A Newly Identified Purcell AutographAuthor(s): Bruce WoodSource: Music & Letters, Vol. 59, No. 3 (Jul., 1978), pp. 329-332Published by: Oxford University PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/733761 .

Accessed: 08/12/2014 02:00

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.

.

Oxford University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Music&Letters.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 128.235.251.160 on Mon, 8 Dec 2014 02:00:22 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

A NEWLY IDENTIFIED PURCELL AUTOGRAPH

BY BRUCE WOOD

DURING the 30 years between the Restoration of King Charles II and the accession of William III, a new repertoire was created for the especial use of the English Chapel Royal. It included some of the most elaborate works ever composed for the Chapel: the orchestral verse anthems of such men as Locke, Humfrey, Blow, and Purcell. Nearly all these 'symphony-anthems' are preserved in full score. Some of them are included in handsome fair-copy albums, compiled by the composers themselves or by other musicians associated with the Chapel.' Others survive as 'fowle originalls': the composers' rough drafts, which often include corrections and revisions, and occasionally have their instrumental passage inserted, apparently as an afterthought, on separate sheets of paper. It was generally from these 'fowle originalls' that Chapel copyists prepared the sets of vocal and instrumental parts actually used in performance.2

Time and hard use have naturally taken their toll of the perform- ing material, of which little remains. Two bass part-books, copied in the I67os by William Tucker, a Gentleman and junior priest of the Chapel ;3 a set of string parts for an anthem by Locke, and another for one by Purcell, copied by various hands;4 and a few old leaves, bound into an organ-book and a set of vocal part-books of later date5 such are the only surviving fragments of a substantial corpus of manuscripts which might have furnished an authoritative text of the music and afforded valuable insights into the performing practices and conditions of the period.

In so meagre a field any new information, however, modest, is welcome; and the identification of Purcell's handwriting, in a set of string parts for one of his own anthems, is of especial interest. The

I See Watkins Shaw, 'The Autographs of John Blow', The Music Review. xxv (1964), 85--95; Nigel Fortune & Franklin Zimmerman, 'Purcell's Autographs', Henry Purcell, i659- i695: Essays on his Music, ed. Imogen Holst, London, 1959, pp. io6-21; and my article 'A Note on two Cambridge Manuscripts and their Copyists', Music & Letters, lvi (i975), 308-12.

See Watkins Shaw, 'A Collection of Musical Manuscripts in the Handwriting of Henry Purcell and other English Composers', The Library, xiv (i959), 126-3I.

3 British Library, Add. MS 5o86o, and Nanki Library, Tokyo, MS N-5/IO. 4 Christ Church, Oxford, MSS i i88-i I89. The Locke parts are in the handwriting of

Edward Lowe, Professor of Music at Oxford from I 662 to I 682, and may therefore never have belonged to the Chapel Royal-though the anthem was certainly in the repertoire there, for it is included in the Rev. James Clifford's word-book The Divine Services and Anthems usually sung in His Majesties Chappell (London, i664).

See Watkins Shaw, 'A Contemporary Source of English Music of the Purcellian Period', Acta musicologica, xxxi (1959), 38-44, and 'A Cambridge Manuscript from the English Chapel Royal', Music & Letters, xlii (i96i), 263-7.

329

This content downloaded from 128.235.251.160 on Mon, 8 Dec 2014 02:00:22 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

parts themselves have long been known to exist, but though they have been duly catalogued, and listed in a modern edition as a source of the work concerned,6 the composer's handwriting has not been recognised in them. They survive in Christ Church, Oxford, MSS I I 88-I I 89. These constitute a single volume-a guard-book, containing a miscellany of English music from the late seventeenth century. It includes both the sets of string parts mentioned above. The first of these, for Locke's anthem 'O be joyful', is incomplete, lacking a first violin part; the surviving parts for second violin, countertenor viol and bass viol appear together with some vocal parts and a holograph full score of the same piece. The other forms the final item in the volume. A set of string parts for Purcell's 'My song shall be always of the lovingkindness of the Lord', a solo anthem composed probably in I690o, it comprises four single sheets:

f. 42 [first violin] 43 [instrumental bass] 44 [viola, in mezzo-soprano clef] 45 '2nd Treble'

The first violin part is entirely in the handwriting of an un- identified copyist. The other three parts were begun by a second unknown hand, but after the first few lines of music Purcell himself took over as copyist.8 He began by making an alteration in each part. Crossing out a new time-signature, ?, at what was then the end of the opening symphony, he substituted a petite reprise six bars in length, beginning with an anacrusial crotchet carefully inserted in the last bar written by the scribe. He then copied the remainder of each part in his unmistakable 'deliberate scrawl',9 with its distinctive C-clef, figure '3', minuscule 'th', capital 'A', and so on. He also headed each part with the title of the anthem: this may have been done before the copyist began the symphony, but more probably it was added last of all.

Despite being in a different handwriting from the others, the first violin part does not appear to be a later replacement for a lost or well-worn original: its copyist used the triple-time signature '. ', which was becoming archaic by I690, whereas Purcell and the

second copyist both used the newer signature '3'. It seems likely, therefore, that two copyists were involved from the start. One may speculate that the parts were required in great haste: indeed, Purcell's alterations suggest that the opening passage had already

6 Franklin Zimmerman, Henty Purcell, I659-95: an Analytical Catalogue of his Music, London, I 963, pp. 30, 469; Purcell Society Edition, xxix (I 959, rev. I 967), 194.

7 Bodleian Library, MS Mus. Sch. C.6I, P. 73 rev. (a full score of the anthem, meticu- lously transcribed by an unknown hand) is endorsed 'H.P. Sep: 9/go'.

8 For the viola part see Plate I. The portion in Purcell's handwriting begins at the eleventh note of line 6.

9 Fortune & Zimmerman, loc. cit., p. 104.

330

This content downloaded from 128.235.251.160 on Mon, 8 Dec 2014 02:00:22 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

PLATE I ....-I.......,.ll... l:.:.:.--;.:--. I'll -';---`_-, IN, I --`l --,"-I-.I, --l 11 l-.-xlll- t_ . I.II I---, 11-1-1 --.11-- II -1-1- T..I I- -1, I: -I ,,2* `I Il 0! ,:: :: -1 .1,'."W'..,,:.wII I11

-,.:.- ,:,.`1 . I-. .:-* MI I1, ..I XI.11I,,----,-,'...,I .,I,ft-,.;: "I - -I ,:* NI

,, ,I,-*- 1.II..-.1 ...IIIIII- 1.:Y,-I.I. ,.111,I",...I1: P- -;.,I II I I . 1,,I,--.II ;: 11I-III IIII.--:4 , I .I , II7, a, . q:, ., ."', . t., I -I , 1. I II;,?. : 1,I .:III:: ; tII . :,.,::;: :I. I.1.1. : = :,II '' . ?:::.:: , x,11..- .1X11. I1. IIII... 1,. ., : i: I .." IIIII 1,I I II,.. I I I11 I I;III ::,:: -: :::: 11.11 ',-II III-I .11 ''...,II- I'll, "I'll, 15;"`::I.IIIIII"I -::;::: I'll 11 - I,I. 1. 11 - 1.II,III11II .,I..I, IIIIIIII I -''I'' 11 11.I,II 1:-, : : :.:::: : , I,III.,IIIII .1-III I.I ,I I-I':I .- .1-IIII''II11 II11-''I I-_--,11 11 I IIC.-11.1"I'l , .11 ::::.::]::::j,.I11I.-IIII'111 -1- - --I, I I -I I "I-... , , ..II.,,`, 11.11 I I!,I-- "I " 1, l " I - %:: , "! , -- - ,IIIII11I:I,: I ,".I-, 1, , I .I11-I....II-I -,, ,IIII I 1, - ,11 11-I -- --III11I .,,III -I --l,II .II-. --,-II,; ,'i"',I -I.-0 --L--- ---,-%-%ll--.4-.l 11!,1, -. :- 1. - , AL,il , 4"-L,,-, .---4-4!--.--I! -::!::: i-,

',, : '....,.I1. :,..:: :- -V, I., II". I - I I: 1. ..-, ,- ,-11, I:.1-1.I-, I.,-I- i- .: -..II 0: I. I. --..-,l [f)L,]IZZ:l iv...'.:''.'",il::il..::f.', .4 ...... - IIII ,4. .'I, .11 -i', , 1. 11 ... - :,.. I ,.. - -11 - I

-I,...,-fI " --

-,-ki- :- --rf: :`:,.Il. ::. _:: .I".. t- , : --

.-,.:;:;:-,-,:Wl --.,.-...., ,",II III .. , I 1, I.....,,:..:J:-:4r,,." !: -Il:I14.......- .1 , . -o--,!!, .J:'; -.

.::,, -I ,

.... .:.:IIIF,,-, I-AlII.II. "...III1. - I , ,.III -; 4: .:: --,-.- -T'lII.,-, "If :I I.T.,.". I. 1;::., -... , -:1 'W I.. 44...1II..I ..1-I1117 7.1 ,4-;-,,:-- --:, -.111 41,1,,::;.I.-I11 .., . ..: :: -Ir, :: ,. -.,,I i,, .. .. ..-4- & ,,t,.f-:I r0fiii ,, . .11-1.11. 1..II-,II .:;:I--am .-:...-:,..:.,::.;;...;..;:. -:,#-,,,.:;-,-,-.'. .4..-,...-- ..... "I'l I:.: : I ." -.. ,': -., .,;l - ,:! ,., ... -11 - I I. : ,:,;-. , -; ,, ; -;:a6-11.- , i;,_..I II'll- r-.. "...., II i.'-.e-:.. ; - .., : ... ...,..,.",.;!;",:,..:...' ......... X.-,;., 1 , I-.-;;:.l_ tx-!I II

1:..- I.1II1,_., i ::: , .- 1-1 1.1,11, I 1. ...- ,.-I11-,,- .1I11 ".."1-1-1 1,- I II-I ,I-III":II -"--1,I ! ,,- -1. ". - I I1.I-,11-,-;,;:---II"I'll . --::::;:,:-:: ,---- --;,.-:,-- -:.. .... --, , . - ,4 ,,4,-, . ..... -:1 X I.. I I - 11- .., - . --- . .. I'll . I.: II I I -- I I'll", -III , ---Vll-, ..... .:- 1-1 11-,,II I-I-- II''I ;1: :l ,., :,,:,-;:;-::-.,,,-,------iI1-1-II-- I I I''II:I ,I I -:: : -:: - : I :1 - I I I I I I 1. I I- ,' I'll, 11,.1, I I I I - - - l 1. I I "I I 11- , , 1-11-1-1 II -1,II''I'll 11 -I I II- I '11- , 1, 1-1 "I'll, ''I : --- I I11, . 1-1-11111 11 -I -11 I11 .,.I .I I-I - -"I 11 - ''I'll, 11 11, 11 11III-. ',Il:I1-111II I I - 1, - I - I'll,II I I'll I'll, 1, - 11-1- , - ., - I 1- - 11 I I - 11 I'll, 11 :,- : I I 11 11 11 I I - I I1 1 1 1. I- ,I - 11 - . 11-I IIII-I I ---- 1'.I .II -I'llI I-I--I ".I.1.1, -II -. ...I-- - -I I11I". -I. .....II. .11, .... ..1. I, II III -.1:;I II.II11.1 I... - II1.II 1,:..i 11- ". :::: :%:INI1,11I ... I,-.1. I ll. 11III :; . ..... .-11I -'...I1.., ... .., 11 13.1. [,,;..,--,w-;:;!j,--::!-.-!"-!--- '", 1.II ,. .,,-.- .... ". ..---A I - A......I., . 4 '. ', -;;7.,.:' :;.III I-... 1-4 .......I "T.".1-A-,I,II II ,- .1.II1t." -:.,- :,e- j, IIII , , Il ''' , --I, . . I ., ."I .II.I 11,.I..IwIT-l"',,-,I-, -IT.II,. II ,. I,1-II ,.-.. 1, ,I*,II-

-.: I f'-4.-11.1.41-ItI.- .... IIv :-.;:;I,,,: , .-11 I I.- 1- II,--:, i':,1: I, * I I If,-:, 7 I., 11-..J-# -- ---,I -.11II. 11

l-II, , -, 11, -III-&,.,. 1 I I..., I II III1-1- 11.IIIII 1.41 11- 1' --:V -,III - , I', :! I,', :: 17. -7- I II -: ''II II---I 1 X I I, , II- --II II 1-.II "". I,.,-4 :- 1- -- 1, ---.l:,,,,-,-..::::,:,I" ,:., --I",-"", ... 1,-I . 1. . ,,,; ., 1 : ..", ;-: -..I, - -.. -.11.I.;,;x,:- - 1-;tlk:.:l'."4.; .'--Il w2 -- -- .7 .. . -,,il . .I,. , .':--:-II.- I,!",-A I1- -I,--II ,-, I 11 l ,.III - ,,,A 1,-.I11- -1.11,If4w, 1-1-1, I- .1 - -7 ,i].11 , . --- jw: 10-.-:-,.::, , :,::.I 11 -1: : ll,:I: U. ,..- I 17---:!:,- I11- .1-1 11

!----:--..-.. - ....: ,-:--...:.:71.,;, ::-::; 4-: -::.-i,,-1- ..,.#.'... 4-,- i. ..I. ,.....:-,--1.- !. I 1--:- , , ''::.,1 ,':1.!,-,, ''I'll, 11--I - ,.

11-1 I I- II- . !:!,,"I ..I 1%. ! !: ]::I..I. 11I..I II I,:: ;: 1,IIIII I- .I.., I r:: I11 .11

::::,. -::!.:!a-X. 1 1i,... 1.

-,II:1I

, , I.I--.: -I..I.I IIc .1

-- 1..*III . I!: 1,III .II1,..: I. I : : e,::I I:I I11.II ....,II 11 ...I IIII, :: : ;: I .;: :I:.I.I.I.I I.-rI

11 11,11.I; I II I'll., ...,-1, 111.I. I'll 1. 11III:I .IIII-'''. .. I,III.111-: ...".11 11I11II.. : i :IIII i-II''I I II1 I ,1, 1,III X-11IIIIII I -,...I I.IIIII I111-1 :, II11 I , 11: I : :: .1IIII ---I,V-- II .III'll 111. .I- 11I11,-,.. .1.11, 11I.11 ,. , -11-II-Ill, 1.11I -11.. ,-1, 1: 1, , : :I11I 1-111 -1-1III -I 11IIIII, 1-1-1-111I.

111.:.::: :! : :::. :II: :,:::"::,

: .-" - I.1 I: , , 1,.I1III I-I 't:IIII1, I r -- -11-I-,II I-IIII -.11111 7;: :. .11 I II III II II11 , 1. , III'l- I-:II , "', -111- 11 III,I I I , -. 11- - I II 4-: V :1:1-g - ,.r+I- t. ,'-l 4, g'.14;,,,,:; 1 11, 11,-- -Ilk, --II j;:: 4, :1:1 Ii, ;:11 ,

, . ii ::;l .. ,,.I1-1 ::' - ,,-II 11 ilil,11 I .,,.------ ------ l7i'.111111-Ilt-l-ol. 4`- IIII ... , - I,- -"I, -T I ''I 1, I I I, II I I . %..... -2::::,:- ... . .: : -I,.. -,. T.,r. I, ,I I.I, -I1.11-.- -II11-I-.11 -. I:.... ..;.... .,",I11I-''I'll - -.I-11"I : I "II.... I ,..:.. . III -;i,-I......II :... . ..,.;,!: .1. II, .1,11 - 1.I ,II:.-.I11 .: !, . ,. :, . . al ,.,I ": , ",II,-.

., ,, .. " I I -... . .-:::!:-,

I, - ;.;i:i:-Lj.`=, ,,--, I--4iiii;ii!i-, ---.---" :, .'',, ,:: I : - lll ̀ j.'li::ilii!!iii

... ::;:---1:-:-::.I,. ,:;-.,

.... 1.11-1.1 .....-.-I.I.-171-771 ,- -.7--'I '. ! ;,.l i:- t.-:--II- ;ij ... .... ....... I-- AwTI ... , : .".1- ... ..I...... -.1 1. II,.,; .... RFII., ,-,.'I, -1II t- 1. i.II.-I ;:: ,:::I11 "IllI. III ,.:.- III..III .I1...1 11 . .1olI .,.l. I Ic T.:-, I-I-Nii 11 1. -:. .- ll.. ...II -wttI II z ,, I,:: i.I,.,- 11 I III I, ............I,11 I I 17 1. - 11 - I-- li-,IIIi-:,

':-1.

I - -1.1.11.1 :i, .. 1, .. ..., , -111I-I-IIIII11,

::i::ii!i. . -.-,,.,.-.,-I ,"11--11 ''Ill- !,, I I:l 1: -11 - I , 11 11I,- 11 V,I:: ;; ;, - IIII..

"".-11Ii: ,:,, , --rll,,l-l -I''I I II 1.1111I-.I I- ,III I- 11,- II 1, I "I'l,III I l 1-11 I III I--Il ;::l- '11 11 11 I.--1 , -1I,-, - -1111-- 1.-- -11I-I-I'll- I -1111I11 1.I,Ill," 11 - I.I-11 . 11 ,I11 - %-%, -- 11I11 -111-1 ..",II III'llI''I I I -- 1.-I I- - I",I- i,-, ,: I'iiiii-i I'll11 I I11,II'll11 1 - , : X::.. ,II ,. -, I 11 III IIII11,-.I II'll, . I -. 11I11,I.1,1.1 1,

: ::-.:.I-- I IIII III ''I:: 1111-.I,.,, III .1 II o11 11I. I-;,,...,.1 I ,- : ,,II'll, I I1, - ,II..I11 11I- -. II11-1.1I1;1, .I-f -, ''III I ,I- .."'....,...I: :III

,II4.--,,.i .1

I -I- II1-1-

... .; -.---- ..1-11

.1;i:,-

- II I ,,i:!,1

,-.

11 ''.",:II11I;,: I -1,IN.I ,

I.- . - 1111-1 11-IIII IiII, -- -, - - --71 -.I I -I ,III I-X; ...'. . , -:... -7..:., !:: : ,,ilI:::::

- II-I. -1: : .. .. llll ,!:I .1 I11 .- -- I .I.I III--:1:I .: I'I.I,. .. :;. .II .'. -- '_:-::-l .I-.-d. 1..-.A:, ...I.:t,:- -::- 1--.----I II:II 11

I.:,., :- II. .,. ., .1 .11.1 ,::1 i,,, -,., '', I.- 11 .f.ii

- .-, --l-, ,oi II------I1.

. ,.. '. , -q. ,=,, 1,I .- - '7 ,I..:: , . . ., ..,. ,I. 1 . I-;.1 AV....4II .I-A.I-I-, .:::::::i::.,I ,Ill;,-I: iII I"I ,, ,i "'.III ::i-I1:-IA.II ij,::;:''II i .-.',,--.', o. 0 I I.11II

I III I- -II .1":-:ii =- - .II-. I. II 11 -11II 11,I'I'll, I-11 ''I",I:.:--, -111-1-1- I ''I % -I I "I 'I', 1, --, -- ::::;.II-I

- I I : l-,-., ,".. -- -, , , 1, I , I.,I- 1-11 I I I --, , - - , I - 1. 11, - -I II I-- .I-I ,I -1 II -II""', " I ,III . --II,];i!IV 1. Ill .11.11. I IMI - II 1. . -11- 1. 11IIll,I. -- 11II-- I-I ,-,, ,- II : : ::: .:,:;;-II. I.1 1, 111. 11.1 - -I I.1-7':,.:. . I.- ... ..II - ,.. '..

-.:,:::: :: ,:;,-. 11 11 j] ". ".1 ::I 1. .. .. .. ..- I7A,I-: : i.;IW777- I I-. I,..I1.11 1, - I.-I11 i, .III.- I4 , 1,I.I:::o':IIII,> ..:]]::! :'...,I.,. 'T : :II....". 11 11 # ll , II1.I1,, I:.., 1. "I ""." ::I.: .1 11 1,I., -., .,..I III .1.!III III. I11.1.i1, : k. : .III, I ,... ,.: - :: i ;*I .. . i!;I,,'', I:': , :I II.1.II,::I::::..III -I:::..: , II-11 11 I III"I . "-I1,It '':::: " -, ,_, ". ,;., ,;', :,, ". 1:,I: I I. III ,I..IIl xI , ''.I IIj, I,11 ' ::::::;: ::i : IIIII.II.".III I-, : ,Z::: II I, :!II ,:::II -:11:1, -I -II -.I.. '. ---- ..:1IIII--I1,:1.11, II I... II 1, I I,I11, -1 I :I''.I.1 -III --I," .,. i - 11 -I 1, x; ;: :1,III I I I,I I-I,11-I I-,-,I.II11-,::::, , ,11, .11. III.1., 11 ,III I,I II . - -.- ,II .1. -.1.111-1I 1, :II.,,, -..II - I ! ,.11.1.-I,-I-.,!:: : .:,,:::;,:::7::::::I- ,, '.. : ,: ,

,." -:.l iII IpII - -I-I-.-.'', . I-I ---Ill 11I11 ,.I1, . III II IIII, I,III ..-I ,I::II!I ,-,11.1, : : ..j.., - :-;-:: -1I11IIIII -.. I -I.:: :: : ] i -,: - I-II.. -II IIIII11III"I,I II1] ::' "' 1. ---.. .- 11I11I-I11II.I -- II :- ,:-, -V: ,% ,-- %::- iIII11 11 I-- 1".,, I , %II11,I I11II.II''Ill'. 11 I II- -11 :: 7 ,: :III .1. :::, -111,11-11", - 11 1--l. :: -.1 -1.1 11 .11 . II:, AI II 1. 1. -I.11-II - - -. ...- , ,1,I11II: ::I-I ''I III - I". 1- I I 11-I'l I-I11 III-- 11 I I11-,II I 11 :,,II III,I- I;: % III'll - 11-1111, , I ,I- - I, I:-,A--:A ..T k ,:---.-11,-- I 1-1-1 ..I ''I'll'':-I- .-I,::,&I11. -, "I -: ,_-,:. :I- .l-l'l'l'.,., -- 1-1-11 I.lx - ,1-:::.-: A p:: ,:*: 1 I,. -..... 11-1 1-1 I- -,---% I-I -'. 1 -

,,r. I.1.1 , .I11 .-I I I ''I'llI

-:1. - -------1 I.,f- '', - '', :: ,:J -1,II I-I" 1-1I.:,. - ....I .-..:sI..-k, II -III -.1 11 11 11--, , --.IIIII 11.1 ,-II -,.1 - - I I. ....' ' . 11 11 11 I 1 . I .. . 111. ,.,, I.....'.III..I.1. I

-IIIil =1 I -- I11 ... 1-1. .1.1.I,.I I.. .1. .I'll, 1. -I.:.I..f11 . .1, -:- 11 -, I ..I W. ...I.,... :: ::-- II ,-I. .II.. -I . 4.,...I1,w -..II,,.I ,.., ...,I'--.".. ...I-IIII... I I - - :::I,] I I- I;,.":!i,.::Wi i41.1 ". - I -I.

This content downloaded from 128.235.251.160 on Mon, 8 Dec 2014 02:00:22 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

been copied into the parts before the composition itself was com- pleted, or the exact form of its opening symphony settled. Such urgency could well have occasioned the employment of two Chapel Royal copyists in this very small task with the composer lending his own assistance, as a mere scribe, at a time when he was both an eminent and a very busy musician.

332

This content downloaded from 128.235.251.160 on Mon, 8 Dec 2014 02:00:22 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions