A Project on the development of the U.S. after the Constitution

Project Details

Multi Media Power Point Groups of 4-5 Chapters 6-10 150 total points Due Monday November 4 2013

Presentation Details Power Point:

Minimum of 10 slides and 5 images covering the assigned chapter. 50 pts

Minimum of 2 video clips embedded no longer that 10 minutes each (unless otherwise approved by teacher). 20 pts

Minimum of 1 primary source document that group will lead the class through an analysis of via comprehension reading questioning or close reading techniques (see me for help). 20 pts

Presentation follow –up: create a quiz, game or activity that helps students review important content in the presentation. 10 pts

AZ State Standard on the Civil War:

Regional conflicts led to the Civil War and resulted in significant changes to American social, economic, and political structures.

According to the standard, what “caused” the Civil War?

Analyzing Causes through Primary Sources Each group will get an envelope, but DO

NOT open it until I tell you to do so. In each envelope there are 10 primary

source documents. Read or examine each document as a group and then decide how you can organize them by topic or category (you come up with the categories). Each of you should choose 2 documents you can explain to the class, including the category and reason)

Road Map to the Civil War With a group of no more than 4 you are

going to create a road map of America documenting important events leading up to the Civil War in 1860.

Your maps must reflect the correct geography of the time as well as an accurate historical portrait of the pre-Civil War Era known as Antebellum America.

Let me explain!

Westward Expansion- Task One One of the leading factors in the outbreak of the Civil War

was the acquisition of new territories out west and the debate over whether these territories would be slave states or free states.

Re-create the map of these Westward territories as seen on Atlas pages A28-29. Outline it in marker then fill in with colored pencil.

Research the following territorial acquisitions and write a 1-2 paragraph summary about how the US came to own each territory. Louisiana Territory Texas Annexation Mexican Cession Gadsden Purchase Oregon Territory

Road Map Requirements Part 2 Draw in the states as they existed in 1860 prior to the Civil War. Label

then states. Map a minimum of 10 important “stops” along your road map to mark

major events/people or places that are essential for understanding the causes of the American Civil War.

Each “stop” should have a 1-2 paragraph summary to explain the significance of the event and how it is a cause of the Civil War, as well as a primary source document as an “artifact” of the era The summary will be glued or taped to the map in the state/area in

which it occurred or is most closely related and in a manner that allows someone to still read it and view the map. (Suggestion – use pockets)

Summaries can be hand written or typed as long as it is legible, accurate and informative.

The primary source document must also be explained as to how it is relevant to this “stop”. Primary sources can include letters, laws, photos, cartoons, newspaper articles or editorials…

Events/People/Places: Everyone must start at the Constitution (which counts as one “stop”). Below is a list to choose the other 9 “stops” on your road map.

Missouri Compromise

Compromise of 1850 Fugitive Slave Law Uncle Tom’s Cabin Kansas Nebraska Act “Bleeding Kansas”

Political Activism- New Parties

Brooks vs. Sumner in the Senate

Dred Scott Decision Lincoln-Douglas

debates John Brown’s Raid Election of Lincoln Secession of South

Carolina

Grading 400 points!!!!!!! You will be graded on your overall product

including historical accuracy, neatness, organization, creativity and purpose, as well as participation and planning.

Historical Accuracy = 10 points per territory and each “stop”

Primary Source = 10 points per source with explanation

Neatness/Organization = 50 points Creativity/Purpose = 50 points Participation and Planning = 50 points

North Highly industrialized Vast networks of railroads

for trade

North Communication network –

telegraph lines were strung along the railroads

Immigrant workers settled in the North and worked in the factories. Against slavery because they

felt it would compete with paid labor

South Mainly rural – plantations and

small farms Use rivers to transport goods Southern economy relied on

staple crops like cotton – “King Cotton”

South Few immigrants settled here –

there was not a need for labor b/c of slavery

The Debate Over Slavery

Missouri Compromise – a series of agreements passed by Congress to maintain the balance of power between slave and free states.

Established the Missouri Compromise Line 36 degree 30’ north latitude – north of that line was free – south of it was slave

Wilmot Proviso “neither slavery or involuntary

servitude shall ever exist” in any territory the United States might acquire as a result of the war with Mexico.

Wilmot Proviso Divided Congress along regional

lines – Northerners supported it and Southerners opposed it

It was approved by the House of Representatives but the Senate rejected it.

Statehood for California

1849 – California applied to join the Union

California’s constitution forbade slavery

Statehood for California

This surprised the south – they assumed it would enter as a slave state because most of it lay south of the Missouri Compromise Line.

South saw this as an attack on their Southern way of life.

The Senate Debates

The issue of slavery was hotly debated in the Senate in 1849.

The South threatened secession – the formal withdrawal of a state from the Union.

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7785615128986385422&hl=en

•http://video.yahoo.com/video/play?vid=f3efd88753d2450ec1bb30917ecb475b.550890

And Now a Little Intermission…

Clay’s Compromise: Henry Clay worked day and night to find a common ground – this became known as The Compromise of 1850California admitted as a free statePopular sovereignty in Utah and

New MexicoFugitive Slave Act – required

people in the free states to help capture and return escaped slaves.

Resistance Against Slavery

Some Northerners refused to follow the fugitive slave law

Underground Railroad – secret network of people who would aid fugitive slaves in their escape.Harriet Tubman – most famous “conductor”

– former slave – she returned to the South 19 times and escorted nearly 300 people to freedom in the North.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe - novel made slavery not only a political struggle but a moral struggle.

Tension in Kansas - Nebraska

Bill introduced in Congress by Sen. Stephen Douglas to divide the area into two territories: Nebraska in the north and Kansas in the South.

This would repeal the Missouri Compromise and establish popular sovereignty for both territories.

After months of bitter debate the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed

“Bleeding Kansas” “Come on then, gentlemen of

the slave states…We will engage in competition for the virgin soil of Kansas and God give the victory to the side that is stronger in numbers as it is in right.” Sen. William Seward

“Bleeding Kansas” “border ruffians” – from

Missouri voted illegally – won the election and set up a government

“Bleeding Kansas” Abolitionists were furious and

organized a rival government

“Bleeding Kansas” Violence erupts

Homes looted, buildings burned, printing presses destroyed

John Brown (Abolitionist)– believed false accounts that five men were killed by a proslavery mob.○ He pulled five men from their beds

and hacked off their hands and stabbed them.

Violence Spreads Violence over the issue of slavery spreads to the

Senate Senator Charles Sumner delivered an

impassioned speech attacking his colleagues for their support of slavery

An angered nephew of South Carolina’s Sen. Butler entered the chamber and accused Sumner of libel and hit him with his cane repeatedly – Sumner suffered brain damage and didn’t return for three years

Anti-Slavery Parties

Free-Soilers: opposed the extension of slavery into the territories. Supported workers – pro-labor.

Republican – opposed expansion of slavery into territories

Democratic Party

Supported states’ rightsSplit on the issue of slaveryLimited government

Dred Scott Decision

Dred Scott - a slave from Missouri whose owner had taken him north to the free state of Illinois

Dred sued for his freedom

Dred Scott Decision

Supreme Court ruled: slaves did not have the rights of

citizens (ie… confirmed they were property and fundamentally not human)

Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional as it interfered with the rights of property owners to control/manipulate/move their property

Lincoln-Douglas Debates Illinois senate race between Abraham

Lincoln and two-time senator Stephen Douglas

Lincoln-Douglas Debates Douglas – believed in

popular sovereignty to determine slave or freeSlavery was not to be

legislated on moral grounds – it was a backward labor system that would eventually go away with popular sovereignty

Lincoln – slavery is immoral – a labor system based on greed

Need legislation in the territories to stop the spread of slavery

Lincoln lost the election but these debates put him in the national spotlight and people considered him as a candidate for the presidency.

DemocratRepublican

(Moderate)

Harper’s Ferry John Brown’s Raid at Harper’s

Ferry:ardent abolitionist – led a slave uprising of

black and white men in Harper’s FerryHis goal – seize the federal arsenal,

capture arms and start a slave uprising60 of the town’s citizens were captured in

hopes that their slaves would join the uprising, but not a single slave did.

Local troops killed eight of Brown’s menBrown was captured and tried for treason

and later hanged

Harper’s Ferry

Election of 1860 Three major candidates:

Northern Democrats – Stephen DouglasSouthern Democrats – Vice President BreckinridgeRepublicans – Abraham LincolnConstitutional Union Party –

John Bell

Lincoln Becomes President Lincoln wins with less than half of the

popular vote and no electoral votes from the South

States in the South respond by secession – South Carolina was first

The Confederacy is Born Delegates from the seven

secessionist states met in Montgomery, Alabama to form the Confederate States of AmericaDelegates wrote a Confederate

Constitution (similar to the US Constitution except that it upholds the legality of slavery specifically whereas the US Constitution avoided the issue).

It also guaranteed state’s rights Jefferson Davis is elected president

○ Considered “model” Southern gentleman and plantation owner.

The Big Question… Would the North allow

the South to leave the Union without a fight?

The War Begins at Fort Sumter The new Confederacy ordered that Fort Sumter (in

South Carolina) be turned over to them and all U.S. troops stationed there removed or face attack.

Lincoln refused to remove the troopsIf he had, it would have been seen as an informal

recognition of the Confederate States as legitimate). Jefferson Davis ordered an attack on Fort Sumter on

April 12, 1861 thus starting the Civil WarUnion troops surrendered the Fort to the South.

Virginia seceded: prior to this Virginia was not convinced session was

constitutional, but unwilling to fight other southerner states by May the confederacy consisted of 11 states.