A Small Rock 100 ml of Water The Helium from a Balloon Which is easiest to hold in your hand? Why?
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Transcript of A Small Rock 100 ml of Water The Helium from a Balloon Which is easiest to hold in your hand? Why?
![Page 1: A Small Rock 100 ml of Water The Helium from a Balloon Which is easiest to hold in your hand? Why?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013108/56649e4e5503460f94b44670/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
•A Small Rock•100 ml of Water•The Helium from a
Balloon
Which is easiest to
hold in your hand? Why?
![Page 2: A Small Rock 100 ml of Water The Helium from a Balloon Which is easiest to hold in your hand? Why?](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013108/56649e4e5503460f94b44670/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
State (or phase) of Matter
• The physical form in which matter exists
• Four states– Solid– Liquid Most common on Earth– Gas– Plasma
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SOLIDS• Have a definite shape and
volume– How do we find the volume of a
solid?•Length x Width x Height
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Liquids•Has a definite volume.
– How do we find a liquid’s volume?
•What is a liquid’s shape?– It takes the shape of its’
container– No definite shape
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Gases• No definite shape or volume
– Takes the shape of its’ container– Gas molecules will spread out to
occupy all of the space available.
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PLASMA• Forms when temperatures are high enough to remove electrons from their atoms– When an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged ion.
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Particles and Phase
•The arrangement and motion of the particle that make up a substance determine its state.
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SOLIDS• Particles are packed
together quite closely• The energy bonding
these particles is very strong– This prevents particles
from moving freely
• Particles move by vibrating in their position– Gives solids their
definite shape and volume
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Liquids• Particles are less
densly packed than those in a solid
• Energy bonding particles is weaker than in a solid– Particles can move
around and slide past one another
• Movement of particles prevents liquids from having a definite shape
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Gases• Particles move
freely– Allows gases to
expend and contract to fit its container• Thus gases lack
shape and volume
• Energy binding the particles is weak
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Heat Affects the State of a Substance
• When a substance takes in heat, its particles gain energy and move more quickly
• When a substance releases heat, its particles lose energy and move more slowly.
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When enough heat is added or removed, a change of state
occurs.
• Solid + Heat =
• Liquid + Heat =
• Gas – Heat =
• Liquid – Heat =
LIQUID
GAS
LIQUID
SOLID
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Solid + Heat = Liquid
–Melting point: the temperature at which a solid begins to change to a liquid.
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Liquid + Heat = Gas
• Vaporization– The process in which a liquid changes to a gas
• Boiling Point– The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
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Gas – Heat = Liquid
• Condensation– The changing of a substance from a
gas to a liquid– The temperature is the same as the
substance’s boiling point, it’s just going in the opposite direction.
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Check it Out!
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/molecules.swf
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Phase Change Diagram
Freezing
Condensing
Boi
ling
Melti
ng
HEAT ENERGY
TEM
PER
ATU
RE