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Waste Issues Spotlight:

Restaurants, Bars & Food ServiceOperations

Fats, Oils & Greases (FOG)& Other Solid Wastes

University of Louisville

Shelby Campus

February 17, 2000

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Driving Forces on Legislation

p Property Owners: NIMBY, “Universal Backyard”

p Taxpayers/Agencies: Pressured by rising disposal fees

p Environmentalists: Concerns of ecological effects

p Industries: Fear punitive legislation & regulations

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Our “Universal Backyard”

p NIMBY

p NOTE

p BANANA

p CAVE

p NOPE

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State Legislative Approaches

p Increased recycling rates

p Increased recycled contents

p Advance disposal fees

p Packaging taxes/fees to supportrecycling

p Packaging & product bans

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Challenges to Recycling

p Cheaper to use virginmaterials

p Recycled materialsoften fail to meetBuyer Specs

p Consumer mistrust ofrecycled materials

p Inadequate supply ofPost-consumermaterials

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‘90 Pollution Prevention ActDefines Source Reduction as:

Any practice which reduces the amount of anyhazardous substance, pollutant, orcontaminant entering any waste stream orotherwise released into the environment(including fugitive emissions)

prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal;

and reduces the hazards to public health and theenvironment associated with the release ofsuch substances, pollutants, or contaminants.

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Hierarchy for PollutionPrevention (P2)

p Source Reduction

p Reuse/Recycling

p Energy Recovery

p Composting

p Treatment

p Disposal

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What is P2?What is the Root Cause?

pIs Wastewater Treatment PollutionPrevention?

pWastewater Treatment is PollutionControl; & Treatment = Sludge!

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P2 Programs are SellingMulti-Media Approaches

pW ater

pA ir

pS olids

pT ime

pE nergy

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Waste Reduction Operation Phase

0-6 months, Big Return on Investment

PHA

SE

ON

E

Start

Simple Recycling

Waste Separation

Good Housekeeping

Assessment & Trng.

Recognized Need

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Good Housekeeping

p Leads to Pride &Commitment

p Keep It Clean Inthe First Place

p Waste, Leaks &Spills Easier toSpot

p Dry Cleanup

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Inventory Management

p Procurement Controlé Material Types &

Quantities

é Container Sizes &PackagingRequirements

é Raw Material Quality

é MSDS’s

p Material Controlé Unloading & Storage

é Handling & Use

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Source Reduction Optionsfor Packaging

pLight weighting

pSelecting another material

pBulk packaging

pSwitching from single-use toreusable containers

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Returnable for Reuse

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Packaging Designed forEase of Breakdown & Reuse

Cosmair - Florence

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Plastic Container, Strap &Sheet Recycling

pCosmair -Florence

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Waste Reduction Equipment Phase

6 months - 2 yearsSome Return on Investment

PH

AS

E

TW

OSource Treatment

Equipment Modifications

Process Controls

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P2 Process & EquipmentSelection Considerations

pSolid Waste (Reduce/Reuse/Recycle)

pEnergy demand (efficiency)

pChemical use (disinfect, odors, aids)

pAir emissions (VOCs, aerosols)

pWater use & conservation

pSludge generated (heavy metals,etc.)

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p Supply Practices

p Materials Usage Patterns

p Materials ManagementPractices

p Waste Disposal Practices

p Resource ConsumptionPatterns

p Preferential Use ofEquipment or Techniques

Institutional Barriers

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P2 Benefits for POTW

p Reduce transfer of influent contaminants toair or groundwater

p Further reduce occurrences of interference &pass-through

p Reduce collection system hazards (toxics &gases) & increase worker safety

p Local Economy

p Reduced liability to community

p Improved public relations & image

p Attract business

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Evaluate Why P2 is Importantto Communities

p Water is a limited resource

p Statewide Water Quality - Oncequantity is restricted, the quality mustbe monitored

p TMDL’s - Limits to what a watershedcan receive

p P2 may be the first step to encouragenonpretreatment cities to reducepollutant contributions

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p Focus

éCustomer Satisfaction/”Delight”

p Philosophy

éContinual Improvement

p Customer Diagnosis

éFulfillment

éExpectations

éExciting or Exceeds Expectations

Basic Tenets of Total QualityManagement (TQM)

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www.kppc.org

The Next Steps:P2 & FOG Management

Louisville, KYFebruary 17, 2000

Cam MetcalfExecutive Director

jcmetc01@gwise.louisville.edu502-852-0965

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Universal Waste 401 KAR Chapter 43401 KAR Chapter 43

Division of Waste Management

Hazardous Waste Branch

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Universal Wastesin Kentucky

p Batteries

p Pesticides

p Thermostats

p Spent Lamps

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Lamps

p Bulb or tubeportion

p includesincandescent,fluorescent, highpressure sodium,mercury vapor,metal halide, highintensity discharge& neon lamps

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Universal Waste HandlerINCLUDES ---

p Generators of universal waste

p Facility owners:éReceiving

éAccumulating

DOES NOT INCLUDE ---

p Treatment, disposal orrecycling facilities

p Transportation & transferfacilities

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Universal Waste Handlers

p LARGE :é Accumulates

5,000 kg ormore at ANYtime

é Status isretainedthroughoutthe calendaryear

p SMALL:é does NOT

accumulateover 5,000 kgat ANY time

11,000pounds + less than

11,000pounds

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Registration

pSmall Handlersé None

pLarge Handlersé Register only to

obtain EPA ID Number

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Requirements forALL Handlers

pAccumulate up to 1 yearpMark or label all wastepMaintain inventory systempEmployee training:

éProper HandlingéEmergency procedures

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More...pRelease response plan:

éContain releaseséDetermine if residual waste

is hazardous

pKeep shipment recordspExportspKeep records 3 years

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Transporters

pComply with statetransportationregulations

pNo manifestpRelease response planpStore universal waste

for 10 days or less

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Destination Facility

p Treats, disposes or recycles universal waste

p Excludes accumulation

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Destination Facilities

pMust have a hazardouswaste facility permit

pMay only send waste toanother destination facility

HAZARDOUSWASTE

PERMIT

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More...

pNotify Cabinet if hazardouswaste is received

pKeep record of shipmentsreceived

pRetain records 3 years

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P2/Source ReductionIncludes:

p Equipment or technology modifications

p Process or procedure modifications

p Reformulation or redesign of products

p Substitution of Raw Materials

p Improvements in:

éHousekeeping

éMaintenance

éInventory Control

éTraining

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EquipmentModifications

p Fluorescent Lamp Upgradesé T8 Lamp-Ballast Upgrade (requires new ballasts)

é 40W T10 Lamps (longer life)

é 40W T12 High-lumen Lamps (operate with electronicballasts)

é Reduced-wattage T12 Lamps (light output is alsoreduced)

é 25W T12 Lamps with T8 Electronic Ballasts (see“Snap Back” under training)

é 32W Heater Cutout Lamps (need magnetic ballasts)

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EquipmentModifications

p “Tubeless” lighting systems

p Ballasts:é Partial-output electronic with reduction in both light

output & energy consumption (Task/Ambient lighting)

é Controllable electronic (Photosensors, occupancysensors & dimmers)

é Cathode-disconnect (Hybrid) Magnetic (disconnectpower to filaments & save energy)

é “Energy-efficient” magnetic (low initial cost, highestoperating costs)

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Process or ProcedureModifications

p Uniform Delamping/Reduce the amountof tubes you use

p Task-oriented Delamping/Matchlighting load more closely to work area

p Specular Reflectors with Delamping

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Improvements In:

p Housekeeping-Don’t break tubes!

p Maintenance

éProper practices can help avoid“snap back”

éGroup relamping & cleaning can beless expensive than spot maintenance(use most efficient maintenancemethod)

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Improvements In:

p Inventory Control

éDelamping reduces lamp & ballastinventory

éInitiate specifications for tubes &ballasts to ensure benefits & savings

éSpecify only UL-classified reflectors ifpart of an electrical enclosure

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Improvements In:

p TrainingéEnhance personnel training in proper

maintenance techniques & lightingalternatives

é“Snap back” avoided with ongoing training

éDelamping training for maximumutilization of the reflector

éTraining for recycling / Properly packedtubes for storage & transportation

éProper labeling for transportation

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Recycling FluorescentLamps

p Recycling processes for:éGlass

éEnd Caps

éFilaments (cathodes)

p Recovery processes for:éPhosphor powder

éMercury powder

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KPPC& Waste Management Division:Providing P2 Services

pTraining: Waste Issues Spotlight

pOn-site P2 Assessments

pKIME / WWWeb & Hardcopy

pKPPC Homepage address:

www.kppc.orgpRestaurant page:

www.kppc.org/spotlight/foodservice