A Level Revision notes 2020/2021 · le rechauffement de la terre = global warming une marée noire...
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A-Level French Revision notes 2020/2021 All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020
Transcript of A Level Revision notes 2020/2021 · le rechauffement de la terre = global warming une marée noire...
A-Level FrenchRevision notes 2020/2021
All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020
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Contents Key Vocabulary for Topics ................................................................................................................... 3
Listening ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Speaking .............................................................................................................................................. 18
Reading ................................................................................................................................................ 19
Writing .................................................................................................................................................. 33
Grammar .............................................................................................................................................. 34
Advanced Grammar ............................................................................................................................ 35
The Exam ............................................................................................................................................. 36
Study Skills........................................................................................................................................... 39
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These notes cover the main areas of this subject. Please check the specific areas you need with your exam
board. They are provided “as is” and S-cool do not guaranteed the suitability, accuracy or completeness of this
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Key Vocabulary for Topics
Masculine: Feminine:
le vin = wine la nourriture = food
un régime équilibré = a balanced diet la matière grasse = fat content
l'alcool = alcohol la consommation = consumption
un additif = additive la cuisine traditionnelle = traditional cooking
un gastronome = a gourmet la cuisine saine = healthy cooking
un repas = a meal la culture biologique = organic farming
un en-cas = a snack la santé = health
un viticulteur = wine grower la forme = fitness
le tabagisme = addiction to smoking l'anorexie = anorexia
le tabagisme passif = passive smoking la boulimie = bulimie
le SIDA = AIDS la drogue = drugs
l'alcool = alcohol la toxicomanie = drug addiction
un toxicomane = drug addict la cirrhose du foie = cirrhosis of the liver
le cancer du poumon = lung cancer la gueule de bois = hangover
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un préservatif = a condom l'ivresse = drunkeness
le sexe sans protection = unprotected sex la conduite en état d'ivresse = drink-driving
un centre de réadaption = a rehabilitation centre la poussée de stupéfiants = drug-pushing
le stupéfiant = drug / narcotic la guérison = cure
le marriage = marriage l'interdiction = ban
le divorce = divorce la boulimie = bulimie
l'homme au foyer = house husband la famille (monoparentale) = (single parent) family
un mari / un époux = husband l'union libre = living together
le planning familial = family planning la conflit des générations
le comportement = behaviour la cohabitation = living together
le foyer = the home une épouse / femme = wife
le concubinage = living together la natalité = birth rate
le collège = secondary school la cellule familiale = the family unit
l'enseignement = education la progéniture = off-spring
le système éducatif = the educational system l'école = school
le bac = A-Level la scolarité = schooling
un examen = an exam une interrogation = test
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un contrôle = a test une épreuve = test
le programme = the curriculum l'université = University
le permis de conduire = driving licence la sale des profs = staff room
le code de la route = Highway code l'orientation = guidance
un couloir de bus = a bus lane une licence = a degree
un péage = a toll la circulation = traffic
le chemin de fer = the railway une voiture particulière = a private car
le réseau autoroutier = the motorway network une subvention = a subsidy
l'excès de vitesse = speeding la sécurité routière = road safety
un poids lourd = a HGV une zone piétonne = pedestrian area
un routier = lorry driver une piste cyclable = a cycle track
un embouteillage = traffic jam la capacité = capacity
le tourisme = tourism une amende = a fine
l'afflux = flux of people l'industrie de tourisme = the tourist business
un estivant = holiday maker la vie nocturne = night life
un voyage = a trip une croisière = a cruise
le circuit touristique = the tourist circuit l'évasion = escape
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le coût de vie = the cost of living la détente = relaxation
un retour à la nature = return to nature une auberge de jeunesse = a youth hostel
le haut saison = high season la télévision = the television
un journal = a newspaper la presse = the press
l'Internet = the Internet la vie privée = private life
un journaliste la publicité = advertising
un éditeur = a publisher une émission = a programme
un rédacteur = an editor la libre parole = free speech
un quotidien = a daily la liberté de la presse = the freedom of the press
un quotidien populaire = a tabloid une diffusion = a broadcast
un exemplaire = a copy la rubrique (sportive) = the (sports) section
le divertissement = entertainment l'énergie (nucléaire / solaire)
l'effet de serre = the greenhouse effect une centrale nucléaire = a nuclear power station
le recyclage = recycling l'écologie = ecology
le rechauffement de la terre = global warming une marée noire = oil slick
le gaspillage = wastage la pluie acide = acid rain
un cobaye = a guinea pig une bombe aerosol = aerosol spray
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un groupe de pression = a pressure group l'essence sans plomb = lead free petrol
l'environnement = the environment la culture biologique = organic farming
un parti = a party la protection = protection
le gouvernement = the government la chasse = hunting
un ministre = a minister la politique = politics / a policy
un sondage = an opinion poll / a survey la droite = the right wing
le pouvoir = power la gauche = the left wing
le président = the president une élection (présidentielle)
le premier ministre = the prime minister la proportionnelle = proportional representation
le Sénat = the Senate (Upper House) une voix = a vote
un élu = someone elected une circonscription = a constituency
le parlement = parliament l'Assemblée Nationale = the National assembly (the Lower
house)
le marché unique = the single market l'Union Européenne (UE) = the European Union
le traité = treaty la monnaie unique = single currency
un pays = a country la frontière = border
un état membre = a member state la libre circulation = free movement
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un citoyen = a citizen la communauté = commuity
le vote = voting l'identité nationale = national identity
député = an M.P. la présidence = presidency
le christianisme = christianity la bureaucatie = bureaucracy
l'Islam la religion = religion
un temple = a church (protestant) une messe = a church service
le pape = the pope une église = a chuch (catholic)
un juif = a Jew la foi = faith
l'athéisme = atheism une juive = a Jewess
l'intégriste = fundamentalist une mosquée = a mosque
l'espoir = hope une prière = a prayer
un musulman = muslim un(e) évangéliste = born again Christian
le tiers-monde = the third world la poussée = upsurge
un bidonville = a shanty town la famine = famine
l'occident = the west la sécheresse = drought
un régime = diet la guerre (civile) = (civil) war
un pays sous-développé = a under-developed l'aide = aid / help
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county
un pays en voie de développement = a developing
country l'eau potable = drinking water
le droit = the right la surpopulation = over population
le prison = prison l'inégalité = inequality
un crime = a crime l'espérance de vie = life expectancy
un délit = an offence la peine de mort = the death penalty
le taux = rate la criminelle = criminal / murderer
le vol = theft la police = the police
le viol = rape une infraction = an offence
le meurtre = murder la punition = punishment
un procès = a trial une cour = a court
l'emprisonnement = imprisonment une amende = a fine
un témoin = a witness la délinquance = delinquancy
l'avortement = abortion la chasse = hunt
le terroriste = terrorist la CRS = riot police
le racisme = racism l'immigration calndestine = (illegal) immigartion
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un immigré = an immigrant l'euthanasie = Euthanasia
un problème = a problem la greffe d'organes = organ transplant
un demandeur d'asile = an assylum seeker IVG (interruption volontaire de grossesse) = termination of
pregnancy
l'homme au foyer = a house husband une question = a question
le changement = change une conséquence = a consequence
le féminisme = feminism la femme = woman / wife
le harcèlement sexuel = sexual harassment l'inégalité = inequality
le sexisme = sexism la carrière = career
le salaire = salary la discrimination = discrimination
le mouvement = movement la condition féminine = woman's lot
un phallocrate = male chauvinist la liberté = freedom
le sport = sport la compétition = competition
le dopage = drug-taking la concurrence = competition
le dépistage = testing / screening la drogue = drug
l'argent = money une récompense = a reward
le prix = prize la violence = violence
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un match = a match l'industrie = industry
un joueur = a player la perte = the loss
le parrainage = sponsor ship l'allocation = benefit payment
le commerce = trade l'ANPE = job centre
le travail = work une demande d'emploi = a job application
un emploi = a job une entrevue = an interview
le chômage = unemployment
un chômeur = a unemployed person
un demandeur d'emploi = a job seeker
le taux de chômage = the unemployment rate
le monde du travail = the world of work
Verbs: Plural:
manger = to eat les fast-foodeurs = those who eat fast food
boire = to drink les boissons (f) (non-) alcoolisées = (non-) alcoholic
drinks
être au régime = to be on a diet les drogues dures = hard drugs
perdre du poids = to lose weight les frictions parents-enfants = parent-child conflicts
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maigrir = to get thinner / lose weight les mœurs = morals
devenir populaire = to become popular les pressions socilaes = social pressures
se droguer = to take drugs les grandes écoles = top Universities
boire à l'excès = to drink to excess les resultants = the results
fumer = to smoke les transports en commun = public transport
nuire à = to harm les heures d'affluence = rush hour
empêcher = to prevent les vacances (f) = holidays
répandre = to spread les distractions (f) = things to do
se marier avec = to marry les médias = the media
vivre = to live les ventes = sales
négliger = to neglect les déchets nucléaires = nuclear waste
s'occpuer des enfant = to look after the children les combustibles fossiles = fossil fuels
passer un examen = to sit an exam les CFCs = CFCs
réussir = to succeed les espèces menacées = endangered species
échouer = to fail des énergies douces = safe energy sources
éduquer = educate les pouvoirs publics = the public authorities
étudier = to study les affaires étrangères = foreign affairs
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conduire = to drive les croyances = beliefs
décongestionner = to relieve congestion les mœurs = morals
réduire = to reduce les péchés = sins
encourager = to encourage les sans-abri = the homeless
interdire = to ban les SDF = homeless
polluer = to pollute les mères porteuses / mères de substitution =
surrogate mothers
permettre (à) = to allow les droits des animaux = animal rights
partir en vacances = to go on holiday les droits = rights
se détendre = to relax les pressions = pressures
abîmer = to spoil les jeux Olympiques = the Olympic games
apporter = to bring les résultats = results
s'ingérer dans la vie privée de...= to invade on the
private life of...
éditer = to publish
éduquer = to educate
stimuler = to stimulate
museler la presse = to muzzle the press
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étouffer = to hush up
polluer = to pollute
sauvegarder = to safegard
protéger = to protect
nuire à = to harm
préserver = to preserve
gagner un siège = to win a seat
cohabiter = to work together
voter = to vote
dépenser = to spend (money)
décider = to decide
prier = to pray
aller à l'égise = to go to chuch
croire = to believe
se détourner = to turn away from
aider = to help
nourrir = to feed
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alléger = to lighten / to relieve
exploiter = to exploit
envoyer = to send
parrainer = to sponsor
faire une virée = to go joyriding
exercer un effet de dissuasion = to act as a deterent
tirer sur = to shoot at
commettre = to commit
détourner = to hijack
écrouer = to lock up
faire sauter = to blow up
exécuter = to execute
protéger = to protect
lutter contre = to fight against
provoquer = to provoke
se sentir = to feel
s'épanouir = to blossom, to reach your potential
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exiger = to demand
subir = to undergo
participer = to take part
gagner = to win
perdre = to lose
tricher = to cheat
embaucher = to take on workers
licencier = to dismiss / make redundant
toucher une allocation = to draw a benefit
poser sa candidature = to apply for a job
former = to train
prendre la (pré-) retraite = to take (early) retirement
démissionner = to resign
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Listening
Preparation and technique
Some of the tips here are similar to things you have seen in other sections but some are new...
1. Read the question and make sure you understand it. It sounds obvious, but you can't answer the question
unless you know what you've been asked - for example, is it when or where did the accident take place? Is
it why did they protest or how did they protest? You won't get any marks for details that don't relate to the
question, even if they're right!
2. Time. You have to remember the time; there's no point spending ten minutes on a question that carries three
marks and then not have time to do a later section that carries ten marks. You have to force yourself to limit
time on sections. You can always come back afterwards if you have time spare.
3. Vocabulary. What if you don't know a key word? Think your way around it. Do you know any other words that
mean the same? Could you rephrase it or define it? For example, 'global warming ' becomes 'the earth is
becoming warmer' and so on. What about 'quelque chose pour...' for example, 'a bottle opener' becomes
'quelque chose pour ouvrir une bouteille'.
4. Accuracy. You will not get every answer right or know every single word you want for a particular question.
Nobody expects you to - not even for a grade 'A'. But don't let problems in a section that you can't do distract
you from another section that you can do perfectly well. Accept that there are a few things you can't do and
write them off. You'll probably be surprised at what you can do - concentrate on this and pick up as many marks
as possible on these parts.
5. Marks. Read the question and the number of marks allocated to each question. You need to know how much is
allocated for content and how much is accuracy. Does four marks mean four details or two details with two
marks awarded for accuracy? Make sure you are clear on this. You could be trying to write too much or wasting
time on a section where you've already got full marks.
6. Word limit. The word limit is there for a purpose. Some exam boards have very strict rules about going over
word limits, especially on coursework where you have time to plan, draft and re-write. You could be penalised
very heavily. What's more, not only is it a waste of time but you may be making more mistakes and actually
dragging your grade down. The content and quality are far more important than the number of words.
All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020
18
Speaking
Preparation and technique
Some of the tips here are similar to things you have seen in other sections but some are new...
1. Read the question and make sure you understand it. It sounds obvious, but you can't answer the question
unless you know what you've been asked - for example, is it when or where did the accident take place? Is
it why did they protest or how did they protest? You won't get any marks for details that don't relate to the
question, even if they're right!
2. Time. You have to remember the time; there's no point spending ten minutes on a question that carries three
marks and then not have time to do a later section that carries ten marks. You have to force yourself to limit
time on sections. You can always come back afterwards if you have time spare.
3. Vocabulary. What if you don't know a key word? Think your way around it. Do you know any other words that
mean the same? Could you rephrase it or define it? For example, 'global warming ' becomes 'the earth is
becoming warmer' and so on. What about 'quelque chose pour...' for example, 'a bottle opener' becomes
'quelque chose pour ouvrir une bouteille'.
4. Accuracy. You will not get every answer right or know every single word you want for a particular question.
Nobody expects you to - not even for a grade 'A'. But don't let problems in a section that you can't do distract
you from another section that you can do perfectly well. Accept that there are a few things you can't do and
write them off. You'll probably be surprised at what you can do - concentrate on this and pick up as many marks
as possible on these parts.
5. Marks. Read the question and the number of marks allocated to each question. You need to know how much is
allocated for content and how much is accuracy. Does four marks mean four details or two details with two
marks awarded for accuracy? Make sure you are clear on this. You could be trying to write too much or wasting
time on a section where you've already got full marks.
6. Word limit. The word limit is there for a purpose. Some exam boards have very strict rules about going over
word limits, especially on coursework where you have time to plan, draft and re-write. You could be penalised
very heavily. What's more, not only is it a waste of time but you may be making more mistakes and actually
dragging your grade down. The content and quality are far more important than the number of words.
All copyright and publishing rights are owned by S-cool. First created in 2000 and updated in 2013, 2015 & 2020
19
Reading
Masculine: Feminine:
le vin = wine la nourriture = food
un régime équilibré = a balanced diet la matière grasse = fat content
l'alcool = alcohol la consommation = consumption
un additif = additive la cuisine traditionnelle = traditional cooking
un gastronome = a gourmet la cuisine saine = healthy cooking
un repas = a meal la culture biologique = organic farming
un en-cas = a snack la santé = health
un viticulteur = wine grower la forme = fitness
le tabagisme = addiction to smoking l'anorexie = anorexia
le tabagisme passif = passive smoking la boulimie = bulimie
le SIDA = AIDS la drogue = drugs
l'alcool = alcohol la toxicomanie = drug addiction
un toxicomane = drug addict la cirrhose du foie = cirrhosis of the liver
le cancer du poumon = lung cancer la gueule de bois = hangover
un préservatif = a condom l'ivresse = drunkeness
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le sexe sans protection = unprotected sex la conduite en état d'ivresse = drink-driving
un centre de réadaption = a rehabilitation centre la poussée de stupéfiants = drug-pushing
le stupéfiant = drug / narcotic la guérison = cure
le marriage = marriage l'interdiction = ban
le divorce = divorce la boulimie = bulimie
l'homme au foyer = house husband la famille (monoparentale) = (single parent) family
un mari / un époux = husband l'union libre = living together
le planning familial = family planning la conflit des générations
le comportement = behaviour la cohabitation = living together
le foyer = the home une épouse / femme = wife
le concubinage = living together la natalité = birth rate
le collège = secondary school la cellule familiale = the family unit
l'enseignement = education la progéniture = off-spring
le système éducatif = the educational system l'école = school
le bac = A-Level la scolarité = schooling
un examen = an exam une interrogation = test
un contrôle = a test une épreuve = test
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21
le programme = the curriculum l'université = University
le permis de conduire = driving licence la sale des profs = staff room
le code de la route = Highway code l'orientation = guidance
un couloir de bus = a bus lane une licence = a degree
un péage = a toll la circulation = traffic
le chemin de fer = the railway une voiture particulière = a private car
le réseau autoroutier = the motorway network une subvention = a subsidy
l'excès de vitesse = speeding la sécurité routière = road safety
un poids lourd = a HGV une zone piétonne = pedestrian area
un routier = lorry driver une piste cyclable = a cycle track
un embouteillage = traffic jam la capacité = capacity
le tourisme = tourism une amende = a fine
l'afflux = flux of people l'industrie de tourisme = the tourist business
un estivant = holiday maker la vie nocturne = night life
un voyage = a trip une croisière = a cruise
le circuit touristique = the tourist circuit l'évasion = escape
le coût de vie = the cost of living la détente = relaxation
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22
un retour à la nature = return to nature une auberge de jeunesse = a youth hostel
le haut saison = high season la télévision = the television
un journal = a newspaper la presse = the press
l'Internet = the Internet la vie privée = private life
un journaliste la publicité = advertising
un éditeur = a publisher une émission = a programme
un rédacteur = an editor la libre parole = free speech
un quotidien = a daily la liberté de la presse = the freedom of the press
un quotidien populaire = a tabloid une diffusion = a broadcast
un exemplaire = a copy la rubrique (sportive) = the (sports) section
le divertissement = entertainment l'énergie (nucléaire / solaire)
l'effet de serre = the greenhouse effect une centrale nucléaire = a nuclear power station
le recyclage = recycling l'écologie = ecology
le rechauffement de la terre = global warming une marée noire = oil slick
le gaspillage = wastage la pluie acide = acid rain
un cobaye = a guinea pig une bombe aerosol = aerosol spray
un groupe de pression = a pressure group l'essence sans plomb = lead free petrol
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23
l'environnement = the environment la culture biologique = organic farming
un parti = a party la protection = protection
le gouvernement = the government la chasse = hunting
un ministre = a minister la politique = politics / a policy
un sondage = an opinion poll / a survey la droite = the right wing
le pouvoir = power la gauche = the left wing
le président = the president une élection (présidentielle)
le premier ministre = the prime minister la proportionnelle = proportional representation
le Sénat = the Senate (Upper House) une voix = a vote
un élu = someone elected une circonscription = a constituency
le parlement = parliament l'Assemblée Nationale = the National assembly (the Lower
house)
le marché unique = the single market l'Union Européenne (UE) = the European Union
le traité = treaty la monnaie unique = single currency
un pays = a country la frontière = border
un état membre = a member state la libre circulation = free movement
un citoyen = a citizen la communauté = commuity
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24
le vote = voting l'identité nationale = national identity
député = an M.P. la présidence = presidency
le christianisme = christianity la bureaucatie = bureaucracy
l'Islam la religion = religion
un temple = a church (protestant) une messe = a church service
le pape = the pope une église = a chuch (catholic)
un juif = a Jew la foi = faith
l'athéisme = atheism une juive = a Jewess
l'intégriste = fundamentalist une mosquée = a mosque
l'espoir = hope une prière = a prayer
un musulman = muslim un(e) évangéliste = born again Christian
le tiers-monde = the third world la poussée = upsurge
un bidonville = a shanty town la famine = famine
l'occident = the west la sécheresse = drought
un régime = diet la guerre (civile) = (civil) war
un pays sous-développé = a under-developed
county l'aide = aid / help
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25
un pays en voie de développement = a developing
country l'eau potable = drinking water
le droit = the right la surpopulation = over population
le prison = prison l'inégalité = inequality
un crime = a crime l'espérance de vie = life expectancy
un délit = an offence la peine de mort = the death penalty
le taux = rate la criminelle = criminal / murderer
le vol = theft la police = the police
le viol = rape une infraction = an offence
le meurtre = murder la punition = punishment
un procès = a trial une cour = a court
l'emprisonnement = imprisonment une amende = a fine
un témoin = a witness la délinquance = delinquancy
l'avortement = abortion la chasse = hunt
le terroriste = terrorist la CRS = riot police
le racisme = racism l'immigration calndestine = (illegal) immigartion
un immigré = an immigrant l'euthanasie = Euthanasia
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26
un problème = a problem la greffe d'organes = organ transplant
un demandeur d'asile = an assylum seeker IVG (interruption volontaire de grossesse) = termination of
pregnancy
l'homme au foyer = a house husband une question = a question
le changement = change une conséquence = a consequence
le féminisme = feminism la femme = woman / wife
le harcèlement sexuel = sexual harassment l'inégalité = inequality
le sexisme = sexism la carrière = career
le salaire = salary la discrimination = discrimination
le mouvement = movement la condition féminine = woman's lot
un phallocrate = male chauvinist la liberté = freedom
le sport = sport la compétition = competition
le dopage = drug-taking la concurrence = competition
le dépistage = testing / screening la drogue = drug
l'argent = money une récompense = a reward
le prix = prize la violence = violence
un match = a match l'industrie = industry
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27
un joueur = a player la perte = the loss
le parrainage = sponsor ship l'allocation = benefit payment
le commerce = trade l'ANPE = job centre
le travail = work une demande d'emploi = a job application
un emploi = a job une entrevue = an interview
le chômage = unemployment
un chômeur = a unemployed person
un demandeur d'emploi = a job seeker
le taux de chômage = the unemployment rate
le monde du travail = the world of work
Verbs: Plural:
manger = to eat les fast-foodeurs = those who eat fast food
boire = to drink les boissons (f) (non-) alcoolisées = (non-) alcoholic
drinks
être au régime = to be on a diet les drogues dures = hard drugs
perdre du poids = to lose weight les frictions parents-enfants = parent-child conflicts
maigrir = to get thinner / lose weight les mœurs = morals
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devenir populaire = to become popular les pressions socilaes = social pressures
se droguer = to take drugs les grandes écoles = top Universities
boire à l'excès = to drink to excess les resultants = the results
fumer = to smoke les transports en commun = public transport
nuire à = to harm les heures d'affluence = rush hour
empêcher = to prevent les vacances (f) = holidays
répandre = to spread les distractions (f) = things to do
se marier avec = to marry les médias = the media
vivre = to live les ventes = sales
négliger = to neglect les déchets nucléaires = nuclear waste
s'occpuer des enfant = to look after the children les combustibles fossiles = fossil fuels
passer un examen = to sit an exam les CFCs = CFCs
réussir = to succeed les espèces menacées = endangered species
échouer = to fail des énergies douces = safe energy sources
éduquer = educate les pouvoirs publics = the public authorities
étudier = to study les affaires étrangères = foreign affairs
conduire = to drive les croyances = beliefs
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décongestionner = to relieve congestion les mœurs = morals
réduire = to reduce les péchés = sins
encourager = to encourage les sans-abri = the homeless
interdire = to ban les SDF = homeless
polluer = to pollute les mères porteuses / mères de substitution =
surrogate mothers
permettre (à) = to allow les droits des animaux = animal rights
partir en vacances = to go on holiday les droits = rights
se détendre = to relax les pressions = pressures
abîmer = to spoil les jeux Olympiques = the Olympic games
apporter = to bring les résultats = results
s'ingérer dans la vie privée de...= to invade on the
private life of...
éditer = to publish
éduquer = to educate
stimuler = to stimulate
museler la presse = to muzzle the press
étouffer = to hush up
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polluer = to pollute
sauvegarder = to safegard
protéger = to protect
nuire à = to harm
préserver = to preserve
gagner un siège = to win a seat
cohabiter = to work together
voter = to vote
dépenser = to spend (money)
décider = to decide
prier = to pray
aller à l'égise = to go to chuch
croire = to believe
se détourner = to turn away from
aider = to help
nourrir = to feed
alléger = to lighten / to relieve
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exploiter = to exploit
envoyer = to send
parrainer = to sponsor
faire une virée = to go joyriding
exercer un effet de dissuasion = to act as a deterent
tirer sur = to shoot at
commettre = to commit
détourner = to hijack
écrouer = to lock up
faire sauter = to blow up
exécuter = to execute
protéger = to protect
lutter contre = to fight against
provoquer = to provoke
se sentir = to feel
s'épanouir = to blossom, to reach your potential
exiger = to demand
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subir = to undergo
participer = to take part
gagner = to win
perdre = to lose
tricher = to cheat
embaucher = to take on workers
licencier = to dismiss / make redundant
toucher une allocation = to draw a benefit
poser sa candidature = to apply for a job
former = to train
prendre la (pré-) retraite = to take (early) retirement
démissionner = to resign
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33
Writing
Preparation and technique
Some of the tips here are similar to things you have seen in other sections but some are new...
1. Read the question and make sure you understand it. It sounds obvious, but you can't answer the
question unless you know what you've been asked - for example, is it when or where did the accident
take place? Is it why did they protest or how did they protest? You won't get any marks for details that
don't relate to the question, even if they're right!
2. Time. You have to remember the time; there's no point spending ten minutes on a question that
carries three marks and then not have time to do a later section that carries ten marks. You have to
force yourself to limit time on sections. You can always come back afterwards if you have time spare.
3. Vocabulary. What if you don't know a key word? Think your way around it. Do you know any other
words that mean the same? Could you rephrase it or define it? For example, 'global warming ' becomes
'the earth is becoming warmer' and so on. What about 'quelque chose pour...' for example, 'a bottle
opener' becomes 'quelque chose pour ouvrir une bouteille'.
4. Accuracy. You will not get every answer right or know every single word you want for a particular
question. Nobody expects you to - not even for a grade 'A'. But don't let problems in a section that you
can't do distract you from another section that you can do perfectly well. Accept that there are a few
things you can't do and write them off. You'll probably be surprised at what you can do - concentrate on
this and pick up as many marks as possible on these parts.
5. Marks. Read the question and the number of marks allocated to each question. You need to know how
much is allocated for content and how much is accuracy. Does four marks mean four details or two
details with two marks awarded for accuracy? Make sure you are clear on this. You could be trying to
write too much or wasting time on a section where you've already got full marks.
6. Word limit. The word limit is there for a purpose. Some exam boards have very strict rules about
going over word limits, especially on coursework where you have time to plan, draft and re-write. You
could be penalised very heavily. What's more, not only is it a waste of time but you may be making
more mistakes and actually dragging your grade down. The content and quality are far more important
than the number of words.
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34
Grammar
Preparation and technique
Some of the tips here are similar to things you have seen in other sections but some are new...
1. Read the question and make sure you understand it. It sounds obvious, but you can't answer the
question unless you know what you've been asked - for example, is it when or where did the accident
take place? Is it why did they protest or how did they protest? You won't get any marks for details that
don't relate to the question, even if they're right!
2. Time. You have to remember the time; there's no point spending ten minutes on a question that
carries three marks and then not have time to do a later section that carries ten marks. You have to
force yourself to limit time on sections. You can always come back afterwards if you have time spare.
3. Vocabulary. What if you don't know a key word? Think your way around it. Do you know any other
words that mean the same? Could you rephrase it or define it? For example, 'global warming ' becomes
'the earth is becoming warmer' and so on. What about 'quelque chose pour...' for example, 'a bottle
opener' becomes 'quelque chose pour ouvrir une bouteille'.
4. Accuracy. You will not get every answer right or know every single word you want for a particular
question. Nobody expects you to - not even for a grade 'A'. But don't let problems in a section that you
can't do distract you from another section that you can do perfectly well. Accept that there are a few
things you can't do and write them off. You'll probably be surprised at what you can do - concentrate on
this and pick up as many marks as possible on these parts.
5. Marks. Read the question and the number of marks allocated to each question. You need to know how
much is allocated for content and how much is accuracy. Does four marks mean four details or two
details with two marks awarded for accuracy? Make sure you are clear on this. You could be trying to
write too much or wasting time on a section where you've already got full marks.
6. Word limit. The word limit is there for a purpose. Some exam boards have very strict rules about
going over word limits, especially on coursework where you have time to plan, draft and re-write. You
could be penalised very heavily. What's more, not only is it a waste of time but you may be making
more mistakes and actually dragging your grade down. The content and quality are far more important
than the number of words.
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35
Advanced Grammar
Preparation and technique
Some of the tips here are similar to things you have seen in other sections but some are new...
1. Read the question and make sure you understand it. It sounds obvious, but you can't answer the question
unless you know what you've been asked - for example, is it when or where did the accident take place? Is
it why did they protest or how did they protest? You won't get any marks for details that don't relate to the
question, even if they're right!
2. Time. You have to remember the time; there's no point spending ten minutes on a question that carries three
marks and then not have time to do a later section that carries ten marks. You have to force yourself to limit
time on sections. You can always come back afterwards if you have time spare.
3. Vocabulary. What if you don't know a key word? Think your way around it. Do you know any other words that
mean the same? Could you rephrase it or define it? For example, 'global warming ' becomes 'the earth is
becoming warmer' and so on. What about 'quelque chose pour...' for example, 'a bottle opener' becomes
'quelque chose pour ouvrir une bouteille'.
4. Accuracy. You will not get every answer right or know every single word you want for a particular question.
Nobody expects you to - not even for a grade 'A'. But don't let problems in a section that you can't do distract
you from another section that you can do perfectly well. Accept that there are a few things you can't do and
write them off. You'll probably be surprised at what you can do - concentrate on this and pick up as many marks
as possible on these parts.
5. Marks. Read the question and the number of marks allocated to each question. You need to know how much is
allocated for content and how much is accuracy. Does four marks mean four details or two details with two
marks awarded for accuracy? Make sure you are clear on this. You could be trying to write too much or wasting
time on a section where you've already got full marks.
6. Word limit. The word limit is there for a purpose. Some exam boards have very strict rules about going over
word limits, especially on coursework where you have time to plan, draft and re-write. You could be penalised
very heavily. What's more, not only is it a waste of time but you may be making more mistakes and actually
dragging your grade down. The content and quality are far more important than the number of words.
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36
The Exam
Like all AS and A2 subjects, French is made up of 6 assessed units; the first three make up the AS course and
the second three added to the first three make up the A2.
Exactly what each module comprises varies from board to board, but here is a brief outline below:
Module: Edexcel:
1 Listening and writing
1 hour
30% of AS
15% of A2
2 Reading and writing
2 hours
40% of AS
20% of A2
3 Oral
10-12 mins
30% of AS
15% of A2
4 Oral or Interpreting
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15 mins
15% of A2
5 Prescribed Text or Coursework
15% of A2
6 Listening and writing
45 mins
5% of A2
and
Reading and writing
45 mins
5% of A2
and
Writing in registers
1 hr 15 mins
10% of A2
There are five modules (3 for AS and an additional 2 for A2); these specify the content of the course. They
are outlined below:
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Module: Edexcel:
1 Food, health, diet, transport, travel and tourism, current affairs and media
2 Relationships, family and generations, social issues, law and justice, leisure and the Arts
3 Education, training and employment, business and industry, ICT
4 Energy, pollution and the environment, politics and citizenship, campaigning organisations and charities
5 Customs, beliefs and religions, the EU, worldwide problems
Unlike GCSE, you can see that there are not always distinct listening or reading papers, but that skills are mixed
within one paper - for example, listening and writing in one. Don't let that put you off; you simply use your
listening skills techniques in one section of a paper and your writing skills in another section.
What is the exam going to be like?
Although it's the first year through, your teachers have probably received specimen material and I'm sure you've
got a fairly good idea of what awaits you. Again, it varies from board to board but you'll find some general tips in
the AS French Learn-Its...
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39
Study Skills
How to develop good study habits
1. Learn vocabulary regularly - little and often is the best way.
Following a lesson, look over vocabulary and learn any new words.
2. Learn how to use a dictionary and use it regularly. Look words up and check words yourself, don't wait for
your teacher to find mistakes.
Using a dictionary:
a) You are trying to find out what 'des as de volant' means. You know that volant means a steering wheel. Look
up as and you find 3 meanings.
1. Roman coin
2. ace (cards, dice)
3. ace/star (sports)
You choose number 3 because 'Des as de volant' is the name of a road-side cafe in the passage you are reading.
b) You are checking your work. You have written 'la problème'. This looks feminine as it ends in e but when you
check in the dictionary it is masculine (s.m = singular masculine) i.e. problème.
3. Revise grammar regularly. Look over grammar points following a lesson and learn structures which are
new to you.
4. If you miss a lesson, ensure you collect the work and catch up on what you have missed.
5. Ask for further explanation when necessary, also extra work for your areas of weakness. Don't be afraid
to ask questions or admit you don't understand. Your teacher may assume you are OK if you don't say anything.
6. In class, participate, contribute, support for your own benefit. Read newspapers (in English as well as
French) so you develop lots of ideas on modern issues which will stand you in good stead for discussion or
essays.
7. Be self-disciplined, hand work in regularly, keep to deadlines and organise your private study time sensibly.
Try to match your lesson time with your private study time i.e. 3 hours of lessons = 3 hours private study.
8. Organise your notes well in a filing system. Review them regularly. Be prepared to read and research on
your own initiative - do not expect to be taught everything.
9. A visit to France is highly recommended.
10. Enjoy yourself! It's a lot of work but will be really rewarding and worthwhile if you persevere.
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Web-sites you may find useful during your A/S and A2 Studies
http://www.lemonde.fr
Reading some of this newspaper will improve your French comprehension and widen your knowledge of France.
The French is fairly dense and difficult sometimes, especially if you are still at A/S level but try skimming the
front-page stories once or twice a week. You will recognise some of the international stories e.g. about the
Middle East or the S.E. Asia tsunami disaster which will help you understand the gist of what you are reading.
You may also search the archives to help you with a course-work topic or presentation.
http://www.voici.fr/
This is great fun! You can read all the gossip 'sur les stars'. Some stars are only popular in France so you may
not recognise them but others, for instance Kylie Minogue et Olivier Martinez you will have heard about.
Interesting gossip to improve your French!
http://www.gala.fr/
This also has news about the stars but also film reviews and cookery. All quite short pieces, which are easy to
follow even if you don't understand every word.
http://www.frenchrevision.co.uk/
Go into the A level section. Here you will find some exam practice, some past papers and some news videos to
give you all the latest headlines.
http://www.frenchrevision.co.uk/
If you are interested in film and cinema this is the site for you. There is also lots of up-to-date and colloquial
French to pick up here. (But use it with care!)
http://viaduc.midilibre.com/
This is an excellent new site about the recently opened and amazing bridge over the river Tarn near Millau. Look
at the Viaduc en Images sections with the most interesting photos and descriptions in French, read about
l'homme araignée (Spiderman) who climbed it and the visitors from their twin town in England and what they
thought about it (in perfect French!)
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Terms and conditions
All S-cool content (including these notes) belong to S-cool (S-cool Youth Marketing Limited).
You may use these for your personal use on a computer screen, print pages on paper and store such pages in
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library, archive, intranet or similar service), remove the copyright or trade mark notice from any copies or
modify, reproduce or in any way commercially exploit any of the Content.
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