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![Page 1: A newly established Science Shop in Ankara: Sharing experiences Evelyn S. Schaafsma (Pharm D) Director Science Shop for Medicines University of Groningen,](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022051314/551b15e65503462e578b5d42/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A newly established Science Shop in Ankara:
Sharing experiences
Evelyn S. Schaafsma (Pharm D)Director Science Shop for Medicines
University of Groningen, The [email protected]
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Turkey-Netherlands
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Outline
• Science Shops: what is it??!
• Science Shop University of Groningen
• Science Shop for Medicines
• Examples of projects
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Science Shopwww.livingknowledge.org
General concept
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A Science ShopA Science Shop (is a unit that) provides (is a unit that) provides
© Henk Mulder
concerns experienced concerns experienced by civil society.by civil society.
in response toin response to
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SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC CULTURALCULTURAL
SOCIO-POLITICALSOCIO-POLITICAL
POLICY-POLICY-MAKERSMAKERS
FUNDERSFUNDERS
HOSTSHOSTS
SUPPLYSUPPLY DEMANDDEMAND
STAFFSTAFF
© Henk Mulder
actors & factors
Science shop
Where ?
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Wageningen
Maastricht
© Henk Mulder
Rotterdam
Utrecht
University of Utrecht (7x)
University of Utrecht (7x)
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Erasmus University Rotterdam
University of Maastricht
University of Maastricht
University of Tilburg
University of Tilburg
Tilburg
Eindhoven
Technical University of
Eindhoven (8x)
Technical University of
Eindhoven (8x)
University of Groningen
(9x)
University of Groningen
(9x)
Groningen Technical University of
Twente
Technical University of
Twente
Twente Wageningen Agricultural University
Wageningen Agricultural University
Dutch Science Shops
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From the 70’s to the 00’s
70’s: Netherlands, (USA)
80’s: Australia, Denmark, England, Northern Ireland, Germany, Austria, France, Belgium
90’s: Israel, Canada, Spain, Romania, Norway, Malaysia, South Korea, Czechoslovakia, South Africa, New Zealand,
00’s: Belgium (renewed), France (renewed), South Korea (renewed), Portugal
2005 initiatives: Greece, Estonia, Latvia, Iceland, Japan, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Turkey
Science Shop - Wetenschapswinkel - Boutique de Science - Videnskabsbutiken - Wissenschaftsladen - Bazar de las Ciencias
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SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC CULTURALCULTURAL
SOCIO-POLITICALSOCIO-POLITICAL
POLICY-POLICY-MAKERSMAKERS
FUNDERSFUNDERS
HOSTSHOSTS
SUPPLYSUPPLY DEMANDDEMAND
STAFFSTAFF
© Henk Mulder
actors & factors
Science shop
What Host-institutes ?
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© Henk Mulder
Organisation FormsOrganisation Forms
NGO
Separate entity
University links
Community-University Research Alliances
University
Central Office
Faculty Office
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SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC CULTURALCULTURAL
SOCIO-POLITICALSOCIO-POLITICAL
POLICY-POLICY-MAKERSMAKERS
FUNDERSFUNDERS
HOSTSHOSTS
SUPPLYSUPPLY DEMANDDEMAND
STAFFSTAFF
© Henk Mulder
actors & factors
Science shop
What clients ?
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CriteriaCriteria
1. Not commercial. Public results.
2. Able to use results
3. No (full) financial means
© Henk Mulder
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Community/voluntary groups
Environmental NGOs
Local/regional authorities
Schools/pupils
Patient groups
Labour unions
Religious groups
Individuals (sometimes conditional)
Other: student organisations, museums, police, parliamentarians/political parties
Some: other research institutes, SMEs, larger firms/industry
© Henk Mulder
Clients of Science Shops
Demand
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SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC CULTURALCULTURAL
SOCIO-POLITICALSOCIO-POLITICAL
POLICY-POLICY-MAKERSMAKERS
FUNDERSFUNDERS
HOSTSHOSTS
SUPPLYSUPPLY DEMANDDEMAND
STAFFSTAFF
© Henk Mulder
actors & factors
Science shop
What research
capacity
provided ?
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© Henk Mulder
Supply
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SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC CULTURALCULTURAL
SOCIO-POLITICALSOCIO-POLITICAL
POLICY-POLICY-MAKERSMAKERS
FUNDERSFUNDERS
HOSTSHOSTS
SUPPLYSUPPLY DEMANDDEMAND
STAFFSTAFF
© Henk Mulder
actors & factors
Science shop
What do they
do for a living ?
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© Henk Mulder
Mediation TasksMediation Tasks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Find a student or researcher
Receive/solicit clients and (new) questions
Map the problem (articulation)
Preliminary research: Refer, Refuse, Advice or Formulate (scientific) research question (Incl. funds if required)
Find a (co-) supervisor
Evaluation
Maintain communication and process
Facilitate useable presentation/publication of results
Help client implement results and formulate follow up actions
Make inventory of follow-up research/themes
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Wetenschapswinkels Science ShopsWetenschapswinkels
Experiences > 25 years
at University of Groningen
The Netherlands
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© Henk Mulder
Pharmaceutics
University of Groningen Science Shops
Biology
Chemistry
Economic Sciences and Business Management
Education & Youth Studies
History
Languages & Communication
Medicine and Public Health
Physics
Photo: http://www.xray.chem.rug.nl/thomas/
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University of Groningen Network
Nine Science Shops (14 staff, 8.2 fte)
Funded 60/40 by University Board and Departments*
6-weekly meetings of coordinators
Policy, PR, bilateral projects
Joint activities
– Newsmagazine, website
– Seminars, Conferences
– Societal Assessment of Faculties
– Obtaining questions through newspaper
Paid Board (0.4 fte + Secretariat 0.2 fte)
Front of the main building of the University of Groningen
© Henk Mulder TIMCED Intermediu Ploiestip
Photo: TIMCED Intermediu Ploiesti
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Financing from Board of University
Regional image
Political/social awareness of students
Financing from Faculty / Department
Practical education
Research Themes
PR
University of Groningen
Part of “Third Mission”: Knowledge Transfer
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Science Shop for MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy
Groningen University Institute for Drug Research
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Science Shop for Medicines
• Science Shops for Health
• Clients & questions and output
• Detecting unexplored research areas
• Pro-active approach: themes– Children– Etnic minorities
• Ramadan and medication
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Benefits
• Patient or consumer organizations: Independent research of good quality at low price
• Students: Apply theory to practice in “own” project
• University: Detecting unexplored research areas
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Who came to the Science Shopand what did they ask?
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Safe use of drugshas always been an import topic
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Examples
• Adverse effects of Melatonin in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2002)?
• DES hormone used in girls to stop growing? (2000)
• Safe use of breastfeeding suppressants (bromocriptine ea): Report and brochure (1998)
• Hypothyroid patients complaining about Thyranon change towards Thyrax (1992)
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Melatonin: experiences of users
• Client: patient group with CFS• Problem: bad experiences with Melatonin (unlicenced
drug, food supplement)• Research question: Experiences (good and bad) with
Melatonin, lit. review + questionnaires • Done by Master student (3 months full time) and
science shop coordinator (3/4 year parttime)• Involved expertise: Dep. pharmaceutical chemistry,
hospital doctor and nurse, Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre
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Other themes
• Effectiveness of medication:– Alternative medicines: herbs, food supplements – New drugs: biotech
• Drug Information for lay public– 70’s: no info enough -> help find (new
contraceptives Implanon etc)– Now: to much info -> find trustworthy info and
summarize in understandable language
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Detecting unexplored research areas: Third World
Several student
projects on production
of drugs in third world
Resulting in a PhD
project on production
and storage of tablets
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Detecting unexplored research areas: Pregnancy
Student projects (80s)
PhD project (90s)
Major research area in
Social Pharmacy
department (today)
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Pro-active approach: themes
Questions within society not via patient group or other NGO, because they are (hardly) represented:
• Children
• Ethnic minorities
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Children
• Health education to children about their drugs: a survey among patient organisations.
• What kind of health education do you think should be adressed regarding drugs and children?
• Slection of questions -> one example chosen for brochure
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Ethnic minorities
• 10% of Dutch population non-native background
• Cultural diversity in health care should be addressed
• Interdisciplinary approach: intercultural communication involved
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Examples• Drug information for refugees
• Drug information for deaf patients
• Ramadan and medication use
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Deaf patientsEthnic minority?? No, but:
Sign language is first language and dutch grammar differs
=> need for visual leaflet
DEAFMED: EU project
in collaboration with
Dr Yegenoglu (Hacettepe)
Dr Visser (Intercul. Comm.)
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Ramazan and medication use
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Ramadan and medication useWhy bother??
• Fasting and medication: suboptimal pharmacotherapy or adverse effects
• Seen by health care workers in deprived areas (first generation immigrants)
• Almost 1.000.000 moslims in NL • Next years: fasting time a day will increase
up to 18 hours (Dutch summer)
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Ramadan and medication use• Several projects:
– Literature review– Pharmaceutical Care project – Comparative study Turkey-Netherlands
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Pharmaceutical Care Project
• Aims to
guide muslim patients, their families, and their caregivers in rational medication use during ramadan, adapted to their religion
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Pharmaceutical Care Project:Multiple Intervention
• Individual counseling for muslim patients in pharmacies, in collaboration with prescribers– Invited before ramadan: diabetes– During ramadan
• Educational meeting with – pharmacy team– GP’s– invited patients
• “cultural mediators”
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Pharmaceutical Care Project:Results of Pilot
• Estimate: 70% of pharmacy visitors insisted to fast, despite medical condition
• 86% (2005), 65% (2004) of fasting patients were categorized as “at risk”
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Pharmaceutical Care Project:Results of Pilot (continued)
Outcome of counselling:
• 60% changed prescription
• 92% changed use
• Few referrals
• Patient interviews
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Pharmaceutical Care Project:Results of Pilot (continued)
Patient interviews• Fast majority of patients think the
counselling of pharmacy is important and useful
• 50% also received info from other sources (incl. informal)
• Both pharmacy and doctor’s advice are appreciated
• Religious leaders are hardly consulted for advice
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Comparative study: Turkey- Netherlands
• What can we learn from each other in both countries?– Turkey: Selen Yegenoglu– Netherlands: Evelyn Schaafsma
• Interviews with health professionals, patients and patient organizations on their experiences and opinions on current practice about advice giving on ramadan and medication use
• EU project: good rating, but not selected
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Good luck on the
Science Shop in Ankara!!