A PROJECT REPORT PRESENTATION ON DETERMINATION OF SEVERITY

AND INCIDENCE OF COMMON BEAN RUST

NAME; OTSIENO ODIPO MATTHEWA22/0037/2007

SUPERVISOR; Dr. Muthomi

INTRODUCTION

• Common bean is a legume in the family leguminosae.

• Common bean rust has a world wide distribution.

• Ideal conditions are cool to moderate temperatures for spores to develop.

• Disease incidence is the proportion of individual sampling units on which the disease is present.

Cont…..

• Disease severity is how much disease that is present within a sampling area.

• Common bean rust is caused by a fungus, Uromyces appendiculatus.

• The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the bean host.

• It occurs on aerial parts of the bean plant.

PHOTOGRAPHS OF COMMON BEAN RUST

Cont..

PROBLEM STATEMENT• Common bean rust is a major limitation in bean

production as a result of the effects it causes. These effects include; loss in yield, loss in the

quality of produce and increase in the cost of production of beans.

JUSTIFICATION• My research is intended to come up with better ways

and methods of controlling bean rust in beans

Broad objectives• To determine incidence and severity of

common bean rust at the field stationSpecific objective• To determine the effect of common bean rust

on the quality of produce at the field station

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Determination of disease severity• Four plots prepared• Four rows planted per plot• For control, the field divided into halves to

establish two treatments• One not treated and the other one treated with a

fungicide, Oshothane [Mancozeb 80 wp]• Individual plants observed

Cont…

Disease incidence• All plants in the two halves were counted

independently• Out of the counted plants, those infected with

rust were identified and counted• The infected plants were then substracted from

the total number of plants in the field

RESULTS

• Results were taken in three stages of bean growth

• The stages were early stage, mid stage and during the stage of pod formation

• Results were analyzed using anova• Gens tat was used as a statistical tool

Table [a] showing the effect of fungicide on disease severity

treatment Sampling period1 2 3

Mean severity % decrease over control

T1 7.75 1.68 12

8.96 74

T2 2.37 2 2.62 2.33 0

% cv 34.1

lcd 1.68

Graph [a] showing the effect of fungicide on severity

Table [b] showing the effect of fungicide on Disease incidence

Treatment Sampling period

1 2 3

Mean severity % decrease over control

T1 14.62 16.38 12.88 14.6 76

T2 2.37 3.37 4.62 3.5 0

% cv 18.8

lcd 1.48

Graph [b] showing the effect of fungicide on disease incidence

DISCUSSION

• Favorable environmental conditions promoted common bean rust

• Rust was first detected at the mid stage of bean growth

• Rust increased significantly at the stage of pod formation

• Towards maturity, severity decreased[graph a]

Cont…

• The decrease was due to presence of fewer leaves due to senescence on lower leaves

• On unsprayed halve, both the incidence and severity was high[graph [a] and graph [b]

• On the sprayed halve , both severity and incidence were low [graph a and graph b]

• Fungicide hence reduced both the severity and incidence of common bean rust

CONCLUSION

• Adequate moisture and cool conditions favors common bean rust

• Fungicides reduce both the incidence and severity of common bean rust

• Both severity and incidence were high during the stage of pod formation