Short Story Review. Question 1 What is a brief work of fiction that can be read at one sitting?
A short story is a work of fiction that can be read in one sitting. Elements of a Short Story.
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Transcript of A short story is a work of fiction that can be read in one sitting. Elements of a Short Story.
A short story is a work of fiction that can be read in one sitting.
Elements of a Short StoryElements of a Short Story
Plot
The chain of related events that take place in a story.
Built around conflict, which is a struggle between opposing forces.
Plot at a Glance
climax
falling action
rising action
resolution
exposition
The plot of a short story centers around conflict.
Conflict is a struggle between opposing forces.
Complications build the reader’s excitement.
Conflict
Types of Conflict•External
-Man v Man
-Man v Nature
-Man v Obstacle or Society
•Internal
-Man v Himself
Methods of CharacterizationCreating Believable Characters
Indirectphysical appearance
speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions of the character
speech, thoughts, feelings, or actions of other characters
Direct
the narrator’s direct comments about a character
Main Characterso “Round,” or “3-dimensional”…o See both the good AND bad sides of the charactero Changes in their goals, ambitions, valueso Dynamic: Changes as a result of the events in the story
Minor Characterso “Flat,” or “2-dimensional”o Have only one or two striking qualities (memorable)o Usually all good or all bado Lack deptho Static : Do not change in the course of the story
Types of Characters
Stereotypes o Stock Characters
Protagonist & Antagonisto Protagonist - main character)o Antagonist (force against the main character)
Setting = time and place
- puts the reader in the story by giving the reader the feeling of being in the situation.
- creates atmosphere by the positive or negative feelings associated with the place.
Point of ViewWho’s telling this story anyway?
- the vantage point from which the story is told.
- determines how much we, the readers, know about the characters
1st Person• Narrator is a character in the story.
•Narrator uses first-person pronouns, I, me, my, we, us, our to refer to himself or herself.
•Narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of one character and speaks directly to reader.
3rd Person Limited•Narrator does not participate in action of story.
•Narrator does not refer to himself or herself.
•Narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of one character, but readers are able to maintain some emotional distance from the character.
3rd Person Omniscient•Narrator does not participate in action of story.
•Narrator does not refer to himself or herself.
•Narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all characters; readers get insight into several characters.
What is a symbol?
A symbol is a person, a place, an activity, or an object that stands
for something beyond itself.
Figurative LanguageSimile
A figure of speech; a direct comparison between two unlike things using “like” or “as”Ex: He was as cool as a cucumber
MetaphorA figure of speech involving an implied comparison between two
things, usually using a form of the verb “to be”Ex: The road was a ribbon of moonlight
Hyperbole – extreme exaggeration Personification- giving an inanimate object humanlike
qualities
Mood vs. ToneTone
Definition:The author’s attitude toward a subject (stated or implied)Can be pessimistic, optimistic, serious, bitter, sarcastic, etc.Set through word choice (diction), details
MoodDefinition:
The climate of feeling in a literary workCan be ironic, serious, humorousSet through setting, details, images, diction, etc.
ThemeIn literature, theme is a perception about life or human nature that the writer wants to share with the reader.
In most cases, the theme is not stated directly but must
be inferred.
Themes can be revealed by:
-a story’s title
- key phrases and statements about big ideas
- the ways the characters change and the lessons they learn about life.