me in Greece in 1953, 1954 and 1955.

For personal knowledge of the landscape and the bird life of the country, I am above all indebted to my Chief, H.E. Sir Charles Peake, K.C.M.G., M.C., who has given me leave to travel, whenever the public service per- mitted, during three years’ service at H.M. Embassy at Athens. Thanks to his encouragement, it has been possible to visit a wide variety of terrain, at all seasons of the year, and in all parts of Greece, both continental and insular. I have also had the benefit of numerous independent observations by friends and colleagues. I have been guided by Mr. R. E. Moreau and Mr. P. A. D. Hollom in the form and presentation of these notes. For the bibliography and for much valuable information I have to thank Dr. H. Hajisarandos, Professor at the University of Athens and Mr. H. J. R. Pease.

The only modern list of this kind (Hajisarandos & Kanellis 1947-48) is in Greek and is not readily obtainable. It has seemed to me, therefore, that there is need of a compact guide in English for the use of amateurs living or travelling in Greece. With this in mind, the present list has been designed to provide, as it were, a companion to the ‘ Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe ’, in as small a compass as possible, and using the binomial system. It is hoped also that it may serve as a starting point for the preparation of a check list in the usual trinomial form. The list of references, though not exhaustive, includes all studies of the ornithology of Greece which are of importance to those intending to undertake a more detailed enquiry into the subject. It has not proved easy to obtain accurate information on the distribution and relative abundance of species within the country, and our assessments rest partly on the published literature, and partly on our own observation. A great deal more work will need to be done before it is possible for a check list in the usual trinomial form to be prepared.

Only one species mentioned in the list itself-GIareola nordmnni-is hither- to unrecorded for Greece. Its inclusion rests on our personal observation of

44 ANTHONY LAMBJBT : BIRDS OF G~WECE IBIS 99

it on several occasions inthe delta of the river Evros (Thrace) in early May 1955. Of the rare vagrants five are here recorded, we believe, for the first time, viz.:-Xenus cinerea, Old Corinth, 5 April 1954; Phulmqpus lobatus, R. Strymon, 25 May 1955; Cyanosylvzu mecica, Agrinion, 8 April 1954; Turdus rufkollis, Naoussa, 4 March 1956; Emberaka aureola, L. A r b , 15 January 1956. The first three of these were observed by Major Flach, the last two by my colleague Mr. M. Hodge, U.S. Consul at Salonika.

I follow the Wetmore order of classification, and the definitions of status used in the ‘ Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe ’. In assessing the relative abundance of each species, I employ the terms abundant, common, widespread, fairly common or not uncommon, local, scarce, rare-

very rare, and irregular. The term “local” is applied either to species which are confined to one small part of the country (e.g. Fako eleonorae or Phasianils colchim) or to species which are distributed over a wide area but unevenly (e.g. Corms monedula or Parus luphis). “ Irregular ” is used of migrants which do not occur every year (e.g. Colymbus arcticus or Cygms

The occurrence and the relative abundance of many species vary con- I attempt to reflect

9Wl-9.

siderably between the north, the centre and the south.


this phenomenon by dividing the country into three regions. These are shown on the accompanying sketch map, and are referred to in the list by the initials N, C and S respectively. The dividing lines a-a and b-b are determined by a synthesis of climatic, botanical and zoological factors, and of the observed distribution of a number of avian species or subspecies. They do not, however, take account of differences in weather between one year and another. Thus, for example, in the case of species which spend the winter in Greece, the line a-a may in severe conditions, such as I have experienced twice during my stay here, shift to the south, especially on the east side of the country. Rather than complicate the map by additional lines, I cover these variations by the use of the term " irregular " in referring to winter visitors which do not occur every year in the central region (e.g. Anser albifrm or Fringilla montifringilla>.

In recording the dates of arrival and departure of migrants I give the earliest and latest dates at which they are likely to be observed, rather than the periods during which the main movements take place. As Greece is a small country, the time lag between the north and the south is not very great -perhaps about a fortnight in most cases. I have not found it possible to cover adequately in these notes an important aspect of the bird life of the country, namely the annual movement of so-called resident species or partial migrants, notably from higher to lower altitudes and back again. For example Regulus ignicapillus breeds generally in coniferous forest, above 3000 feet or so, and is commonly found in winter in Mediterranean evergreen forest, often along the sea shore. I have found Alectoris graeca sharing the same winter habitat, and breeding at the upper tree limit. In most cases, the peak periods for these internal migrations are from late March to early May and from mid-September to late October. It seems to me, however, that this subject requires further study.

Greece is so mountainous a country, and so deeply indented by the sea, that the pattern of the landscape, the local climates, and the avian habitats is intricate. Brief descriptions are here given of what I consider to be the main habitat divisions of the country. These are numbered one to ten, and corresponding numbers after the species recorded in the list indicate those habitats in which they are most commonly to be found.

(1). Built-up areas. Public parks and gardens in Athens and provincial towns are of interest in winter and at migration time. Villages are usually small and compact, and vary in character with the altitude and the relative fertility of the surrounding country. They are found from sea level to about 5000 feet.

(2). Olive groves and vineyards. These are found wherever true Medi- terranean conditions prevail. Olives flourish from sea level to about 2000 feet, vines to about 4000. Olive groves may be either planted with cereals or vines, or grazed. Grapes are generally grown on short stock, but a few

46 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF CReEcE IBIS 99

varides are occasionally trellised. Both olives and vines are often planted on land redaimed from Mediterranean evergreen forest. There are good examples between Athens and Sounion, and between Delphi and Amphissa.

(3). hhnd meas of intenszwe mltivution. The fertility of these areas depends upon deposits of silt and the presence of water. There are good examples along the northern and western coastal plains of the Peloponnese, along the north coast of Crete, and in the main river valleys. Small patches may be found up and down the country. Cultivation is by small-holdings, the cultivators usually l i h g on their land. The main crops are citrus and other fruits, vegetables, olives and vines. The natural habitat with which this type of cultivation is most closely associated is the oleander maquis of the river beds.

The plains of Macedonia and of Thessaly are the most important, but there are good examples in Boeotia, Arcadia and the Argolid. Smaller tracts of arable or grazing land lie scattered over the country, from sea level to about 3000 feet. A good specimen near Athens is the Mesogeia (midlands) of Attica. The main crops are cereals, cotton, and tobacco. Vines, olives, potatoes, melons and mulberries are also grown. There is little good grassland, and the natural plant life in most parts of the country is spanw.

(4). Pkim.

The cultivators live, as a rule, not on their land, but in villages. (5). Forests. Forests are of three main types, (a) Mediterranean evergreen forest, formed chieflyof Stone and Aleppo

Pines, and evergreen oaks, mostly Holm and Valona. This type is found mainly in the centre and south (the Mediterranean climatic region) and must once have been much more widespread than it is to-day. There are many good examples near Athens, at Xylocastro on the Gulf of Corinth, and on the island of Spetsai. Lowland woods of this type, especially if there is undergrowth, are of interest in winter and during migration time.

(b) Deciduous forest, formed chiefly of deciduous oaks, Ash, Hornbeam, Spanish Chestnut and Beech. This type of woodland is only found at low altitudes where the climate is not purely Mediterranean, and in the centre and south occurs above type (a). There are woods of Chestnut on Mt. Dhirphis (Euboea), woods of Beech on Mt. Pelion, and a typical zone of oaks near Megalopolis. They are best seen in spring.

(c) Coniferous forest, formed mainly of Greek and White Firs, and Black Pine. This type occurs on a l l the main ranges, generally above 2000 feet. There are good examples on Parnassos, Killini and MainaIon, all easily accessible. They are best seen in summer.

(6). Brushwood cotnmunities. Scrub vegetation covers more than half the Some is of natural growth, but the greater part covers areas which country.

must once have been forest. Four main types are here distinguished.

ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE 47

Maquis, formed mainly of evergreen shrubs, with occasional trees. There are examples on the Parnes range near Athens. Pseudo-maquis, a mixed community, with usually one dominant species, e.g. Kermes Oak. This type is very widespread in the north. Phrygana, asparse andlow-growingcommunityofwoodyandoftenaro- matic shrubs. It is very widespread in Attica and the Aegean Islands. Shiblyak, a deciduous brushwood of the Central European type. It occurs at high altitudes in the centre and south, and in the lowlands of Macedonia and Thrace.

(7). Areas aboae the tree limit. A relatively small area of the country lies above the tree limit. In the south the peaks are generally bare, but in the centre and north there are areas of high mountain meadowland, which provide good summer pasture. There are good and relatively accessible examples of this terrain on Parnassos and Killini.

These include narrow runnels and burns, torrents enclosed in rocky gorges and ravines, rivers (either perennial or seasonal), broad valleys with deposits of silt and gravel and a growth of oleander maquis, and lastly rocky shores. A good specimen of a broad river valley is the Alpheus at Olympia. The avifauna is composite, and includes species frequenting streams, scrub, trees and rocky gorges or cliffs.

(9). Lagoons, lakes and marshes. This type of habitat is dwindling fast, through drainage in the interests of agriculture. Good examples are still to be found near Mesolonghi and Port0 Lagos (Thrace). Typical lakes are those of Stymphalos and Dhistos (Euboea), shallow, reed-grown and drained only by underground channels. The artificial lake of Marathon is also of interest in winter. There is a small specimen of marsh near the port of Oropos, and a bigger area near Lamia.

(10). The Sea. The Aegean and Ionian Seas are highly saline, warm, and nearly tideless. Their main interest lies in a few species having a very limited distribution, e.g. Larus audouinii and Procellaria diomedea. The Saronic Gulf is quite a good observation point, and the traveller can see pelagic species almost anywhere on his journeyings to and from the islands. The Thermaic and Ambracian Gulfs are also of interest.

(8). Watercourses.

There are examples all over Greece.

CHECK LIST. COLYMBUS ARCTICUS. Black-throated Diver.

COLYMBUS STELLATUS. Red-throated Diver.

PODICEPS CRISTATUS. Great Crested Grebe.

Winter visitor. N, C. Very rare and irregular. (10).

Winter visitor. N, C. Very rare and irregular. (10).

Partial migrant. Breeds N, probably C. Common winter visitor, N, C, mid-November to mid-April. (9, 10).

48 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE IBIS 99

PODICBPS CASPICUS. Black-necked Grebe. Partial migrant. Scarce breeding species N, C. Common winter

visitor, N, C, late October to early April. (9). PODICEFS RUFICOLLIS. Little Grebe.

visitor, N, C, S, October to April. (9).

Status uncertain. May breed C, S (Aegean). Scarce. (10).

Resident. Common N, C, fairly common S. (10).

Resident. Common. N, C, S. (10).

Partial migrant. Breeds N, Common winter visitor, N, C, November

Partial migrant. Scarce breeding species N, C, S. Common winter

HYDROBATES PBLAGICUS. Storm Petrel.

PROCELLARIA PUFFINUS. Manx Shearwater.

PROCELLARIA DIOMEDEA. Cory 's Shearwater.

PHALACROCORAX CARBO. COlTllOrant.

to May. (9, 10). €'HALACROCORAX ARISTOTELIS. Shag.

Resident. N, C, S. Fairly common. (10).

Winter visitor. Mid-August to mid-June. N, C. Fairly common. PHALACROCORAX PYGMABUS. Pygmy CO~Orant.

May breed N. (9, 10). PELECANUS ONOCROTALUS. White Pelican.

Winter visitor. Mid-November to mid-May. N. Fairly common. (9, 10).

PELECANTJS CRISPUS. Dalmatian Pelican.

ARDEA CINEREA. Heron. Partial migrant. Breeds N, possibly C. Fairly common. (9, 10).

Partial migrant. Probably breeds and winters N, C, S. Common. (8, 9).

ARDEA PTJRPUREA. Purple Heron. Summer visitor. End of March to September. N. Widespread.

Passage migrant C, S. (8, 9). EGRE~A GARZFITA. Little Egret.

Summer visitor. Late March to December. N. Common. Passage migrant N, C, S, abundant. (9).

EGR~TA ALBA. Great White Heron. Winter visitor. November to March. N, C. Scarce. Some non-

breeding birds N in summer. (9). ARDEOLA RALLOIDES. Squacco Heron.

Passage migrant. April/May and mid-August/early September. N, C, S. Fairly common. (9).

NYCTICORAX NYCTICORAX. Night Heron. Passage migrant. April/May and mid-August/October. N, C, S.

Scarce. (9).

1957 ANTHONY LAMJ3ERT : BIRDS OF GREECE 49

IXOBRYCHUS MINUTUS. Little Bittern.

BOTAURUS STELLARIS. Bittern.

CICONIA CICONIA. White Stork

Partial migrant. N, C. Not uncommon. (9).

Winter visitor (may breed). N, C. Scarce. (9).

Summer visitor. End of March to end of August. Abundant N, widespread northern fringe of C. (1).

CICON~A NIGRA. Black Stork,

PLATALEA LEUCORODIA. Spoonbill. Passage migrant (may breed). N. Rare. (4, 5b, 9).

Passage migrant. ApdJMay and Augustfseptember. N. Scarce. May winter irregularly. (9).

PLEGADIS FALCINELLUS. Glossy Ibis. Passage migrant. AprilJMay and September/October. N, C, S.

Common. May breed and winter irregularly N. (9). ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS. Mallard.

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Common. Migration takes place September/October and March/April. (9).

ANAS CRECCA. Teal.

ANAS QUERQUEDULA. Garganey. Winter visitor. December to May. N, C, perhaps S. Common. (9).

Partial migrant. Breeds S, perhaps C, N. Winter visitor. N, C, S.

ANAS STREPERA. Gadwall. Partial migrant. Probably fairly common breeding species N, scarce

Fairly common. (9).

winter visitor C, S. (9). ANAS PENELOPE. Wigeon.

Winter visitor. September to early May. N, C, S. Common. (9).

Winter visitor. Late September to early May. N, C. Mainly ANAS ACUTA. Pintail.

passage migrant S. Common. (9). SPATULA CLYPEATA. Shoveler.

Winter visitor. December to early April. N, C. Mainly passage migrant S. Common. (9).

Winter visitor. December to March. Fairly common N, C, scarce S NETTA RUFINA. Red-crested Pochard.

(none Crete). May breed N, C. (9). AYTHYA FULICULA. Tufted Duck.

Winter visitor. December to early April. Common N, C, scarce s. (9).

N, c, s. (9).

AYTHYA FERINA. Pochard. Partial migrant. Scarce breeding species and common winter vkitor

VOL. 99 E

50 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OP GREECE IBIS 99

AYTHYA NYROCA. Ferruginous Duck. Partial migrant. Fairy common breeding species N, C, scarce S.

Common winter visitor N, C, S. (9). BUCEPHALA CLANGULA. Goldeneye.

Winter visitor. December to March. N, C, S. Not uncommon. (9)-

(9, 10).

-GUS SERRATOR. Red-breasted Merganser. Winter visitor. November to early April. N, C. Fairly common.

MERGUS MERGANSER. Goosander.

MERGUS ALBELLUS. Smew.

TADORNA TADORNA. Shelduck.

March/June and October. (9, 10).

Winter.visitor. December to March. N, C. Rare. (9, 10).

Winter visitor. January to March. Not uncommoh N, irregular C. (9).

Partial migrant. Breeds and winters N. Common on passage N,

CASARCA FERRUGINEA. Ruddy Shelduck.

ANsw ANSER. Grey Lag Goose. Summer visitor. Dates uncertain. N. Scarce. (9, 10).

Partial migrant, Breeds N. Common winter visitor N, irregular c, s. (4, 9).

ANSER ALBIFRONS. White-fronted Goose.

ANSER ERYTHROPUS. Lesser White-fronted Goose. Winter visitor. December to March. Common N, irregular C. (4,9).

Winter visitor. December to March. Not unmmmon N, irregular C. (49 9).

c. (4, 9).

ANSER A R ~ S I S . Bean Goose. Winter visitor. December to March. Not uncommon N, irregular

CYGNUS OLOR. Mute Swan.

CYGNUS CYGNUS. Whooper Swan.

NEOPHRON PRRCNOPTWUS. Egyptian Vulture.

GYPS PULWS. Griffon Vulture.

AEGYPIUS MONACHUS. Black Vulture.

GYPAETUS BARBATUS. Bearded Vulture.

AQUILA CRYSAOS. Golden Eagle.

Winter visitor. January to May. Not uncommon N. May breed. (9).

Winter visitor. January to March. N, C. Rare and irregular. (9).

Partial migrant. Widespread. N, C, S. (1,4-8).

Resident. N, C, S. Widespread. (5-7).

Resident. Scarce N, C, rare S. (5-7).

Resident. N, C, S. Widespread. (5-8).

Resident. Widespread. N, C, S. (5-8).

: 1957 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE 51

AQUILA IIELIACA. Imperial Eagle. Partial migrant. N. Fairly common. (4, 5b).

AQUILA (:I-ANGA. Spotted Eagle. Winter visitor. Dates uncertain. N. Rare. (4, 5b).

AQUILA POMARINA. Lesser Spotted Eagle. Summer visitor. Rare N, probably extinct C. (4-6).

HIEIU~TUS FASCIATUS. Bonelli’s Eagle. Resident. Rare N, widespread C, S. (5-7).

HIERA~TUS PENNATUS. Booted Eagle. Resident. N. Rare. (5).

BUTEO BUTEO. Buzzard. Partial migrant.

(5, 6, 8). BUTEO LAGOPUS. Rough-legged Buzzard.

BUTEO RUFINUS. Long-legged Buzzard.

ACCIPITER NISUS. Sparrow Hawk.

Widespread breeding species and common winter visitor N, C, S.

Winter visitor. December, January. N. Very rare. (4).

Partial migrant. Scarce N, perhaps not uncommon C, S. (4-6).

Partial migrant. Widespread breeding species N, C. Common winter visitor N, C, S. (2-6).

ACCIPITEK BREVIPES. Levant Sparrow Hawk.

ACCIPITER GENTILIS. Goshawk.

MILWS MILVUS. Kite.

Summer visitor. May to September. N, C. Scarce. (2-6).

Resident. Widespread N, C. (5, 6).

Winter visitor. October to March. N, C. Not uncommon. May breed N. (4, 5b).

MILVUS MIGRANS. Black Kite. Partial migrant. Breeds locally N, fairly common winter visitor N, C.

(1, 4, 5b). HALXA~TUS ALBICILLA. White-tailed Eagle.

PERNIS APIVORUS. Honey Buzzard. Resident. N. Scarce. (4, 9, 10).

Summer visitor. Early May to early September. N, C, S. Rare. Not uncommon on passage. (4, 5a and b).

CIRCUS AERUGINOSUS. Marsh Harrier.

CIRCUS CYANEUS. Hen Harrier.

common. May breed N. (4, 9).

. Partial migrant. Breeds N, C. Winters N, C, S. Widespread. (9).

Winter visitor, October to April, and passage migrant. C, S. Fairly

CIRCUS MACROURUS. Pallid Harrier. Winter visitor, October to April, and passage migrant. N, C, S.

Scarce. (4, 9). E 2

52 ANTHONY LAMBWT : BIRDS OF GREECE IBIS 99

CIRCUS PYGARGUS. Montagu’s Harrier. Passage migrant. April/May, autumn dates lacking. N, C, S. Rare.

(4, 9). C m k GALLICUS. Short-toed Eagle.

passage, middle of March and September. N, C. (4, 5 ,8 , 9). Summer visitor. Scarce breeding species, not uncommon on

PANDION H A L I ~ S . Osprey. Winter visitor. Probably January to April. N, C. Passage migrant

N, C, S. Scarce. (9, 10). FALCO SUBBUTW). Hobby.

FALCO PBREMRINUS. Peregrine.

FALCO BIARMICUS. Lanner Falcon.

FALCO RLEONORAE. Eleonora’s Falcon.

FALCO COLUMBARIUS. Merlin.

FALCO VESPERTINUS. Red-footed Falcon.

Summer visitor. April to September. N, C. Fairly common. (4,s).

Partial migrant. Widespread. N, C, S. (5, 6, 8).

Mainly resident. N, C. Scarce. (5,6,8 androclcyshores).

P d m i g r a n t . Local. S(Aegean). Seacliffs.

Winter visitor. End of October to early March. N, C, S. Rare. (4, 6).

Passage migrant. Late April/mid-May and end of Septunber/e.nd of October. N, C, S. Scarce. (4, 6).

FALCO NAUMANNI. Lesser Kestrel. Summer visitor. Late March to September. N, C, S. Abundant

but local. (1, 4). FALCO TINNUNCULUS. Keatrel.

ALSCTORIS GRAECA. Rock Partridge.

PgRDnr PERDIX. Partridge.

COTURNIX COTURNIX. Quail.

Partial migrant. Widespread. N, C, S. (4, 5, 6, 8).

Resident. Common. N, C, S. @a, 6,7).

Resident. N. Very rare. (4).

Partial migrant. Local breeding spedes N, C, rare S (none Crete). Chmmm on passage M d / A p r i l and mid-August/Septemk. Cummoncr autumn than spring. Winters C. (4, 6).

PHASLANUS COLCHICUS. Pheasant.

MEGALORNIS GRUS. Crane. Resident. N (Macedonia). Rare and local. (5b).

Passagemigrant. End of February/mid-March and October. N, C, S. Fairly common. (4, 9).

RALLUS AQUATICUS. Water Rail. Partial mi-. Probabiy breeds N, C, and winters N, C, S. Abund-

ance uncertain. (9).

1957 ANTHONY LAMBWT : BIRDS OF GREECE 53

PORZANA PORZANA. Spotted Crake. Passage migrant. Mid-March/mid-April and September. N, C, S.

May breed N. Abundance uncertain. (9). PORZANA PUSILLA. Baillon’s Crake.

PORZANA PARVA. Little Crake. Passage migrant. Very rare N, C, perhaps irregular S. (9).

Passage migrant. April, no autumn dates. N, C, S. Abundance uncertain. (9).

CREX CREX. Corncrake. Passage migrant. April and mid-September/end of October. N, C, S.

Rare. Breeds locally N. (9).

Partial migrant.

FULICA ATRA. Coot.

winter visitor N, C, S.

GALLINULA CHLOROPUS. Moorhen.

passage and in winter. N, C, S. (8, 9). Widespread breeding species, fairly common on

Partial migrant. Widespread breeding species. N, C. A b u n b (8, 9).

OTIS TARDA. Great Bustard.

OTIS TEIIUX. Little Bustard. Winter visitor. Dates uncertain. N. Very rare. (4).

Partial migrant. Rare breeding species, fairly common winter visitor. N. (4).

HAEMATOPUS OSTRALEGUS. Oystercatcher. Partial migrant. Breeds and winters locally N. Passage migrant

N, C, S. Scarce. (9). HOPLOPTERUS SPINOSUS. Spur-winged Plover.

Probably summer visitor. Dates uncertain. Rare and local N (Thrace). (9).

VANELLUS VANELLUS. Lapwing.

(4, 9). Winter visitor. Mid-October to early April. N, C, S. Common.

Scarce breeding species N. CHARADRIUS HIATICULA. Ringed Plover.

Passage migrant. April/May and September/October. N, C, S. Rare. (9).

CHARADRIUS DUBIUS. Little Ringed Plover. Summer visitor. April to October. N, C. Common. Passage

migrant S. (8, 9). CHARADRIUS ALEXANDRINUS. Kentish Plover.

CHARADRIUS SQUATAROLA. Grey Plover. Mainly resident. N, C. Common. Winter visitor S. (9).

Winter visitor and passage migrant. November to May. N, C, S. Scarce, commoner spring than autumn. (9).

54 ANTHONY LAMBFXT : BIRDS OF GREECE IBIS 99

CHARADRIUS APRICARIUS. Golden Plover. Winter visitor and passage migrant. N, C, probably S. Dates

uncertain. Fairly common. (4, 9). C-RIUS MORINELLUS. Dotterel.

Winter visitor and passage migrant. Perhaps October to March. N, C, S. Rare. (4, 9).

ARgnARu INTERPRIB. Turnstone. Passage migrant. April/May and September/October. N, C, S.

M a y winter C. S. Rare. (9). CAPELLA GALLINAGO. SNpe.

Winter visitor. September to April. N, C, S. Common. (9).

Passage migrant. March/April and October. N, C. Rare. (9).

Winter visitor and passage migrant.

CAPELLA MEDIA. Great Snipe.

LYMNOCRYPTES MINIMUS. Jack Snipe. November to March. N, C, S.

Fairly common. (9). SCOLOPAX RUSTICOLA. Woodcock.

NUMENIUS ARQUATA. Curlew. Winter visitor. October to March. N, C, S. Common. (2,3, Sa, 6).

Partial migrant. Breeds N. (Thrace). Widespread winter visitor N, C, S. Some non-breeding birds summer N, C. (9).

NUMENIUS PWOPUS. Whimbrel. Passage migrant. April and September. N, C, S. Very rare.

Irregular winter visitor. (9). NUMENIUS TENUIROSTRIS. Slender-billed Curlew.

LIMOSA LIMOSA. Black-tailed Godwit. Passage migrant. March/May and September. N, C. Very rare. (9).

Winter visitor. End of September to March. N, C. Passage migrant S. Rare. (9).

LIMOSA LAPPONICA. Bar-tailed Godwit.

TRINGA OCHROPUS. Green Sandpiper. Winter visitor. November to early May. N, C. Irregular. (9).

Winter visitor. August to April. N, C. Passage migrant S. Wide- spread. Some birds summer. (8, 9).

TRINGA CLAREOLA. Wood Sandpiper. Passage migrant. August/September and April/May. N, C, S.

Common. (8, 9). TRXNGA HYPOLEUCOS. Common Sandpiper.

Partial migrant. Breeds N, C, March to October, and winters. Passage migrant S. Common. (8, 9).

TRINGA TOTANUS. Redshank. Partial migrant. Breeds N. Winter visitor N, C, S, October to May.

Fairly common. (9).

1957 ANTHONY LAhfBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE 55

TRINGA ERYTHROPUS. Spotted Redshank. Passage migrant. MarchiMay and mid-August/mid-October. N, C,

S. Rare. (9). TRINGA NEBULARIS. Greenshank.

Passage migrant. End of March/mid-May and September. Winter visitor. N, C, S. Rare. (9).

TRINGA STAGNATILIS. Marsh Sandpiper. Passage migrant. April/May and October/November. N, C, S.

Rare. (9). CALIDRIS MINUTA. Little Stint.

Passage migrant. April/May and August/September. N, C, S. Not uncommon. Some birds summer. (9).

CALIDRIS TEMMINCKII. Temminck's Stint.

CALIDRIS ALPINA. Dunlin. Passage migrant. September and May/June. N, C, S. Common. (9).

Winter visitor. August to May. N, C. Passage migrant S. Com- mon. (9).

CALIDRIS TESTACEA. Curlew Sandpiper. Passage migrant. Maylearly June and September. N, C, S.

Common. (9). CROCETHIA ALBA. Sanderling.

Passage migrant, August and May, and winter visitor. N, C. Prob- ably irregular. (9).

LIMICOLA FALCINELLUS. Broad-billed Sandpiper.

PHILOMACHUS PUGNAX. Ruff. Winter visitor. Dates uncertain. N, C, S. Very rare. (9).

Passage migrant. March/May and August/September. N, C, S. Fairly common. May winter C, S. (9).

RECURVIROSTRA AVOSETTA. Avocet. Partial migrant. Fairly common breeding species N. Scarce winter

visitor N, C. (9). HIMANTOPUS HIMANTOPUS. Black-winged Stilt.

BURHINUS OEDICNEMUS. Stone Curlew. Summer visitor. N, C. Not uncommon. (9).

Partial migrant. Local breeding species N, C, S. April to Sep- tember. (4, 6, 9).

GLAREOLA PRATINCOLA. Pratincole.

GLAREOLA NORDMANNI. Black-winged Pratincole.

LARUS FUSCUS. Lesser Black-backed Gull.

Summer visitor. Mid-April to September. N. Widespread. (9).

Probably passage migrant. May (full data lacking). N. (9).

Winter visitor. Dates uncertain. N, C, S. Non-breeding birds may summer. Scarce. (10).


h u s ARGKNTATUS. Herring Gull.

LARUS CANUS. Common Gull.

LARUS A m m r r . Audouin’s Gull.

LARUS GENEI. Slender-billed Gull.

Probably resident. N, C, S. Common. (10).

Winter visitor. November to April. Chnmon N, C, w c e S. (10).

Resident. N, C. Local and scarce. (10).

Winter visitor. October to early April. N, C (Aegm). Not uncommon. (10).

LARUS MELANOCEPHALUS. Mediterranean Gull.

LARUS MINUTUS. Little Gull.

LARUS RXDIBUNDUS. Black-headed Gull.

RISSA TRIDACTYLA. Kittiwake.

Partial migrant. N, C. Fairly common. (9, 10).

Winter visitor. October to April. N, C. Fairly common. (9, 10).

Winter visitor. August to June. N, C, S. Common. (9, 10).

Winter visitor. Dates uncertain. N, C. Very rare and irregular. (10)-

CHLIDONIAS NIGER. Black Tern. Passage migrant. April/June and late August/September. Common

N, not uncommon C, S. (9, 10). CHLIDONIAS LEUCOPTERUS. White-winged Black Tern.

Passage migrant. April/June and late August/September. Not uncommon N, scarce C, S. (9, 10).

CHLIDONIAS HYBRIDA. Whiskered Tern.

GBLOCHHLIWN NILOTICA. Gull-billed Tern. Passage migrant. May and August. N. Rare and irregular. (9).

Summer visitor. April (autumn records lacking), and passage migrant. N, C. Scarce. (9, 10).

HYDROPROGNE CASPIA. Caspian Tern.

STERNA HIRUNDO. Common Tern.

STERNA ALBIFRONS. Little Tern.

Passage migrant. September and early May. N, C. Scarce. (9,lO).

Summer visitor. April to September. N, C. Common. (9, 10).

Summer visitor. Mid-April to September. Abundant N, fairly common C. (9, 10).

STERNA SANDVICWSIS. Sandwich Tern.

COLUMBA OENAS. Stock Dove. Summer visitor. April to October. N. May winter. Local. (9,lO).

Partial migrant. Bre& locally N. Paseage m i p t and winter visitor N, C, S. (5b).

COLWMBA LIVIA. Rock Dove. Resident. Widemread N, C, common s. (5-8).


COLUMBA PALUMBUS. Ring Dove. Partial migrant. Breeds locally, fairly common winter visitor.

N, C, S. (5). STREPTOPELIA TURTUR. Turtle Dove.

Summer visitor. April to September. Widespread N, C, local S. Common on passage. (2-5).

STREPTOPELIA DECAOCTO. Collared Turtle Dove.

CUCULUS CANORUS. Cuckoo.

CLAMATOR GLANDARIUS. Great Spotted Cuckoo.

TYTO ALBA. Barn Owl.

Resident. Abundant N, scarce C. Rare S. (1).

Summer visitor. April/September. WidespreadN, C, possibly S. (2-6).

Passage migrant. Dates uncertain. N. Very rare. (2-5).

Resident. Data lacking. N, C. Probably scarce. (14).

Partial migrant. Common breeding species N, C, S. Late February OTUS SCOPS. SCOpS owl.

to October. Rare winter visitor S, irregular N, C. (1, 2, 3, 5a).

Resident. Scarce N, rare C, very rare S. (5, 8).

Resident. Abundant N, C, possibly S (not Crete). (1-5).

Resident. N, C. Local. (5).

Partial migrant. Scarce breeding species N. Winter visitor and

BUBO BUBO. Eagle Owl.

ATHENE NOCTUA. Little Owl.

STRIX ALUCO. Tawny Owl.

As10 OTUS. Long-eared Owl.

passage migrant C, S. (5). As10 FLAMMEUS. Short-eared Owl.

Winter visitor. November to March. N, C. Passage migrant N, C, S. Not uncommon. (5). AEGOLIUS FUNEREUS. Tengmalm's Owl.

CAPRIMULGUS EUROPAEUS. Nightjar. Status and abundance uncertain. Occurs N, C. (5c).

Summer visitor, April to October, and passage migrant. N, C, S. Widespread. (2-5, 9).

Apus APUS. Swift.

h u S PALLIDUS. Pallid swift.

Apus MELBA. Alpine Swift.

ALCEDO ATTHIS. Kingfisher.

Common winter visitor N, C, S. (8, 9).

Summer visitor. March to August. N, C, S. Common. (1, 8).

Summer visitor. April to August. C. Very rare. (1, 8).

Summer visitor. April to early October N, C, S. Common. (6,8).

Partial migrant. Not uncommon breeding species N, C, rare S.


MgRops A P ~ . Bee-eater. Summer visitor. Early April to October. Common N, scarce C,

rare S. (4, 6, 8). COIUC~AS GARRULUS. Roller.

Summer visitor. Mid-April to mid-September. Common N, scarce C, passage migrant S.

UPUPA mops. H o o p . (4).

Summer visitor. Late March to September. Scarce breeding species N, C. Common on passage N, C, S. (1-5a and b, 8).

PIWS VIRIDIS. Green Woodpecker. Resident. N, C. Rare. (5c).

DENDROCOPUS MAJOR. Great Spotted Woodpecker. Resident. N. Scarce. (5a and b).

DJZNDROCOPUS SYRIACUS. Syrian Woodpecker. Resident. Fairly common N, rare C. (5a and b).

DENDROCOPUS LEUCOTOS. White-backed Woodpecker. Resident. N. Rare. (5).

DENDROCOPUS MINOR. Lesser Spotted Woodpecker. Resident. N, C. Not uncommon. (5a and b).

DENDROCOPUS MEDIUS. Middle Spotted Woodpecker. Resident. N, C. Scarce. (5b).

PICOIDES TRIDACTYLUS. Three-toed Woodpecker. Resident. N. Abundance uncertain. (5c).

DRYOCOPUS MARTIUS. Black Woodpecker. Resident. N, C. Scarce and local. (5c).

JYNX TORQUILLA. Wryneck. Winter visitor, September to April, and passage migrant. N, C, S.

Scarce. (1, 5a and b). MELANOCORYPHA CALANDRA. Calandra Lark.

CALANDRELLA BRACHYDACTYLA. Short-toed Lark. Partial migrant. Abundant N, local C. (4, 9).

Summer visitor. Late March to October. N, C, S. Common, but local. (4).

GALERIDA CRISTATA. Crested Lark.

LULLULA ARBOW. Wood Lark.

ALAUDA ARVENSIS. Sky Lark.

Resident. N, C, S. Abundant. (1, 4, 6).

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Not uncommon. (4, 6, 7).

Partial migrant. Scarce breeding species. N, C. Common winter visitor, November to April, N, C, S. (4, 6).

EREMOPHILA ALPESTRIS. Shore Lark. Partial migrant. N, C. Scarce. (4, 7).


HIRUNDO RUSTICA. Swallow. Summer visitor. Mid-March to early November. Abundant N, C,

scarce S. ( 1 4 ) . HIRUNDO DAURICA. Red-rumped Swallow.

Summer visitor. March to October. Widespread N, C, rare S (none Crete). (5, 6, 8).

DELICHON URBICA. House Martin. Summer visitor. Late March to September. Abundant N, C,

scarce S. (1-4, 8). RIPARIA RIPARIA. Sand Martin.

Summer visitor. Late March to September. Local N, C, passage migrant S. (4, 8).

PTYONOPROGNE RUPESTRIS. Crag Martin.

ORIOLUS ORIOLUS. Golden Oriole. Partial migrant. N, C, S. Common but local. (5-9).

Summer visitor. April to September. N. Passage migrant N, C, S. Common. (2-5).

CORWS CORAX. Raven.

CORWS CORNIX. Hooded Crow.

CORVUS FRUGILEGUS. Rook.

October to late March. N. (4). CORWS MONEDULA. Jackdaw.

PICA PICA. Magpie.

NUCIFRAGA CARYOCATACTES. Nutcracker.

GARRULUS GLANDARIUS. Jay.

CORACIA PYRRHOCORAX. Chough.

CORACIA GRACULUS. Alpine Chough.

PARUS MAJOR. Great Tit.

PARUS CAERULEUS. Blue Tit.

Pmus ATER. Coal Tit.

Resident. N, C, S. Common. (1-9).

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Abundant. (1-9).

Partial migrant. Rare breeding species, common winter visitor, late

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Common but local. (1, 4).

Resident. Abundant N, C, common S. (1-9).

Resident. N (Thrace). Local. (5b and c).

Resident. N, C, S. Widespread. (5).

Resident. N, C, S. Local. (Sea cliffs).

Resident. N, C, S. Not uncommon. (7).

Resident. N, C, S. Common. (1-5, 8).

Resident. N, C, S. Fairly common. (1-5, 8).

Resident. N, C. Common. (5c).

60 ANTHONY LAMBERT: BIRDS OF ORECE IBIS 99

PARUS CRBTATUS. Crested Tit. Resident. N. Local. (5c).

PARUS LUGUBRIS. Sombre Tit. Resident. N, C, S . Local. (2, 5, 6).

PARUS PALUSTRIB. Marsh Tit. Status uncertain. Probably resident N. (5).

PARUS ATRICAPILLUS. Willow Tit. Resident. N, C. Rare. (5c).

AEGITHALOS CAUDATUS. Long-tailed Tit. Resident. N, C. Local. (Sa).

RHMIZ PENDULINUS. Penduline Tit. Resident. N, C. Widespread but scarce. (8, 9).

PANURUS BURMICUS. Bearded Tit. Status uncertain. Breeds N, probably winters C. Scarce. (9).

S ~ A EUROPAEA. Nuthatch. Resident. N, C. Fairly common. (5).

SITTA NEUMAYKR. ROC% Nuthatch. Resident. Abundant C, common N and S (not Crete). (2, 5-8).

CERTHIA FAMILIARIS. Tree Creeper. Resident. N, C. Local. (5).

CERTHIA BRACHYDACTYLA. Short-toed Tree Creeper. Resident. N, C. Widespread. (2-5).

TICHODROMA MURARIA. Wall Creeper. Resident. N, C. Rare. (7).

TROGLODYTES TROGLODYTES. Wren. Partial migrant. N, C, S. Common. (4-6, 8).

CINCLUS CINCLUS. Dipper. Resident. N, C. Widespread. (8).

TURDUS VISCIVORUS. Mistle Thrush. Partial migrant. N, C. Not uncommon. (1, 5).

TURDUS PILARIS. Fieldfare. Winter visitor. November to March. Common N, C, rare s. (4).

TURDUS W I C ~ O R U M . Song Thrush. Partial migrant. Breeds N. Winter visitor N, C, S, September to

March. Not uncommon. (1-5). TURDUS MUSICUS. Redwing.

Winter visitor. October to March. N, C. Not uncommon. (4, 5b).

Winter visitor (may breed). N. (5, 6).

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Common. (1-3, 5, 6, 8).

Probably partial migrant. Breeds N, C. Scarce. (SC, 6, 7).

TURDUS TORQUATUS. Ring OUzel.

TURDUS MERUU. Blackbird.

MONTICOLA SAM~ILIS. Rock Thrush.


MONTICOLA SOLITARIUS. Blue Rock Thrush.

OENANTHE OENANTHE. Wheatear. Mainly resident. Common S, widespread C, BcBrce N. (2, 6, 8).

Summer visitor. N, C, S. Mid-March to October. Abundant. (294, 6-81.

(2, 4, 6-8).

OENANTHE HISPANICA. Black-eared Wheatear. Summer visitor. Mid-March to October. N, C, S. Common.

SAXICOLA TORQUATA. Stonechat.

SAXICOLA RUBETRA. Whinchat. Partial migrant. N, C, S. Common. (6).

Partial migrant. Not unbmmon breeding species N, perhaps C. Common on passage April and Probably winters S and irregularly C.

October, N, C, S. PHOENICURUS PHOENICURUS. Redstart.

(4, 6).

Partial migrant. Scarce breeding species N, fairly common on passage March and September/October early October, N, C, S . (1-6, 8).

PHOENICURUS OCHRUROS. Black Redstart. Partial migrant. Widespread breeding species and common winter

visitor. N, C, S. (1-8). LUSCINIA MEGARHYNCHOS. Nightingale.

Summer visitor. Late March to September. N, C, S. Common. (1-3, 6, 8).

ERITHACUS RUBBCULA. Robin. Partial migrant. Common breeding species N, C. Abundant winter

visitor N, C, S. (1-3,5,6, 8). CETTIA CETTI. Cetti’s Warbler.

LOCUSTELLA FLWIATILIS. River Warbler. Resident. N, C, S. Common. (8, 9).

Summer visitor. Dates uncertain. N. Probably widespread. (2, 3, 5% 6, 8).

LOCUSTELLA LUSCINIOIDES. Savi’s Warbler.

LUSCINIOLA MELANOPOCON. Moustached Warbler.

ACROCEPHALUS ARUNDINACEUS. Great Reed Warbler.

ACROCEPHALUS SCIRPACEUS. Reed Warbler.

Summer visitor. Dates uncertain. N. Rare. (9).

Winter visitor. November to March. N, C. Scarce. (8, 9).

Summer visitor. April to August. N, C. Common. (9).

Summer visitor. Late March to September. N, C. Not uncommon. (9).

ACROCEPHALUS PALUSTRIS. Marsh Warbler. Summer visitor. Probably April to August. N, perhaps C. Abun-

dance uncertain. (2, 3, 9).

62 ANTHONY LAhlBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE IBIS 99

Partial migrant. Breeds N. Not uncommon on passage early May ACROCEPHALUS SCHOENOBAENUS. Sedge Warbler.

and mid-October, N. C. (9). HIPPOLAIS ICTERINA. Icterine Warbler.

Passage migrant. Late April/early May and late August/early September. N, C, S. Abundance uncertain, probably commoner autumn than spring. (14, 8).

HIPPOLAIS PALLIDA. Olivaceous Warbler. Summer visitor. Mid-April to mid-August. Abundant, N, C, local

S. (1-3, 5a, 6). HIPPOLAIS OLIVETORUM. Olive Tree Warbler.

Summer visitor. Early May to August. Common N, widespread C, S. (2, 5b, 6). SYLVIA ATRICAPILLA. Blackcap.

Partial migrant. Widespread breeding species N, C, common winter visitor and passage migrant N, C, S. (1-3, 5a and b).

SYLVIA NISORIA. Barred Warbler. Status uncertain. Probably summer visitor N, and passage migrant.

(5a and b, 6). SYLVIA HORTENSIS. Orphean Warbler.

Summer visitor. Early April to August. Widespread N, C, rare S. (1-3, 5a).

SYLVIA BORIN. Garden Warbler. Passage migrant. April and October. Scarce N, C, very rare S.

(1-3, 6). SYLVIA COMMUNIS. Whitethroat.

Summer visitor. April to October. Common N, C, not uncommon S. (1-3, 6, 8).

SYLVIA CURRUCA. Lesser Whitethroat.

Scarce N, C. May breed N. (1-3, 6, 8). SYLVIA RUPPELLI. Ruppell’s Warbler.

Passage migrant. Late March/April and September/October.

Summer visitor. Early April to September. Not uncommon N, C, common S. (6).

SYLVIA MELANOCEPHALA. Sardinian Warbler.

SYLVIA CANTILLANS. Subalpine Warbler. Resident. N, C, S. Abundant. (2, 3, 5a, 6-8).

Summer visitor. Late March to August. Not uncommon N, C, rare S. (5a, 6).

AGROBATES GALACTOTES. Brown-backed (Rufous) Warbler. Summer visitor. Early May to September. Local N, C, very rare S.

(2, 3, 6).

63 1957 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GREECE

CISTICOLA JUNCIDIS. Fan-tailed Warbler.

PHYLLOSCOPUS TROCHILUS. Willow Warbler.

N, C, S. May winter S. Common. (1-3, 5, 6) .

Resident. Widespread C, S (not Crete). (8, 9).

Passage migrant. Late April/May and late September/October.

F’HYLLOSCOPUS COLLYBITA. Chiffchaff. Winter visitor. Mid-November to mid-April. N, C. Fairly

common. Common passage migrant. May breed. (1-5a, 6, 8). PHYLLOSCOPUS SIBILATRIX. Wood Warbler.

Passage migrant. Mid-ApriI/early May and mid-September/mid- October. N, C, S. Common. (2, 3, Sa).

PHYLLOSCOPUS BONELLI. Bonelli’s Warbler.

REGULUS REGULUS. Goldcrest.

REcu LUS IGNICAPILLUS. Firecrest.

MUSCICAPA STRIATA. Spotted Flycatcher.

Summer visitor. April to October, N, C, S. Scarce. (5a, 6).

Partial migrant. N, C. Local. (1, 5a and c).

Partial migrant. N, C. Common. (1, 5a and c).

Summer visitor. Late April to October. Fairly common N, C, mainly passage migrant S. (1-3, 5a).

MUSCICAPA HYPOLEUCA. Pied Flycatcher. Passage migrant. April and September. N, C, S. Much commoner

spring than autumn (no autumn records Crete). (1-3, 5a). MUSCICAPA ALBICOLLIS. Collared Flycatcher.

than autumn (autumn records lacking for Crete). N. (1-3, 5a).

Passage migrant. April and September. Much commoner spring N, C, S. May breed

MUSICAPA PARVA. Red-breasted Flycatcher.

PRUNELLA MODULARIS. Dunnock.

PRUNELLA COLLARIS. Alpine Accentor.

ANTHUS PRATENSIS. Meadow Pipit.

ANTHUS CAMPESTRIS. Tawny Pipit.

Passage migrant. May and September. N, C. Very rare. (4, 5b).

Winter visitor. October to April. N, C. Widespread. (4, 5).

Resident. N, C. S. Widespread. (5, 7).

Winter visitor. October to April. Abundant N, C, common S. (4,9).

Summer visitor. April to September. N, C, S. Common. (4, 6, 8, 9).

ANTHUS TRIVIALIS. Tree Pipit. Summer visitor. Mid-April to October. Common N, C, passage

migrant S. (5, 6). ANTHUS CERVINUS. Red-throated Pipit.

Passage migrant. April/May and late Octoberflovember. N, C, S. Very rare. (6).

64 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GREBCB IBIS 99

ANTHUS SPINOLEITA. Rockpater Pipit. Partial migrant. Rare breeding species N, widespread winter visitor

N, C. (4, 6, 8, 9). MOTACILLA ALBA. White Wagtail.

MOTACILLA CINEREA. Grey Wagtail. Partial migrant. Common N, C, local S. (1-3, 4, 5, 8, 9).

Partial migrant. Widespread breeding specica N, C. Common winter visitor N, C, S. (1-5, 8, 9).

MOTACILLA FLAVA. Yellow Wagtail. Summer viaitor. April to September. N, C. Pansage migrant S.

Fairly common. (4, 8, 9). LANNS EXCUBITOR. Great Grey Shrike.

LANIUS MINOR. Lesser Grey Shrike. Winter visitor. Dates and abundance uncertain. (Sb, 6).

Summer vkitor. Mid-April to September. Fairly common N, scarce C, passage migrant S. (2-5a and b, 6).

Summer visitor. April to September. Common N, local C, rare S. LANIUS SENATOR Woodchat Shrike.

(1-5a and b, 6). LANXUS NUBICUS. Masked Shrike.

Summer visitor. April to September. Not uncommon N, C, rare S. (2, 4, 5b, 6).

LANIUS COLLURIO. Red-backed Shrike.

Passage migrant (mainly autumn) N, C, S. (2, 4, Sa, 6, 8). Summer visitor. Late April to early October. Common N, local C.

SlVRmrS VULGARIS. Stdhlg. Partial migrant. Local breeding species N, common winter visitor

N, C , S. (1-4). STURNUS ROSEUS. Rose-coloured Starling.

Rare and erratic. N, C. (4, 6). COCCOTH~UUSTZS COCCOTHRAUSTES. Hawfinch.

Partial migrant. Scarce N, C, rare S (none Crete). (1-3, 5a and b). CNLORIS cHLomS. Greenfinch.

Partial migrant. Common breeding species N, C, irregular S. (1-5, 8).

CARDUELIS CARDUELIS. Goldfinch.

CARDUELIS SPINUS. Siskin.

CARDUELIS CANNABINA. Linnet.

SwrlvUscANms. Serin.

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Abundant. (1-6, 8).

Partial migrant. Fairly common N, C, winter visitor S. (4, 5).

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Not uncoxwnon. (4-6).

Partial migrant. Breeds N, C, winters S. Not uncommon. (1,4,5).


~ U L A PYRRHULA. Bullfinch.

LOXIA CURVIROSTRA. Crossbill.

FRINGILLA COELEBS. Chaffinch.

FRINGILLA MONTIFRINCILLA. Brambling.

Winter visitor. October to March. Scarce, N, C. (1-3, 5).

Resident. N, C. Widespread. (5a and c).

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Abundant. (1-6, 8).

Winter visitor. December to February. Fairly common N, irregular c. (4).

EMLIERIZA CITRINELLA. Yellowhammer.

EMBERIZA CALANDRA. Corn Bunting.

EMBERIZA MELANOCEPHALA. Black-headed Bunting.

Probably partial migrant. N, C. Rare. (4, 5).

Partial migrant. N, C, S. Abundant. (4, 6, 9).

Summer visitor. Late April to August. Common N, C, rare S. ( 2 4 6, 8).

EMBERIZA CIRLUS. Cirl Bunting.

EMBERIZA HORTULANA. Ortolan Bunting. Resident. N, C, S. Fairly common. (2-6, 8).

Summer visitor. Late March to November, N, C, S. Common. (4, 6).

EMBERIZA CAESIA. Cretzschmar’s Bunting. Summer visitor. Early April to September. Not uncommon N, C,

rare S. (6). EMEIERIZA CIA. Rock Bunting.

Mainly resident. N, C. Widespread. (4-7). EMBERIZA SCHOENICLUS. Reed Bunting.

Partial migrant. N. Not uncommon. (8, 9). PASSER DOMESTICUS. House Sparrow.

Resident. N, C, S. Common. (14). PASSER HISPANIOLENSIS. Spanish Sparrow.

Resident. N, C, S. (not Crete). Local. (14, 5b, 9). PASSER MOXTANUS. Tree Sparrow.

Partial migrant. Scarce N, C, uncertain S. (3, 4, 5b). MONTIFRINGILLA NIVALIS. Snow Finch.

Resident. N, C. Rare. (7). PETRONIA PETRONIA. Rock Sparrow.

Resident. Widespread N, local C. (1-4).

RARE VAGRANTS AND ACCIDENTALS

PODICEPS GRISEIGENA. Red-necked SULA RASSANA. Gannet. Grebe. PHOENICOPTERIJS RL‘BER. Flamingo.

ARDEOU IBIS. Buff-backed Heron. ANAS ANGUSTIROSTRIS. hlarbled Duck. VOL. 99 F

66 ANTHONY LAMBERT : BIRDS OF GRBBCE IBIS 99

AYTHYAMARILA. Scaup. OXYURA LBUCOCEPHALA. White-headed

BRANTA RUFICOLLIS. Red-breasted

ELANUS CAKRULBUS. Black-winged Kite. F m CHFRRUG. Saker Falcon. ~ m m s ~ C O L I K U S . Franco-

ANTHROPOIDPS VIRGO. Demoiselle

Xgmrs CIN~RBA. Terek Sandpiper. PHALAROPUS LOBATUS. Red-necked

CHB~TUSIA GREGARIA. Sociable Plover.

LARUS ICHTHYA~(TUS. Great black-

Duck. 1

Goose.

lin.

Crane.

Phalarope.

Skua.

backed Gull.

STgRcoIUruUS PARASITICUS. &&C

F’TEROCLPS ORIENTALIS. Black-bellied

PIBROCLBS ALCHATA. Pin-tailed Sand- Sandgrouse.

grouse. SYRRIUPTES PARADOXUB. PdaS’S Sand-

grouse. CERYLB RUDIS. Pied Kingfieher. m o p s ~UPERCILIOSUS. Blue-cheeked

Be-eater. TURDUS RUFICOLLIS. Black-throated

C~ANOSYLWA SVECICA. Bluethroat. PRUNBLLA MONTANELLA. Mountain

BUCANBTBS CITHAGINEWS. Trumpeter

EMB~RIZA AUREOLA. Yellow-breasted

Thrush.

Accentor.

Bullfinch.

Bunting. EMBERIZA CINERRA. Cinereous Bunting.

SUMMARY.

Indi- catiom are given of the status, distribution and relative abundance of all these (except rare vagrants and accidentals), in the north, centre and south of the country, and of the habitat or habitats in which they are generally found. The notes on each species are baaed on the studits mentioned in the list of references and on personal knowledge of the country gained during three years’ residence from 1952-1955.

This paper consists of a catalogue of all species known to occur in Greece.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GREER ORNITHOLOGY.

BANZW, W. 1931. Ein Beitrag zur Avifauna Macedoniens. J. Om. 79 : 319-323. BANZHAF, W. 1937. Ein Beitrag zur Avifauna Ost Thessaliens und der nBrdlichen

BIRD, C. G. 1935. BUREAU, L. 1939. Notes omithologiques de voyage en Gnke. 1875. Alauda I1 : 1-6. CHASBN, F. N. 1921. Field notes on the birds of Macedonia with special reference

Ibis (2) 3 : 185-227. CLARKZ, G. van H. 1917. Neating in Macedonia. DATHB, H. 1949. DRUMMOND, H. M. 1843. List of the birds of the island of Crete from observations

made during a stay of nearly two months, from the 27 April to 18 June 1843.

DRUMMOND, H. M. 1843. Catalogue of the birds found in Corfu and the other Ionian Islands also on the wast of Albania; from notes made during a sojourn of four years.

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A SPECIFIC CHECK LIST OF THE BIRDS OF GREECE.

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