“A LIAR WILL NOT BE BELIEVED EVEN WHEN HE SPEAKS THE TRUTH.”

AESOP: “THE SHEPHERD’S BOY”

Five Themes of Geography

World History & GeographyWorld History & Geography

Know: Explain the Five Themes of Know: Explain the Five Themes of GeographyGeography

Show: Group Share/QuizShow: Group Share/Quiz

Theme One - Location Definition- Refers to the position of people and places Definition- Refers to the position of people and places

on the Earth’s surface.on the Earth’s surface. Question answered - Where is it?Question answered - Where is it?

What is an example of the question where is it?What is an example of the question where is it? Question answered - Why is it there?Question answered - Why is it there?

What is an example of why is it there?What is an example of why is it there? Two types of location-Two types of location-

Absolute locationAbsolute location Relative locationRelative location

Absolute Location

Definition - Exact position on Earth using a Definition - Exact position on Earth using a grid system of latitude and longitude.grid system of latitude and longitude.

Example: Mt. St. Helens 46° N, 122° WExample: Mt. St. Helens 46° N, 122° W

Relative Location Definition - The relationship of one place to other Definition - The relationship of one place to other

places.places. Example:Example:

Decide where to liveDecide where to live Where to workWhere to work Where to put a landfillWhere to put a landfill Where to put a military baseWhere to put a military base Arizona is north of MexicoArizona is north of Mexico

Changes in relative locationChanges in relative location

Changes in relative location Relative location between two places can increase or decreaseRelative location between two places can increase or decrease Decrease example: information getting from New York to San Decrease example: information getting from New York to San

FranciscoFrancisco Stage - 27 daysStage - 27 days Pony Express - 15 daysPony Express - 15 days Railroad - 4.5 daysRailroad - 4.5 days Air Mail - 3 daysAir Mail - 3 days Next Day DeliveryNext Day Delivery Fax - MinutesFax - Minutes Computer - SecondsComputer - Seconds Farther apartFarther apart Fax breaks and have to mail informationFax breaks and have to mail information Bus breaks down and you have to walkBus breaks down and you have to walk

Why is it there? (2nd question - location) Reasons why events happen where they do.Reasons why events happen where they do. Why diseases happen where they do.Why diseases happen where they do. Examples: fire stations, schools, office Examples: fire stations, schools, office

buildings, stadiums.buildings, stadiums.

•Your table(s) up to four is a group

•Pick up the school building as if it were a toy block. Relocate it anywhere your group chooses.

•Answer:•Explain (on paper) 3 ways your school life would change.•Listen to all the groups choices and explanations and give two disadvantages/advantages of your favorite 2.

“There is always someone worse off than yourself”

Aesop

Theme Two - Place: Physical and human characteristics Question - What is it like there?Question - What is it like there? Three fundemental Three fundemental

characteristicscharacteristics Physical characteristicsPhysical characteristics

geological, hydrological, atmospheric, geological, hydrological, atmospheric, biological, natural environmentbiological, natural environment..

Example: Venice, Italy - island and canals - Example: Venice, Italy - island and canals - boats instead of carsboats instead of cars

Example: Burma - Houses built on stilts to Example: Burma - Houses built on stilts to protect from floods.protect from floods.

Human CharacteristicsHuman Characteristics Human ideas and actions that result in changes in Human ideas and actions that result in changes in

the environment.the environment. buildings, farmsbuildings, farms Examples: long lot farms next to rivers for accessExamples: long lot farms next to rivers for access

rivers as original means of transportationrivers as original means of transportation different ways at looking at landdifferent ways at looking at land

land rich for miningland rich for mining sacred landsacred land

Image people have of the placeImage people have of the place

•Your group (4 Max) is your table.

•Select a place in the world that is easily described.

•Take 5 minutes and describe at least 5-10 things that would help identify the place.

•Be prepared to read these in front of the class and have them guess the location.

Theme Three - Human/Environment interactions: shaping the landscapeQuestion: What is the relationship between humans and the environment? Three Key ConceptsThree Key Concepts

Humans Humans dependdepend on the environment on the environment Natural environment: made up of all living and non-Natural environment: made up of all living and non-

living things - living things - • living things - people, animals, plantsliving things - people, animals, plants• non-living things - air, land, waternon-living things - air, land, water

Depend on natural environment for basic needsDepend on natural environment for basic needs• Congo River basin - people new to Congo starveCongo River basin - people new to Congo starve• native people can find foodnative people can find food

Humans Humans modify modify the environmentthe environment modification by agriculturemodification by agriculture turning deserts into Ag areasturning deserts into Ag areas

Humans Humans adaptadapt to the environment to the environment settle everywhere by adaptingsettle everywhere by adapting adaption may be affected by culture’s adaption may be affected by culture’s

economy, politics, technologyeconomy, politics, technology solutions may cause more problems - Borneo solutions may cause more problems - Borneo

MosquitoesMosquitoes

To discuss: How do students depend, modify and adapt to Mesa High?

Theme Four - Movement - relationships between people in different places.Question: How and why are places related to one another? Three types of movementThree types of movement movement of peoplemovement of people

migration-move to a new location for settlement - migration-move to a new location for settlement - forced or voluntaryforced or voluntary

movement of goods - goods being moved from place to movement of goods - goods being moved from place to another.another.

movement of ideas - ideas borrowed from other groups and movement of ideas - ideas borrowed from other groups and adapted to our own purpose.adapted to our own purpose.

•Divide into groups (4 max) by tables

•List 10 different types of movement using Mesa High

•Be prepared to read aloud.

Theme Five - Regions - areas that have unifying characteristics.Question: How and why is one area similiar and different to each other? Examples of RegionsExamples of Regions Human regionsHuman regions

corn beltcorn belt rocky mountain regionrocky mountain region

Physical regionsPhysical regions topography - what surrounding area looks liketopography - what surrounding area looks like climateclimate

Political BoundriesPolitical Boundries bordersborders

Cultural regionsCultural regions Bible beltBible belt Latin AmericaLatin America

Global RegionsGlobal Regions similiar religionssimiliar religions climatesclimates languageslanguages

Local RegionsLocal Regions school districtsschool districts zip codeszip codes

Any location can be in multiple regionsAny location can be in multiple regions

•Groups

•Pick one of the five regions (grasslands, deserts, rain forests, mountains, polar)

•List ten items you would need to have to help adapt to the environment.

•Read aloud

•Discuss:

•How are the items similar/different. Why?

•Do regions have similar items?

1. HOW AND WHY ARE PLACES RELATED TO ONE ANOTHER IS A QUESTION OF WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY?2. PEOPLE CHANGING THEIR SURROUNDINGS WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY?3. WHAT MAKES UP THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT?4. USING RELATIVE LOCATION WHICH IS FARTHER APART: MEXICO CITY TO PHOENIX BY BUS, PLANE, OR FOOT.5. WHERE IS IT - ANSWERS WHAT QUESTION FOR WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? 6. WHAT QUESTION IS ASKED INVOLVING THE PLACE THEME OF GEOGRAPHY?7. PEOPLE USING SOD TO BUILD HOUSES WITH ON THE GREAT PLAINS WHERE THERE ARE NO TREES WOULD BE WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY AND WHY?8. THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN STATES WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH THEME OF GEOGRAPHY? ALSO WHICH CHARACTERISTIC IS USED TO DESCRIBE THIS AREA?9. THE USE OF THE FAX MACHINE AFFECTS WHICH THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY AND WHY?10. WHAT IS LOCATED AT 0º LATITUDE, 0º LONGITUDE, 90º N LATITUDE, 66 1/2º S LATITUDE, 180º LONGITUDE, 23 1/2º S LATITUDE?

5 Themes of Geography Sample quiz.